9 datasets found
  1. BGS 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 series geological maps

    • metadata.bgs.ac.uk
    http
    Updated 1856
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    British Geological Survey (1856). BGS 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 series geological maps [Dataset]. https://metadata.bgs.ac.uk/geonetwork/srv/api/records/120e1002-dcdd-1b22-e063-0937940ae43d
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    httpAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    1856
    Dataset authored and provided by
    British Geological Surveyhttps://www.bgs.ac.uk/
    License

    http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/LimitationsOnPublicAccess/noLimitationshttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/LimitationsOnPublicAccess/noLimitations

    Time period covered
    1856 - 2015
    Area covered
    Description

    The 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 scale map series are the most useful scale for most purposes. They provide almost complete coverage of onshore Great Britain. The BGS collection of 1:63 360 and 1:50 000 scale maps comprises two map series: - Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 Geological Map Series [New Series]. These maps are based on the Ordnance Survey One-inch New Series topographic basemaps and provide almost complete coverage of England and Wales, with the exception of sheet 180 (Knighton). The quarter-sheets of 1:63 360 Old Series sheets 91 to 110 coincide with sheets 1 to 73 of the New Series maps. These earlier maps often carry two sheet numbers which refer to the Old Series and the New Series. - Geological Survey of Scotland 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 Geological Map Series. These maps are based on the Ordnance Survey First, Second, Third and Fourth editions of the One-inch map of Scotland. The maps used the most recent topographic basemap available at the time. In the Western Isles, one-inch mapping was abandoned and replaced by maps at 1:100 000 scale, which are associated with this series. Sheets were traditionally issued at 1:63 360 scale, with the first 1:50 000 maps appearing in 1972. Sheets at 1:50 000 scale may be either facsimile enlargements of an existing 1:63 360 sheets, or may contain new geology and cartography. The latter bear the additional series designation '1:50 000 series'. Within the Scottish series, new mapping at 1:50 000 scale was split into east and west sheets. For example, the original one-inch sheet 32 became 1:50 000 sheets 32E and 32W. A number of irregular sheets were also introduced with the new 1:50 000 scale mapping. There are a number of irregular special sheets within both series. Geological maps represent a geologist's compiled interpretation of the geology of an area. A geologist will consider the data available at the time, including measurements and observations collected during field campaigns, as well as their knowledge of geological processes and the geological context to create a model of the geology of an area. This model is then fitted to a topographic basemap and drawn up at the appropriate scale, with generalization if necessary, to create a geological map, which is a representation of the geological model. Explanatory notes and vertical and horizontal cross sections may be published with the map. Geological maps may be created to show various aspects of the geology, or themes. The most common map themes held by BGS are solid (later referred to as bedrock) and drift (later referred to as superficial). These maps are, for the most part, hard-copy paper records stored in the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and are delivered as digital scans through the BGS website.

  2. Elevation Coverage Map

    • africageoportal.com
    • rwanda.africageoportal.com
    • +2more
    Updated Apr 10, 2014
    + more versions
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    Esri (2014). Elevation Coverage Map [Dataset]. https://www.africageoportal.com/maps/3af669838f594b378f90c10f98e46a7f
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 10, 2014
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Esrihttp://esri.com/
    Area covered
    Description

    This map shows the extent of the various datasets comprising the World Elevation dynamic (Terrain, TopoBathy) and tiled (Terrain 3D, TopoBathy 3D, World Hillshade, World Hillshade (Dark)) services.The tiled services (Terrain 3D, TopoBathy 3D, World Hillshade, World Hillshade (Dark)) also include an additional data source from Maxar's Precision3D covering parts of the globe.Topography sources listed in the table below are part of Terrain, TopoBathy, Terrain 3D, TopoBathy 3D, World Hillshade and World Hillshade (Dark), while bathymetry sources are part of TopoBathy and TopoBathy 3D only. Data Source Native Pixel Size Approximate Pixel Size (meters) Coverage Primary Source Country/Region

    Topography

    Australia 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of Australia Geoscience Australia Australia

    Moreton Bay, Australia 1m 1 meter 1 Moreton Bay region, Australia Moreton Bay Regional Council Australia

    New South Wales, Australia 5m 5 meters 5 New South Wales State, Australia DFSI Australia

    SRTM 1 arc second DEM-S 0.0002777777777779 degrees 31 Australia Geoscience Australia Australia

    Burgenland 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Burgenland State, Austria Land Burgenland Austria

    Upper Austria 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Upper Austria State, Austria Land Oberosterreich Austria

    Austria 1m 1 meter 1 Austria BEV Austria

    Austria 10m 10 meters 10 Austria BEV Austria

    Wallonie 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Wallonie state, Belgium Service public de Wallonie (SPW) Belgium

    Vlaanderen 1m 1 meter 1 Vlaanderen state, Belgium agentschap Digitaal Vlaanderen Belgium

    Canada HRDEM 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of Canada Natural Resources Canada Canada

    Canada HRDEM 2m 2 meter 2 Partial areas of the southern part of Canada Natural Resources Canada Canada

    Denmark 40cm 0.4 meters 0.4 Denmark KDS Denmark

    Denmark 10m 10 meters 10 Denmark KDS Denmark

    England 1m 1 meter 1 England Environment Agency England

    Estonia 1m 1 meter 1 Estonia Estonian Land Board Estonia

    Estonia 5m 5 meters 5 Estonia Estonian Land Board Estonia

    Estonia 10m 10 meters 10 Estonia Estonian Land Board Estonia

    Finland 2m 2 meters 2 Finland NLS Finland

    Finland 10m 10 meters 10 Finland NLS Finland

    France 1m 1 meter 1 France IGN-F France

    Bavaria 1m 1 meter 1 Bavaria State, Germany Bayerische Vermessungsverwaltung Germany

    Berlin 1m 1 meter 1 Berlin State, Germany Geoportal Berlin Germany

    Brandenburg 1m 1 meter 1 Brandenburg State, Germany GeoBasis-DE/LGB Germany

    Hamburg 1m 1 meter 1 Hamburg State, Germany LGV Hamburg Germany

    Hesse 1m 1 meter 1 Hesse State, Germany HVBG Germany

    Nordrhein-Westfalen 1m 1 meter 1 Nordrhein-Westfalen State, Germany Land NRW Germany

    Saxony 1m 1 meter 1 Saxony State, Germany Landesamt für Geobasisinformation Sachsen (GeoSN) Germany

    Sachsen-Anhalt 2m 2 meters 2 Sachsen-Anhalt State, Germany LVermGeo LSA Germany

    Hong Kong 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Hong Kong CEDD Hong Kong SAR

    Italy TINITALY 10m 10 meters 10 Italy INGV Italy

    Japan DEM5A *, DEM5B * 0.000055555555 degrees 5 Partial areas of Japan GSI Japan

    Japan DEM10B * 0.00011111111 degrees 10 Japan GSI Japan

    Latvia 1m 1 meters 1 Latvia Latvian Geospatial Information Agency Latvia

    Latvia 10m 10 meters 10 Latvia Latvian Geospatial Information Agency Latvia

    Latvia 20m 20 meters 20 Latvia Latvian Geospatial Information Agency Latvia

    Lithuania 1m 1 meters 1 Lithuania NZT Lithuania

    Lithuania 10m 10 meters 10 Lithuania NZT Lithuania

    Netherlands (AHN3/AHN4) 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Netherlands AHN Netherlands

    Netherlands (AHN3/AHN4) 10m 10 meters 10 Netherlands AHN Netherlands

    New Zealand 1m 1 meters 1 Partial areas of New Zealand Land Information New Zealand (Sourced from LINZ. CC BY 4.0) New Zealand

    Northern Ireland 10m 10 meters 10 Northern Ireland OSNI Northern Ireland

    Norway 10m 10 meters 10 Norway NMA Norway

    Poland 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of Poland GUGIK Poland

    Poland 5m 5 meters 5 Partial areas of Poland GUGIK Poland

    Scotland 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of Scotland Scottish Government et.al Scotland

    Slovakia 1m 1 meter 1 Slovakia ÚGKK SR Slovakia

    Slovakia 10m 10 meters 10 Slovakia GKÚ Slovakia

    Slovenia 1m 1 meter 1 Slovenia ARSO Slovenia

    Madrid City 1m 1 meter 1 Madrid city, Spain Ayuntamiento de Madrid Spain

    Spain 2m (MDT02 2019 CC-BY 4.0 scne.es) 2 meters 2 Partial areas of Spain IGN Spain

    Spain 5m 5 meters 5 Spain IGN Spain

    Spain 10m 10 meters 10 Spain IGN Spain

    Varnamo 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Varnamo municipality, Sweden Värnamo Kommun Sweden

    Canton of Basel-Landschaft 25cm 0.25 meters 0.25 Canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland Geoinformation Kanton Basel-Landschaft Switzerland

    Grand Geneva 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Grand Geneva metropolitan, France/Switzerland SITG Switzerland and France

    Switzerland swissALTI3D 50cm 0.5 meters 0.5 Switzerland and Liechtenstein swisstopo Switzerland and Liechtenstein

    Switzerland swissALTI3D 10m 10 meters 10 Switzerland and Liechtenstein swisstopo Switzerland and Liechtenstein

    OS Terrain 50 50 meters 50 United Kingdom Ordnance Survey United Kingdom

    Douglas County 1ft 1 foot 0.3048 Douglas County, Nebraska, USA Douglas County NE United States

    Lancaster County 1ft 1 foot 0.3048 Lancaster County, Nebraska, USA Lancaster County NE United States

    Sarpy County 1ft 1 foot 0.3048 Sarpy County, Nebraska, USA Sarpy County NE United States

    Cook County 1.5 ft 1.5 foot 0.46 Cook County, Illinois, USA ISGS United States

    3DEP 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of the conterminous United States, Puerto Rico USGS United States

    NRCS 1m 1 meter 1 Partial areas of the conterminous United States NRCS USDA United States

    San Mateo County 1m 1 meter 1 San Mateo County, California, USA San Mateo County CA United States

    FEMA LiDAR DTM 3 meters 3 Partial areas of the conterminous United States FEMA United States

    NED 1/9 arc second 0.000030864197530866 degrees 3 Partial areas of the conterminous United States USGS United States

    3DEP 5m 5 meter 5 Alaska, United States USGS United States

    NED 1/3 arc second 0.000092592592593 degrees 10 conterminous United States, Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico, and Territorial Islands of the United States USGS United States

    NED 1 arc second 0.0002777777777779 degrees 31 conterminous United States, Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico, Territorial Islands of the United States; Canada and Mexico USGS United States

    NED 2 arc second 0.000555555555556 degrees 62 Alaska, United States USGS United States

    Wales 1m 1 meter 1 Wales Welsh Government Wales

    WorldDEM4Ortho 0.00022222222 degrees 24 Global (excluding the countries of Azerbaijan, DR Congo and Ukraine) Airbus Defense and Space GmbH World

    SRTM 1 arc second 0.0002777777777779 degrees 31 all land areas between 60 degrees north and 56 degrees south except Australia NASA World

    EarthEnv-DEM90 0.00083333333333333 degrees 93 Global N Robinson,NCEAS World

    SRTM v4.1 0.00083333333333333 degrees 93 all land areas between 60 degrees north and 56 degrees south except Australia CGIAR-CSI World

    GMTED2010 7.5 arc second 0.00208333333333333 degrees 232 Global USGS World

    GMTED2010 15 arc second 0.00416666666666666 degrees 464 Global USGS World

    GMTED2010 30 arc second 0.0083333333333333 degrees 928 Global USGS World

    Bathymetry

    Canada west coast 10 meters 10 Canada west coast Natural Resources Canada Canada

    Gulf of Mexico 40 feet 12 Northern Gulf of Mexico BOEM Gulf of Mexico

    MH370 150 meters 150 MH370 flight search area (Phase 1) of Indian Ocean Geoscience Australia Indian Ocean

    Switzerland swissBATHY3D 1 - 3 meters 1, 2, 3 Lakes of Switzerland swisstopo Switzerland

    NCEI 1/9 arc second 0.000030864197530866 degrees 3 Puerto Rico, U.S Virgin Islands and partial areas of eastern and western United States coast NOAA NCEI United States

    NCEI 1/3 arc second 0.000092592592593 degrees 10 Partial areas of eastern and western United States coast NOAA NCEI United States

    CRM 1 arc second (Version 2) 0.0002777777777779 degrees 31 Southern California coast of United States NOAA United States

    NCEI 1 arc second 0.0002777777777779 degrees 31 Partial areas of northeastern United States coast NOAA NCEI United States

    CRM 3 arc second 0.00083333333333333 degrees 93 United States Coast NOAA United States

    NCEI 3 arc second 0.00083333333333333 degrees 93 Partial areas of northeastern United States coast NOAA NCEI United States

  3. Historic Maps Collection

    • data.wu.ac.at
    • metadata.bgs.ac.uk
    • +1more
    Updated Aug 18, 2018
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    British Geological Survey (2018). Historic Maps Collection [Dataset]. https://data.wu.ac.at/odso/data_gov_uk/MGNmYTk2MzgtYzE0NC00NWRjLTk5MDAtNjZlNjViMmJlYmIz
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    Dataset updated
    Aug 18, 2018
    Dataset provided by
    British Geological Surveyhttps://www.bgs.ac.uk/
    Area covered
    f0e8baadc15f92fa2be14a36af7f85759db1521f
    Description

    This dataset comprises 2 collections of maps. The facsmile collection contains all the marginalia information from the original map as well as the map itself, while the georectified collection contains just the map with an associated index for locating them. Each collection comprises approximately 101 000 monochrome images at 6-inch (1:10560) scale. Each image is supplied in .tiff format with appropriate ArcView and MapInfo world files, and shows the topography for all areas of England, Wales and Scotland as either quarter or, in some cases, full sheets. The images will cover the approximate epochs 1880's, 1900's, 1910's, 1920's and 1930's, but note that coverage is not countrywide for each epoch. The data was purchased by BGS from Sitescope, who obtained it from three sources - Royal Geographical Society, Trinity College Dublin and the Ordnance Survey. The data is for internal use by BGS staff on projects, and is available via a customised application created for the network GDI enabling users to search for and load the maps of their choice. The dataset will have many uses across all the geoscientific disciplines across which BGS operates, and should be viewed as a valuable addition to the BGS archive. There has been a considerable amount of work done during 2005, 2006 and 2007 to improve the accuracy of the OS Historic Map Collection. All maps should now be located to +- 50m or better. This is the best that can be achieved cost effectively. There are a number of reasons why the maps are inaccurate. Firstly, the original maps are paper and many are over 100 years old. They have not been stored in perfect condition. The paper has become distorted to varying degrees over time. The maps were therefore not accurate before scanning. Secondly, different generations of maps will have used different surveying methods and different spatial referencing systems. The same geographical object will not necessarily be in the same spatial location on subsequent editions. Thirdly, we are discussing maps, not plans. There will be cartographic generalisations which will affect the spatial representation and location of geographic objects. Finally, the georectification was not done in BGS but by the company from whom we purchased the maps. The company no longer exists. We do not know the methodology used for georectification.

  4. GB Topographic Local Names

    • hub.arcgis.com
    Updated Jul 15, 2021
    + more versions
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    Esri UK (2021). GB Topographic Local Names [Dataset]. https://hub.arcgis.com/maps/esriukcontent::gb-topographic-local-names/about
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 15, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    Esrihttp://esri.com/
    Authors
    Esri UK
    Area covered
    Description

    This webmap combines the GB Topographic style with the GB Hillshade service.The labels are in local language providing Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and local English names where they are available.Customise this MapBecause this is a vector tile layer, you can customise the map to change its content and symbology. You are able to turn on and off layers and change their symbols. You can open this style in the vector tile style editor, make your changes and save a copy of your modified style to use yourself.As the GB Topographic style is designed to be used in conjunction with the GB Hillshade, it is recommended that after creating you own style you combine it in a webmap with Hillshade service.The map is based primarily on OS Zoomstack data (December 2024)Please send any feedback to marketplacedata@esriuk.com.

  5. 2021 NI 3D Coastal Survey - Topographic LiDAR - Orthophotography Colour...

    • opendata-daerani.hub.arcgis.com
    Updated Aug 29, 2023
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    ArcGIS Online | DAERA (2023). 2021 NI 3D Coastal Survey - Topographic LiDAR - Orthophotography Colour Infrared [Dataset]. https://opendata-daerani.hub.arcgis.com/maps/bfea6acb98f14552b8e6cb05cc0fb29a
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    Dataset updated
    Aug 29, 2023
    Authors
    ArcGIS Online | DAERA
    Area covered
    Description

    Orthophotography is aerial imagery that has been geometrically corrected. An orthophoto is an image that is free of distortion, and which is characterised by a uniform scale over its entire surface - it has been ortho-rectified. Orthophotography was captured as part of the 2021 NI 3D Coastal Survey. Coverage extends across the entire Northern Ireland coastline, including the intertidal area, and extending approximately 200 meters landward of the high water mark. Colour Infrared orthophotography imagery was captured with a 10cm resolution.

  6. GB Topographic Local Names

    • arc-gis-hub-home-arcgishub.hub.arcgis.com
    Updated Jul 15, 2021
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    Esri UK (2021). GB Topographic Local Names [Dataset]. https://arc-gis-hub-home-arcgishub.hub.arcgis.com/maps/esriukcontent::gb-topographic-local-names-1
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 15, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    Esrihttp://esri.com/
    Authors
    Esri UK
    Area covered
    Description

    This tile layer contains the GB Topographic style. The labels are in local language providing Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and local English names where they are available. The web map version can be seen here.Customise this MapBecause this is a vector tile layer, you can customise the map to change its content and symbology. You are able to turn on and off layers and change their symbols. You can open this style in the vector tile style editor, make your changes and save a copy of your modified style to use yourself.As the GB Topographic style is designed to be used in conjunction with the GB Hillshade, it is recommended that after creating you own style you combine it in a webmap with Hillshade service.The map is based primarily on OS Zoomstack data (December 2024)Please send any feedback to VectorTiles@esriuk.com

  7. 2021 NI 3D Coastal Survey - Topographic LiDAR - Digital Terrain Model

    • opendata-daerani.hub.arcgis.com
    • gimi9.com
    • +1more
    Updated May 31, 2023
    + more versions
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    ArcGIS Online | DAERA (2023). 2021 NI 3D Coastal Survey - Topographic LiDAR - Digital Terrain Model [Dataset]. https://opendata-daerani.hub.arcgis.com/maps/DAERANI::2021-ni-3d-coastal-survey-topographic-lidar-digital-terrain-model/about
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    May 31, 2023
    Authors
    ArcGIS Online | DAERA
    Area covered
    Description

    In 2021, a complete airborne LiDAR survey of the Northern Ireland coastline was commissioned as part of the NI 3D Coastal Survey, providing precise and accurate data of the current coastal morphology.The survey included the intertidal area and extended approximately 200 meters landward of the high-water mark.This is the Digital Terrain Model derived from the LiDAR data collected.

  8. GB Hillshade

    • hub.arcgis.com
    Updated Apr 4, 2019
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    Esri UK (2019). GB Hillshade [Dataset]. https://hub.arcgis.com/maps/esriukcontent::gb-hillshade/about
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 4, 2019
    Dataset provided by
    Esrihttp://esri.com/
    Authors
    Esri UK
    Area covered
    Description

    This map is designed to be used in conjunction with basemaps such as GB Topographic. It can also be used as a backdrop for soil, hydro, landcover or other outdoor recreational maps.The hillshade was derived from OS Terrain 50 data and the map projection is British National Grid.The currency of this data is 2019.

  9. 1940-1947 Bartholomew historic map

    • hub.arcgis.com
    Updated Apr 26, 2018
    + more versions
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    Esri UK Education (2018). 1940-1947 Bartholomew historic map [Dataset]. https://hub.arcgis.com/maps/EsriUkeducation::1940-1947-bartholomew-historic-map/about
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 26, 2018
    Dataset provided by
    Esrihttp://esri.com/
    Authors
    Esri UK Education
    Area covered
    Description

    Colourful and easy to use, Bartholomew’s maps became a trademark series. The maps were popular and influential, especially for recreation, and the series sold well, particularly with cyclists and tourists. To begin with, Bartholomew printed their half-inch maps in Scotland as stand-alone sheets known as 'District Sheets' and by 1886 the whole of Scotland was covered. They then revised the maps into an ordered set of 29 sheets covering Scotland in a regular format. This was first published under the title Bartholomew’s Reduced Ordnance Survey of Scotland. The half-inch maps of Scotland formed the principal content for Bartholomew's Survey Atlas of Scotland published in 1895. Bartholomew then moved south of the Border to the more lucrative but competitive market in England and Wales, whilst continuing to revise the Scottish sheets. This Bartholomew series at half-inch to the mile, covered Great Britain in 62 sheets in the 1940s, Bartholomew’s first to cover Great Britain at this scale (their previous series covering Scotland and then England and Wales). The series provides an attractive and useful snapshot of 1940s Britain. By this time, Bartholomew had altered the range of information on their maps compared to the 1900s. There were more categories of roads, Ministry of Transport road numbers were added, and new recreational features such as Youth Hostels and Golf Courses. Bartholomew’s topographic information was gathered partly from original Ordnance Survey maps, and partly from information sent in to Bartholomew from map users. One important user community for Bartholomew were cyclists. From the 1890s, Bartholomew entered into a formal relationship with the Cyclists’ Touring Club, then numbering around 60,500 cyclists, proposing that club members supplied Bartholomew with up-to-date information. In return, Bartholomew provided the CTC with discounted half-inch maps. The relationship worked very well, turning CTC members into an unofficial surveying army, feeding back reliable and accurate topographical information which Bartholomew would then use to update their maps. You can read more about this and see selected letters from cyclists at: http://digital.nls.uk/bartholomew/duncan-street-explorer/cyclists-touring-club.html.

    Usually Bartholomew made revisions the sheets right up to the time of publication, so the date of publication is the best guide to the approximate date of the features shown on the map. You can view the dates of publication for the series at: https://maps.nls.uk/series/bart_half_great_britain.html

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British Geological Survey (1856). BGS 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 series geological maps [Dataset]. https://metadata.bgs.ac.uk/geonetwork/srv/api/records/120e1002-dcdd-1b22-e063-0937940ae43d
Organization logo

BGS 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 series geological maps

BGS 50k maps

Explore at:
httpAvailable download formats
Dataset updated
1856
Dataset authored and provided by
British Geological Surveyhttps://www.bgs.ac.uk/
License

http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/LimitationsOnPublicAccess/noLimitationshttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/LimitationsOnPublicAccess/noLimitations

Time period covered
1856 - 2015
Area covered
Description

The 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 scale map series are the most useful scale for most purposes. They provide almost complete coverage of onshore Great Britain. The BGS collection of 1:63 360 and 1:50 000 scale maps comprises two map series: - Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 Geological Map Series [New Series]. These maps are based on the Ordnance Survey One-inch New Series topographic basemaps and provide almost complete coverage of England and Wales, with the exception of sheet 180 (Knighton). The quarter-sheets of 1:63 360 Old Series sheets 91 to 110 coincide with sheets 1 to 73 of the New Series maps. These earlier maps often carry two sheet numbers which refer to the Old Series and the New Series. - Geological Survey of Scotland 1:63 360 / 1:50 000 Geological Map Series. These maps are based on the Ordnance Survey First, Second, Third and Fourth editions of the One-inch map of Scotland. The maps used the most recent topographic basemap available at the time. In the Western Isles, one-inch mapping was abandoned and replaced by maps at 1:100 000 scale, which are associated with this series. Sheets were traditionally issued at 1:63 360 scale, with the first 1:50 000 maps appearing in 1972. Sheets at 1:50 000 scale may be either facsimile enlargements of an existing 1:63 360 sheets, or may contain new geology and cartography. The latter bear the additional series designation '1:50 000 series'. Within the Scottish series, new mapping at 1:50 000 scale was split into east and west sheets. For example, the original one-inch sheet 32 became 1:50 000 sheets 32E and 32W. A number of irregular sheets were also introduced with the new 1:50 000 scale mapping. There are a number of irregular special sheets within both series. Geological maps represent a geologist's compiled interpretation of the geology of an area. A geologist will consider the data available at the time, including measurements and observations collected during field campaigns, as well as their knowledge of geological processes and the geological context to create a model of the geology of an area. This model is then fitted to a topographic basemap and drawn up at the appropriate scale, with generalization if necessary, to create a geological map, which is a representation of the geological model. Explanatory notes and vertical and horizontal cross sections may be published with the map. Geological maps may be created to show various aspects of the geology, or themes. The most common map themes held by BGS are solid (later referred to as bedrock) and drift (later referred to as superficial). These maps are, for the most part, hard-copy paper records stored in the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and are delivered as digital scans through the BGS website.

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