Imagine you are sailing down a wide river and observing the changing landscape on either side. Fields give way to forests, tributaries and streams flow into the river, bridges cross over, and you know that one side of the river is managed by a government agency, while the other is subdivided into land ownership parcels of different sizes. The connectedness, adjacency, and proximity between these features can be summed up in one word: topology.Geodatabase topology allows you to define the spatial relationships you want protected in your GIS data. By doing so, no matter how much you edit, twist, bend, or squash your feature data, things stay connected, adjacent, or within the areas they belong. This course is designed to get you started with geodatabase topology.After completing this course, you will be able to:Use visual inspection and topology to identify and correct errors.Build a geodatabase topology.Choose and apply topology rules.

Overview of topology editing workflow in ArcMap.

Download In State Plane Projection Here. ** The Street Centerline feature class now follows the NG911/State of Illinois data specifications including a StreetNameAlias table. The download hyperlink above also contains a full network topology for use with the Esri Network Analyst extension ** These street centerlines were developed for a myriad of uses including E-911, as a cartographic base, and for use in spatial analysis. This coverage should include all public and selected private roads within Lake County, Illinois. Roads are initially entered using recorded documents and then later adjusted using current aerial photography. This dataset should satisfy National Map Accuracy Standards for a 1:1200 product. These centerlines have been provided to the United States Census Bureau and were used to conflate the TIGER road features for Lake County. The Census Bureau evaluated these centerlines and, based on field survey of 109 intersections, determined that there is a 95% confidence level that the coordinate positions in the centerline dataset fall within 1.9 meters of their true ground position. The fields PRE_DIR, ST_NAME, ST_TYPE and SUF_DIR are formatted according to United States Postal Service standards. Update Frequency: This dataset is updated on a weekly basis.

Countywide Surface Topology

This dataset is very large and detailed. As a result, there is no option to download a single dataset of the entire City as a shapefile (.shp) since it would exceed the 2 GB file size limit. If you intend to use this data in a CAD program, you should download the zone(s) in shapefile format and attach the data to your project.

 Download Shapefile by Zone(click on a zone to start the download)



  Zone A





  Zone C


  Zone B





  Zone D

ABSTRACT Watershed delineation, drainage network generation and determination of river hydraulic characteristics are important issues in hydrological sciences. In general, this information can be obtained from Digital Elevation Models (DEM) processing within GIS commercial softwares, such as ArcGIS and IDRISI. On the other hand, the use of open source GIS tools has increased significantly, and their advantages include free distribution, continuous development by user communities and full customization for specific requirements. Herein, we present the IPH-Hydro Tools, an open source tool coupled to MapWindow GIS software designed for watershed topology acquisition, including preprocessing steps in hydrological models such as MGB-IPH. In addition, several tests were carried out assessing the performance and applicability of the developed tool, given by a comparison with available GIS packages (ArcGIS, IDRISI, WhiteBox) for similar purposes. The IPH-Hydro Tools provided satisfactory results on tested applications, allowing for better drainage network and less processing time for catchment delineation. Regarding its limitations, the developed tool was incompatible with huge terrain data and showed some difficulties to represent drainage networks in extensive flat areas, which can occur in reservoirs and large rivers.

Background

The soil map of Israel was first published by Rabinovitch et al. in 1969. It was a massive work that took place 5 years. The map was published in a printed format at a 1:250,000 scale. Until now, a digital version of this map was not available. Accordingly, we carefully digitized the soil map of Rabinovitch and provided the map herein.

Materials and Methods

This dataset contains georeferenced raster layers of the soil map (1:250,000) of Israel published by Ravikovitch (1969). The georectification was done using control points located on the borders of Israel. With this information, it was possible to create polygons over the georeferenced raster layers. This was done using the editing tool of ArcGIS 10.3. For each polygon we assigned the same classification provided by Ravikovitch (1969). Once all the polygons were created, topological corrections were applied using the method of Longley et al., (2015) in order to rectify possible inaccuracies in the digitation. To this end, we used the topology tool of ArcGIS 10.3 applying two rules:

• polygons must not have gaps
• polygons must not overlap.

Following these corrections, the polygons were re-evaluated and further edited where necessary to improve accuracy.

This publication contains:

• the northern and the southern sections of the Israel map of soils after the georectification in geotif format
• the final product of the cartographic edition of the Israel map of soils in shapefile format

Please, if you are going to make use of this map, refer to this work:

Francos, N., Karasik, E., Myers, M., Ben-Dor, E., 2025. Soil type classification using Landsat 8: a comparison between the USDA and a local system in Israel. International Soil and Water Conservation Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2025.03.001

This layer shows the division boundaries for the three sections of contours. Sanborn derived this contour dataset from LiDAR data produced by Dewberry as part of a 2012 Virginia FEMA LiDAR project. The class-2 ground points were used to create a terrain surface with approximate point spacing of 2.5' (equal to the average spacing of the LiDAR class 2 ground points.) No thinning was done to the terrain surface. Using ArcGIS 3D Analyst tools, a 2' interval contour polyine feature class was derived from the terrain surface. Resulting contours were thin simplified, using ArcGIS tools, to remove extraneous vertices from the contours, and the contours were diced. This was done to increase efficiency in using the data for subsequesnt users.

Link to landing page referenced by identifier. Service Protocol: Link to landing page referenced by identifier. Link Function: information-- dc:identifier.

This Administration feature is the single most valuable feature maintained by the GIS Services staff. It combines the maintenance of many individual polygon features in one main overall feature.It is part of a ArcGIS Topology class maintained with our parcel and zoning features in the Editing Feature Data Set.We use the shared editing capabilities of this topology class to leverage our maintenance procedures as simply as possible. Weekly, the individual features maintained with our Administration feature are created with ArcGIS dissolve function. These include Jurisdiction boundaries, Public Safety Response areas, Voting Precincts, Schools Attendance Zones, Inspections, Library Service Zones, and more.Generally, maintenance of this feature is controlled thru shared editing performed with our parcel/zoning edits with the use of the Topology features in ArcGIS. Changes to features maintained in the Administration feature are caused by a number of issues. Parcel edits, new Public Safety Stations, changes in Voting Precincts, Police Reporting districts and other changes occur often. Most changes can be facilitated by selecting one or more “Administrative” polygons and changing the appropriate attribute value. Use of the “Cut Polygon” task may be necessary in those cases where part of a polygon must be changed from a district to another. The appropriate attribute can be changed in the affected area as necessary.

The MassGIS Protected and Recreational OpenSpace data comprise a set of related data layers that represent parklands, forests, golf courses, playgrounds, wildlife sanctuaries, conservation lands, water supply areas, cemeteries, school ball fields, and other open land that may be classified as protected and/or recreational in use. Not all lands in this layer are protected in perpetuity, though nearly all have at least some level of protection. The layer includes lands owned by the state, cities and towns, federal agencies, and private and non-profit entities. The following types of land are included in this polygon datalayer: - conservation land - habitat protection with minimal recreation, such as walking trails - recreation land - outdoor facilities such as town parks, commons, playing fields, school fields, golf courses, bike paths, scout camps, and fish and game clubs. These may be privately or publicly owned facilities. - town forests - parkways - green buffers along roads, if they are a recognized conservation resource - agricultural land - land protected under an Agricultural Preservation Restriction (APR) and administered by the state Department of Agricultural Resources (DAR, formerly the Dept. of Food and Agriculture (DFA)) - aquifer protection land - not zoning overlay districts - watershed protection land - not zoning overlay districts - cemeteries - if a recognized conservation or recreation resource - forest land -- if designated as a Forest Legacy Area The OpenSpace layer includes two feature classes: * OPENSPACE_POLY - polygons of recreational and conservation lands as described above * OPENSPACE_ARC - attributed lines that represent boundaries of the polygons These feature classes are stored in a feature dataset named OPENSPACE that includes ArcGIS geodatabase topology.

The geographic data are built from the Technical Information Management System (TIMS). TIMS consists of two separate databases: an attribute database and a spatial database. The attribute information for offshore activities is stored in the TIMS database. The spatial database is a combination of the ARC/INFO and FINDER databases and contains all the coordinates and topology information for geographic features. The attribute and spatial databases are interconnected through the use of common data elements in both databases, thereby creating the spatial datasets. The data in the mapping files are made up of straight-line segments. If an arc existed in the original data, it has been replaced with a series of straight lines that approximate the arc. The Gulf of America OCS Region stores all its mapping data in longitude and latitude format. All coordinates are in NAD 27. Data can be obtained in three types of digital formats: INTERACTIVE MAP: The ArcGIS web maps are an interactive display of geographic information, containing a basemap, a set of data layers (many of which include interactive pop-up windows with information about the data), an extent, navigation tools to pan and zoom, and additional tools for geospatial analysis. SHP: A Shapefile is a digital vector (non-topological) storage format for storing geometric _location and associated attribute information. Shapefiles can support point, line, and area features with attributes held in a dBASE format file. GEODATABASE: An ArcGIS geodatabase is a collection of geographic datasets of various types held in a common file system folder, a Microsoft Access database, or a multiuser relational DBMS (such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, Informix, or IBM DB2). The geodatabase is the native data structure for ArcGIS and is the primary data format used for editing and data management.

Unincorporated Urban Growth Areas (UGA) as defined by the Growth Management Act (GMA). The annual update is conducted by collecting UGA polygons directly from each of Washington's 39 counties. As of 2025, there are 27 counties with UGAs.All UGA polygons are normalized against the Department of Revenue's (DOR) "City Boundaries" layer (shared to the Washington Geoportal a.k.a. the GIS Open Data site: geo.wa.gov). The City Boundaries layer was processed into this UGA layer such that any overlapping area of UGA polygons (from authoritative individual counties) was erased. Since DOR polygons and county-sourced UGA polygons do not have perfect topology, many slivers resulted after the erase operation. These are attempted to be irradicated by these processing steps. "Multipart To Singlepart" Esri tool; exploded all polygons to be individualSlivers were mathematically identified using a 4 acre area threshold and a 0.3 "thinness ratio" threshold as described by Esri's "Polygon Sliver" tool. These slivers are merged into the neighboring features using Esri's "Eliminate" tool.Polygons that are less than 5,000 sq. ft. and not part of a DOR city (CITY_NM = Null) were also merged via the "Eliminate" tool. (many very small slivers were manually found yet mathematically did not meet the thinness ratio threshold)The final 8 polygons less than 25 sq. ft. were manually deleted (also slivers but were not lined up against another feature and missed by the "Eliminate" tool runs)Dissolved all features back to multipart using all fieldsAll UGAs polygons remaining are unincorporated areas beyond the city limits. Any polygon with CITY_NM populated originated from the DOR "City Boundaries" layer. The DOR's City Boundaries are updated quarterly by DOR. For the purposes of this UGA layer, the city boundaries was downloaded one time (4/24/2025) and will not be updated quarterly. Therefore, if precise city limits are required by any user of UGA boundaries, please refer to the city boundaries layer and conduct any geoprocessing needed. The DOR's "City Boundaries" layer is available here:https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=69fcb668dc8d49ea8010b6e33e42a13aData is updated in conjunction with the annual statewide parcel layer update. Latest update completed April 2025.

City of Cambridge, MA, GIS basemap development project encompasses the land area of City of Cambridge with a 200-foot fringe surrounding the area and Charles River shoreline towards Boston. The basemap data was developed at 1" = 40' mapping scale using digital photogrammetric techniques. Planimetric features; both man-made and natural features like vegetation, rivers have been depicted. These features are important to all GIS/mapping applications and publication. A set of data layers such as Buildings, Roads, Rivers, Utility structures, 1 ft interval contours are developed and represented in the geodatabase. The features are labeled and coded in order to represent specific feature class for thematic representation and topology between the features is maintained for an accurate representation at the 1:40 mapping scale for both publication and analysis. The basemap data has been developed using procedures designed to produce data to the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) and is intended for use at 1" = 40 ' mapping scale. Where applicable, the vertical datum is NAVD1988.Explore all our data on the Cambridge GIS Data Dictionary.Attributes NameType DetailsDescription Comment type: Stringwidth: 50precision: 0 No comments are populated

EditDate type: Stringwidth: 4precision: 0

BY USING THIS WEBSITE OR THE CONTENT THEREIN, YOU AGREE TO THE TERMS OF USE. A spatial representation of a subset of parcel features that contain special use characteristics. This polygon feature class is maintained in a geodatabase using topology with the TaxParcel feature class. The key attribute is AccessType, which describes the type of access (Prescriptive, Dedicated, or Private) on the feature.

US House Districts: The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress which, along with the Senate, composes the legislature of the United States. The House is composed of representatives who sit in congressional districts which are allocated to each of the 50 states on a basis of population as measured by the U.S. Census, with each district entitled one representative. US House of Representatives districts are maintained within the Administration Feature and is dissolved out weekly.Administration is a polygon feature consisting of the smallest statistical areas bounded by visible features such as roads, streams, railroad tracks, and mountain ridges, as well as by nonvisible boundaries such as jurisdictional limits, school district, public safety boundaries, voting precincts, and census blocks. This methodology allows for single stream editing to move coincidental boundaries across many aggregate datasets simultaneously. Administration is maintained though an ArcGIS topology class in conjunction with County Parcels and Zoning. The topology prevents self-intersection and gaps, while ensuring complete coverage amongst the participating features.

City of Cambridge, MA, GIS basemap development project encompasses the land area of City of Cambridge with a 200-foot fringe surrounding the area and Charles River shoreline towards Boston. The basemap data was developed at 1" = 40' mapping scale using digital photogrammetric techniques. Planimetric features; both man-made and natural features like vegetation, rivers have been depicted. These features are important to all GIS/mapping applications and publication. A set of data layers such as Buildings, Roads, Rivers, Utility structures, 1 ft interval contours are developed and represented in the geodatabase. The features are labeled and coded in order to represent specific feature class for thematic representation and topology between the features is maintained for an accurate representation at the 1:40 mapping scale for both publication and analysis. The basemap data has been developed using procedures designed to produce data to the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) and is intended for use at 1" = 40 ' mapping scale. Where applicable, the vertical datum is NAVD1988.Explore all our data on the Cambridge GIS Data Dictionary.Attributes NameType DetailsDescription TYPE type: Stringwidth: 50precision: 0 All types are flight of stairs (plaza stairs in layer plazas)

TOP_GL type: Doublewidth: 8precision: 38 Elevation of highest point above ground level (NAVD88)

ELEV_SL type: Doublewidth: 8precision: 38 Elevation of stairs above sea level (NAVD88)

TOP_SL type: Doublewidth: 8precision: 38 Elevation of highest point above sea level (NAVD88)

BASE_ELEV type: Doublewidth: 8precision: 38 Base elevation of structure (NAVD88)

STAIR_TYPE type: Stringwidth: 10precision: 0 Building or walkway

ELEV_GL type: Doublewidth: 8precision: 38 Elevation of roofline edge above ground level (NAVD88)

Abstract

This dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.

This dataset was sourced from the Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines in 2012. Information provided by the Department describes the dataset as follows:

This data was originally provided on DVD and contains the converted shapefiles, layer files, raster images and project .mxd files used on the Queensland geology and structural framework map. The maps were done in ArcGIS 9.3.1 and the data stored in file geodatabases, topology created and validated. This provides greater data quality by performing topological validation on the feature's spatial relationships. For the purposes of the DVD, shapefiles were created from the file geodatabases and for MapInfo users MapInfo .tab and .wor files. The shapefiles on the DVD are a revision of the 1975 Queensland geology data, and are both are available for display, query and download on the department's online GIS application.

The Queensland geology map is a digital representation of the distribution or extent of geological units within Queensland. In the GIS, polygons have a range of attributes including unit name, type of unit, age, lithological description, dominant rock type, and an abbreviated symbol for use in labelling the polygons. The lines in this dataset are a digital representation of the position of the boundaries of geological units and other linear features such as faults and folds. The lines are attributed with a description of the type of line represented. Approximately 2000 rock units were grouped into the 250 map units in this data set. The digital data was generalised and simplified from the Department's detailed geological data and was captured at 1:500 000 scale for output at 1:2 000 000 scale.

In the ESRI version, a layer file is provided which presents the units in the colours and patterns used on the printed hard copy map. For Map Info users, a simplified colour palette is provided without patterns. However a georeferenced image of the hard copy map is included and can be displayed as a background in both Arc Map and Map Info.

The geological framework of Queensland is classified by structural or tectonic unit (provinces and basins) in which the rocks formed. These are referred to as basins (or in some cases troughs and depressions) where the original form and structure are still apparent. Provinces (and subprovinces) are generally older basins that have been strongly tectonised and/or metamorphosed so that the original basin extent and form are no longer preserved. Note that intrusive and some related volcanic rocks that overlap these provinces and basins have not been included in this classification. The map was compiled using boundaries modified and generalised from the 1:2 000 000 Queensland Geology map (2012). Outlines of subsurface basins are also shown and these are based on data and published interpretations from petroleum exploration and geophysical surveys (seismic, gravity and magnetics).

For the structural framework dataset, two versions are provided. In QLD_STRUCTURAL_FRAMEWORK, polygons are tagged with the name of the surface structural unit, and names of underlying units are imbedded in a text string in the HIERARCHY field. In QLD_STRUCTURAL_FRAMEWORK_MULTI_POLYS, the data is structured into a series of overlapping, multi-part polygons, one for each structural unit. Two layer files are provided with the ESRI data, one where units are symbolised by name. Because the dataset has been designed for units display in the order of superposition, this layer file assigns colours to the units that occur at the surface with concealed units being left uncoloured. Another layer file symbolises them by the orogen of which they are part. A similar set of palettes has been provided for Map Info.

Dataset History

Details on the source data can be found in the xml file associated with data layer.

Data in this release

*ESRI.shp and MapInfo .tab files of rock unit polygons and lines with associated layer attributes of Queensland geology

*ESRI.shp and MapInfo .tab files of structural unit polygons and lines with associated layer attributes of structural framework

*ArcMap .mxd and .lyr files and MapInfo .wor files containing symbology

*Georeferenced Queensland geology map, gravity and magnetic images

*Queensland geology map, structural framework and schematic diagram PDF files

*Data supplied in geographical coordinates (latitude/longitude) based on Geocentric Datum of Australia - GDA94

Accessing the data

Programs exist for the viewing and manipulation of the digital spatial data contained on this DVD. Accessing the digital datasets will require GIS software. The following GIS viewers can be downloaded from the internet. ESRI ArcExplorer can be found by a search of www.esriaustralia.com.au and MapInfo ProViewer by a search on www.pbinsight.com.au collectively ("the websites").

Metadata

Metadata is contained in .htm files placed in the root folder of each vector data folder. For ArcMap users metadata for viewing in ArcCatalog is held in an .xml file with each shapefile within the ESRI Shapefile folders.

Disclaimer

The State of Queensland is not responsible for the privacy practices or the content of the websites and makes no statements, representations, or warranties about the content or accuracy or completeness of, any information or products contained on the websites.

Despite our best efforts, the State of Queensland makes no warranties that the information or products available on the websites are free from infection by computer viruses or other contamination.

The State of Queensland disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all expenses, losses, damages and costs you might incur as a result of accessing the websites or using the products available on the websites in any way, and for any reason.

The State of Queensland has included the websites in this document as an information source only. The State of Queensland does not promote or endorse the websites or the programs contained on them in any way.

WARNING: The Queensland Government and the Department of Natural Resources and Mines accept no liability for and give no undertakings, guarantees or warranties concerning the accuracy, completeness or fitness for the purposes of the information provided. The consumer must take all responsible steps to protect the data from unauthorised use, reproduction, distribution or publication by other parties.

Please view the 'readme.html' and 'licence.html' file for further, more complete information

Dataset Citation

Geological Survey of Queensland (2012) Queensland geology and structural framework - GIS data July 2012. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 07 December 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/69da6301-04c1-4993-93c1-4673f3e22762.

The TIGER/Line Files are shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) that are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). The MTDB represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts, however, each TIGER/Line File is designed to stand alone as an independent data set, or they can be combined to cover the entire nation. Face refers to the areal (polygon) topological primitives that make up MTDB. A face is bounded by one or more edges; its boundary includes only the edges that separate it from other faces, not any interior edges contained within the area of the face. The Topological Faces Shapefile contains the attributes of each topological primitive face. Each face has a unique topological face identifier (TFID) value. Each face in the shapefile includes the key geographic area codes for almost all geographic areas for which the Census Bureau tabulates data for both the 2010 Census and Census 2000. The geometries of each of these geographic areas can then be built by dissolving the face geometries on the appropriate key geographic area codes in the Topological Faces Shapefile.

This feature dataset includes feature classes for Surface Management Status and Federal Mineral Estate for Wyoming. This dataset is intended to represent the ownership & management information on BLM Master Title Plats(MTPs). Surface management will be identified by the Agency of Jurisdiction, when the surface is Federal. All other lands will be identified as either Private, Local Government, Wind River Indian Reservation (for tribal lands), State, State Parks & Historic Sites, University of Wyoming, or Wyoming Game & Fish Department. Private parcels do not identify the name of the individual owner. Mineral estate identifies only the Federal mineral interest. The feature dataset also includes topology rules established by the BLM Surface Management Agency National Data Standard. Updates for the June 2016 version includes multiple correction surface and mineral status, as well as conformance with the most recent version of CadNSDI PLSS data (current to June 6, 2016).