In the academic year of 2023/2024, there were a total of ******* Indian graduate students studying in the United States, making it the leading country for international graduate students in that year. China, South Korea, Bangladesh, and Nigeria rounded out the top five countries for international graduate students studying in the United States.

In the academic year 2023/24, there were 331,602 international students from India studying in the United States. International students The majority of international students studying in the United States are originally from India and China, totaling 331,602 students and 277,398 students respectively in the 2023/24 school year. In 2022/23, there were 467,027 international graduate students , which accounted for over one third of the international students in the country. Typically, engineering and math & computer science programs were among the most common fields of study for these students. The United States is home to many world-renowned schools, most notably, the Ivy League Colleges which provide education that is sought after by both foreign and local students. International students and college Foreign students in the United States pay some of the highest fees in the United States, with an average of 24,914 U.S. dollars. American students attending a college in New England paid an average of 14,900 U.S. dollars for tuition alone and there were about 79,751 international students in Massachusetts . Among high-income families, U.S. students paid an average of 34,700 U.S. dollars for college, whereas the average for all U.S. families reached only 28,026 U.S. dollars. Typically, 40 percent of families paid for college tuition through parent income and savings, while 29 percent relied on grants and scholarships.

A total of ****** Chinese students were enrolled in an undergraduate course in the United States in the academic year of 2023/24, making it the country with the most international students in the United States. India, South Korea, Vietnam, and Canada rounded out the top five countries for international students in that year.

This Cost of International Education dataset compiles detailed financial information for students pursuing higher education abroad. It covers multiple countries, cities, and universities around the world, capturing the full tuition and living expenses spectrum alongside key ancillary costs. With standardized fields such as tuition in USD, living-cost indices, rent, visa fees, insurance, and up-to-date exchange rates, it enables comparative analysis across programs, degree levels, and geographies. Whether you’re a prospective international student mapping out budgets, an educational consultant advising on affordability, or a researcher studying global education economics, this dataset offers a comprehensive foundation for data-driven insights.

Description

Potential Uses

• Budget Planning Prospective students can filter by country, program level, or university to forecast total expenses and compare across destinations.
• Policy Analysis Educational policymakers and NGOs can assess the affordability of international education and design support programs.
• Economic Research Economists can correlate living-cost indices and tuition levels with enrollment rates or student demographics.
• University Benchmarking Institutions can benchmark their fees and ancillary costs against peer universities worldwide.

Notes on Data Collection & Quality

• Currency Conversions All monetary values are unified to USD using contemporaneous exchange rates to facilitate direct comparison.
• Living Cost Index Derived from reputable city-index publications (e.g., Numbeo, Mercer) to standardize disparate cost-of-living metrics.
• Data Currency Exchange rates and fee schedules should be periodically updated to reflect market fluctuations and policy changes.

Feel free to explore, visualize, and extend this dataset for deeper insights into the true cost of studying abroad!

There were 30,610 American students studying in Italy in the academic year of 2021/2022, making it the most popular study abroad destination in that year. The United Kingdom, Spain, France, and Germany rounded out the top five countries for study abroad in that academic year. A ranking of the most spoken languages across the world can be accessed here.

In the academic year 2023/2024, there were ***** non-degree-seeking international students from China studying in the United States, making it the leading country for non-degree students in that year. Japan, South Korea, Germany, and France rounded out the top five countries for non-degree seeking international students.

Debates about migration are often in the news. People quote numbers about how many people are entering and leaving different countries. Governments need to plan and manage public resources based on how their own populations are changing.

Informed discussions and effective policymaking rely on good migration data. But how much do we really know about migration, and where do estimates come from?

In this article, I look at how countries and international agencies define different forms of migration, how they estimate the number of people moving in and out of countries, and how accurate these estimates are.

Migrants without legal status make up a small portion of the overall immigrant population. Most high-income countries and some middle-income ones have a solid understanding of how many immigrants live there. Tracking the exact flows of people moving in and out is trickier, but governments can reliably monitor long-term trends to understand the bigger picture.

Who is considered an international migrant? In the United Nations statistics, an international migrant is defined as “a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for at least a year, so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence”.1

For example, an Argentinian person who spends nine months studying in the United States wouldn’t count as a long-term immigrant in the US. But an Argentinian person who moves to the US for two years would. Even if someone gains citizenship in their new country, they are still considered an immigrant in migration statistics.

The same applies in reverse for emigrants: someone leaving their home country for more than a year is considered a long-term emigrant for the country they’ve left. This does not change if they acquire citizenship in another country. Some national governments may have definitions that differ from the UN recommendations.

What about illegal migration? “Illegal migration” refers to the movement of people outside the legal rules for entering or leaving a country. There isn’t a single agreed-upon definition, but it generally involves people who breach immigration laws. Some refer to this as irregular or unauthorized migration.

There are three types of migrants who don’t have a legal immigration status. First, those who cross borders without the right legal permissions. Second, those who enter a country legally but stay after their visa or permission expires. Third, some migrants have legal permission to stay but work in violation of employment restrictions — for example, students who work more hours than their visa allows.

Tracking illegal migration is difficult. In regions with free movement, like the European Union, it’s particularly challenging. For example, someone could move from Germany to France, live there without registering, and go uncounted in official migration records.2 The rise of remote work has made it easier for people to live in different countries without registering as employees or taxpayers.

Study Abroad Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global study abroad market size reached USD 130.7 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand and increasing student mobility worldwide. The market is projected to expand at a steady CAGR of 9.2% from 2025 to 2033, ultimately reaching an estimated USD 288.9 billion by 2033. This significant growth is fueled by factors such as rising internationalization of education, increased government initiatives, and the growing recognition of global exposure as a key differentiator in career advancement.

A primary driver for the expansion of the study abroad market is the globalization of the higher education sector. Educational institutions across the globe are forming partnerships, exchange programs, and dual-degree offerings to attract a diverse student body. This trend is especially prominent in regions such as North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific, where universities are investing in international recruitment and marketing. The proliferation of English-taught programs in non-native English-speaking countries has also lowered language barriers, making international education more accessible. Additionally, the increasing availability of scholarships and financial aid is enabling students from a wider range of socioeconomic backgrounds to pursue studies abroad, further fueling market growth.

Technological advancements have also played a pivotal role in shaping the study abroad market. The rise of digital platforms and virtual counseling services has streamlined the application and admissions process, making it easier for students to research, apply, and gain acceptance into foreign institutions. Edtech companies and online aggregators are providing personalized guidance, document management, and visa assistance, reducing the friction traditionally associated with cross-border education. These innovations have not only increased the reach of study abroad programs but have also enhanced the overall student experience, leading to higher satisfaction rates and positive word-of-mouth referrals.

Furthermore, the evolving needs of the global workforce are influencing studentsÂ’ decisions to study abroad. Employers increasingly value international experience, cross-cultural competencies, and language proficiency, making overseas education an attractive proposition for career-oriented individuals. The demand for specialized programs in STEM, business, and emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and sustainability is also driving students to seek out institutions renowned for their expertise in these areas. Governments in major destination countries are responding by offering post-study work opportunities and streamlined immigration pathways, further incentivizing students to choose international education as a stepping stone to global careers.

Regionally, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as both a significant source and destination market for international students. Countries like China and India are leading contributors to outbound student mobility, while also investing in their own higher education infrastructure to attract foreign students. North America and Europe continue to dominate as preferred destinations due to the presence of world-class institutions and favorable post-graduation employment opportunities. However, emerging destinations in Asia and the Middle East are gaining traction by offering competitive tuition rates, innovative programs, and vibrant cultural experiences. This dynamic regional interplay is expected to shape the future trajectory of the study abroad market.

As universities strive to enhance their global presence and operational efficiency, the concept of University Mission Operations Outsourcing is gaining traction. This approach allows educational institutions to focus on their core mission of teaching and research while outsourcing non-core activities such as administrative services, IT support, and facility management to specialized providers. By leveraging the expertise of third-party vendors, universities can achieve cost savings, improve service quality, and adapt more swiftly to changing educational demands. This trend is particularly relevant in the context of increasing competition for international students, as streamlined operations can enhance the overall student experience and institutio

International Student Accident Insurance Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global International Student Accident Insurance market size reached USD 2.34 billion in 2024, reflecting the increasing need for comprehensive protection among students studying abroad. The market is projected to grow at a robust CAGR of 8.3% during the forecast period, reaching an estimated USD 4.61 billion by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by the surge in international student mobility, heightened awareness of health and safety risks, and the tightening of institutional and governmental insurance requirements for foreign enrollees.

The primary growth factor for the International Student Accident Insurance market is the sustained rise in global student mobility. In 2024, over 6.5 million students were studying outside their home countries, a number expected to climb steadily in the coming years. This trend is fueled by the globalization of education, the proliferation of exchange programs, and the increasing aspirations of students to acquire international exposure. With students facing diverse risks in unfamiliar environments—ranging from accidents and sudden illnesses to complex emergency situations—the demand for specialized accident insurance products tailored to their needs has intensified. Universities and governments worldwide are mandating insurance coverage for international students, further bolstering market expansion.

Another significant driver is the evolving regulatory landscape and the growing emphasis on student safety and well-being. Countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and several European nations require proof of adequate health and accident insurance as a precondition for student visa issuance. This regulatory push has prompted educational institutions to partner with insurance providers, ensuring that students are adequately protected against unforeseen medical and accidental contingencies. The increasing frequency of global health crises, natural disasters, and geopolitical uncertainties has also heightened the perceived value of accident insurance, prompting both students and their families to prioritize comprehensive coverage.

Technological advancements and the digitalization of insurance distribution are further catalyzing market growth. The proliferation of online platforms, mobile applications, and digital payment systems has simplified the process of purchasing, renewing, and managing insurance policies for international students. Insurers are leveraging artificial intelligence, data analytics, and automated claims processing to enhance customer experience, reduce administrative overhead, and expedite claim settlements. These innovations are making accident insurance products more accessible, transparent, and tailored to the unique needs of international students, thereby expanding the addressable market and improving retention rates.

Regionally, North America and Europe dominate the International Student Accident Insurance market, together accounting for over 60% of global revenues in 2024. This regional dominance is attributed to the high influx of international students, stringent regulatory requirements, and the presence of established insurance providers. However, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as the fastest-growing market, driven by the rapid expansion of higher education institutions, increasing outbound student flows, and the rising adoption of Western insurance practices. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing steady growth, albeit from a smaller base, as governments and institutions in these regions increasingly recognize the importance of student protection.

Coverage Type Analysis

The Coverage Type segment within the International Student Accident Insurance market is highly diversified, reflecting the broad spectrum of risks faced by students abroad. Medical Expenses coverage remains the cor

There were 1,126,690 international students studying in the United States in the 2023/24 academic year. This is an increase from the previous year, when 1,057,188 international students were studying in the United States.

United States US: International Tourism: Number of Arrivals data was reported at 75,608,000.000 Person in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 77,465,000.000 Person for 2015. United States US: International Tourism: Number of Arrivals data is updated yearly, averaging 51,107,500.000 Person from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2016, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 77,465,000.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 41,218,000.000 Person in 2003. United States US: International Tourism: Number of Arrivals data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Tourism Statistics. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.; ; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; Gap-filled total;

The United States' total Imports in 2024 were valued at US$3.36 Trillion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. The United States' main import partners were: Mexico, China and Canada. The top three import commodities were: Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers; Electrical, electronic equipment and Vehicles other than railway, tramway. Total Exports were valued at US$2.06 Trillion. In 2024, The United States had a trade deficit of US$1.29 Trillion.

Countries by Gross National Income (GNI)

Economic health by nation

About this dataset

Gross National Income (GNI) is a marker of the economic health of a nation - it encompasses a nation's GDP while also taking into account money flowing in and out of the country from foreign trade. This dataset provides GNI rankings for countries around the world, allowing for comparisons of economic health and growth. Explore how different nations fare in terms of GNI, and what this says about their overall economic stability!

How to use the dataset

The Gross National Income (GNI) of countries around the world is a measure of the economic health of a nation. It is a summation of a nation's GDP (Gross Domestic Product) plus the money flowing into and out of the country from foreign countries.

This dataset provides Rankings of countries by their GNI. The data is divided into two files: df_1.csv and df_2.csv. Both files contain the following columns:

No.: The number of the country. (Numeric)

Country: The name of the country. (String)

Research Ideas

• Measuring the economic health of a nation
• Comparing the GDP of different countries
• Determining the money flow into and out of a country

Acknowledgements

GNI data is sourced from wikipedia

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: df_1.csv

File: df_4.csv | Column name | Description | |:----------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------| | No. | The rank of the country based on GNI. (Numeric) | | Country | The name of the country. (String) | | GNI (Atlas method)[8] | The GNI of the country, in US dollars. (Numeric) | | GNI (Atlas method)[8].1 | The GNI of the country, as a percentage of the world total. (Numeric) | | GNI[9] | The GNI of the country, in US dollars. (Numeric) | | GNI[9].1 | The GNI of the country, as a percentage of the world total. (Numeric) | | GDP[10] | The GDP of the country, in US dollars. (Numeric) |

File: df_9.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:----------------------| | 0 | Country Name (String) | | 1 | GNI (Integer) |

File: df_3.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:----------------------| | 0 | Country Name (String) |

File: df_2.csv

File: df_6.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------| | Rank | The rank of the country based on GNI. (Numeric) | | 2021 | The GNI of the country in 2021. (Numeric) | | 2021.1 | The GNI of the country in 2021, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2016 | The GNI of the country in 2016. (Numeric) | | 2016.1 | The GNI of the country in 2016, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2014 | The GNI of the country in 2014. (Numeric) | | 2014.1 | The GNI of the country in 2014, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2013 | The GNI of the country in 2013. (Numeric) | | 2013.1 | The GNI of the country in 2013, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2012 | The GNI of the country in 2012. (Numeric) | | 2012.1 | The GNI of the country in 2012, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2011 | The GNI of the country in 2011. (Numeric) | | 2011.1 | The GNI of the country in 2011, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2010 | The GNI of the country in 2010. (Numeric) | | 2010.1 | The GNI of the country in 2010, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2009 | The GNI of the country in 2009. (Numeric) | | 2009.1 | The GNI of the country in 2009, adjusted for inflation. (Numeric) | | 2008 | The GNI of the country in 2008. (Numeric) | | 2008.1 | The GNI of the country in 200...

Explore the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2026 below. Trusted worldwide by students, academics, governments and industry experts, the list of the best universities in the world includes 2,191 institutions from 115 countries and territories.

Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: USD: Total: US Virgin Islands data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2022. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: USD: Total: US Virgin Islands data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2023, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2023. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: USD: Total: US Virgin Islands data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Position: USD: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment:Reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) cannot be identified but is believed to be extremely rare. Netting of reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. In the case of Canada, any extension of loans by the DIE to its parent is netted out from inward and outward transactions and positions, regardless of the DIE's equity ownership in its parent. Treatment of debt transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: asset/liability basis. FDI transactions and positions by partner country and by industry include resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs), which cannot yet be reported separately. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Book value .; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered except in outward FDI positions. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. Non-profit institutions serving households are covered as direct investors. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: % of Total (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Total: US Virgin Islands data was reported at 0.000 % in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 % for 2022. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: % of Total (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Total: US Virgin Islands data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2023, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % in 2023 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2023. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Outward: % of Total (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Total: US Virgin Islands data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment: % of Total FDI: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment:Reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) cannot be identified but is believed to be extremely rare. Netting of reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. In the case of Canada, any extension of loans by the DIE to its parent is netted out from inward and outward transactions and positions, regardless of the DIE's equity ownership in its parent. Treatment of debt transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: asset/liability basis. FDI transactions and positions by partner country and by industry include resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs), which cannot yet be reported separately. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Book value .; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered except in outward FDI positions. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. Non-profit institutions serving households are covered as direct investors. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: United States data was reported at 35.050 USD bn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 35.261 USD bn for 2022. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: United States data is updated yearly, averaging 24.383 USD bn from Dec 2011 (Median) to 2023, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.261 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 13.363 USD bn in 2012. Canada CA: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: United States data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Income: USD: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment:Reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) cannot be identified but is believed to be extremely rare. Netting of reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. In the case of Canada, any extension of loans by the DIE to its parent is netted out from inward and outward transactions and positions, regardless of the DIE's equity ownership in its parent. Treatment of debt transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: asset/liability basis. FDI transactions and positions by partner country and by industry include resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs), which cannot yet be reported separately. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book values. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Book value .; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered except in outward FDI positions. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. Non-profit institutions serving households are covered as direct investors. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

The European Union's total Imports in 2024 were valued at US$2.64 Trillion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. The European Union's main import partners were: China, the United States and the United Kingdom. The top three import commodities were: Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products; Electrical, electronic equipment and Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers. Total Exports were valued at US$2.80 Trillion. In 2024, The European Union had a trade surplus of US$159.68 Billion.

Colleges and universities in the United States are still a popular study destination for Chinese students, with around 277 thousand choosing to take courses there in the 2023/24 academic year. Although numbers were heavily affected by the coronavirus pandemic, China is still the leading source of international students in the U.S. education market, accounting for 24.6 percent of all incoming students. The education exodus Mathematics and computer science courses led the field in terms of what Chinese students were studying in the United States, followed by engineering and business & management programs. The vast majority of Chinese students were self-funded, wth the remainder receiving state-funding to complete their overseas studies. Tuition fees can run into the tens of thousands of U.S. dollars, as foreign students usually pay out-of-state tuition fees. What about the local situation? Although studying abroad attracts many Chinese students, the country itself boasts the largest state-run education system in the world. With modernization of the national tertiary education system being a top priority for the Chinese government, the country has seen a significant increase in the number of local universities over the last decade. Enrolments in these universities exceeded 37 million in 2023, and a record of more than ten million students graduated in the same year, indicating that China's education market is still expanding.