The value of government net debt in India in March 2025 was forecasted to be over *** trillion Indian rupees, an increase from around *** trillion rupees in March 2020. The government debt is estimated to reach over *** trillion in 2030.

India recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 81.59 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2023. This dataset provides - India Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about India National Government Debt

• India National Government Debt reached 2,144.6 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 2,113.5 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• India National Government Debt data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1998 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,144.6 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 232.8 USD bn in Dec 1998.

CEIC converts quarterly Government Debt into USD. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about India National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, India Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 4.6 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 58.3 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• India Nominal GDP reached 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about India External Debt

• India External Debt reached 711.8 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 682.2 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• India External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Sep 1999 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 711.8 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 96.4 USD bn in Sep 2000.

Related information about India External Debt

• In the latest reports of India, Current Account recorded a deficit of 11.2 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 5.0 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• India Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 7.3 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 19.8 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The statistic shows the national debt in India from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt of India amounted to about 81.23 percent of the gross domestic product. India’s economy on the rise India is one of the most populous countries in the world, and although a large share of inhabitants are living below the poverty line – or probably due to this fact –, the country’s economy is growing steadily. India’s GDP growth is expected to remain steady at more than 7 percent for the next few years, which is almost double that of the global GDP, and both GDP and GDP per capita are expected to increase significantly. Almost half of India’s workforce is employed in the agricultural sector, but services and industry share the other half quite equally. India’s GDP is mostly generated by the services sector, which includes transport, retailing, and offering services in the hospitality and tourism industry. India’s trade balance has been in the red for a decade now, but seems to recover slowly. A trade deficit usually means that a country’s import costs are higher than the amount of money generated with exporting goods. India’s imports could not be compensated for by the country’s exports, as imports have been consistently, even if only slightly, higher over the years both in terms of volume and value. Still, all signs point to India’s economy growing and thriving, reducing India’s debt (as seen above) and unemployment rate, enabling the inhabitants to create a better life for themselves.

India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: Government Securities data was reported at 108,194,720.000 INR mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 106,924,720.000 INR mn for Jan 2025. India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: Government Securities data is updated monthly, averaging 39,196,640.000 INR mn from Apr 2005 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 239 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 108,194,720.000 INR mn in Feb 2025 and a record low of 9,019,979.800 INR mn in Apr 2005. India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: Government Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Clearing Corporation of India Limited. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table IN.ZD011: The Clearing Corporation of India Limited (CCIL): Outstanding Government Debt.

Key information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• India Government debt accounted for 57.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 57.1 % in the previous quarter.
• India government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2012 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 58.8 % in Sep 2023 and a record low of 44.6 % in Dec 2018.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, India National Government Debt reached 2,144.6 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about India Total Loans

• India Total Loans was reported at 2,048.209 USD bn in Dec 2024
• This records an increase from the previous number of 2,037.410 USD bn for Sep 2024
• India Total Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 898.708 USD bn from Dec 1998 to Dec 2024, with 105 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,048.209 USD bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 82.701 USD bn in Dec 1998
• India Total Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Total Loans: USD: Quarterly

CEIC converts quarterly Total Loans into USD. The Reserve Bank of India provides Total Loans in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Total Loans cover lenders as Scheduled Commercial Banks.

India FII/FPI Investments: Government Securities: Total Investment: State Development Loans: Long Term data was reported at 0.000 INR mn in 15 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 INR mn for 14 May 2025. India FII/FPI Investments: Government Securities: Total Investment: State Development Loans: Long Term data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 INR mn from Jul 2017 (Median) to 15 May 2025, with 1918 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 INR mn in 15 May 2025 and a record low of 0.000 INR mn in 15 May 2025. India FII/FPI Investments: Government Securities: Total Investment: State Development Loans: Long Term data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Securities Depository Limited. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table IN.ZA020: Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPI) Investment: Debt Utilisation Status.

India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: State Development Loans data was reported at 60,906,220.000 INR mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 60,002,550.000 INR mn for Jan 2025. India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: State Development Loans data is updated monthly, averaging 12,730,780.000 INR mn from Apr 2005 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 239 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 60,906,220.000 INR mn in Feb 2025 and a record low of 2,180,756.500 INR mn in Apr 2005. India CCIL: Outstanding Government Debt: State Development Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Clearing Corporation of India Limited. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table IN.ZD011: The Clearing Corporation of India Limited (CCIL): Outstanding Government Debt. State Development Loans do not include Power Bonds

India State Government : Disbursements: Loans and Advances data was reported at 859,794.006 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 668,913.493 INR mn for 2024. India State Government : Disbursements: Loans and Advances data is updated yearly, averaging 91,230.000 INR mn from Mar 1971 (Median) to 2025, with 55 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,178,658.454 INR mn in 2017 and a record low of 4,910.000 INR mn in 1971. India State Government : Disbursements: Loans and Advances data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FC001: State Government: Receipts and Disbursements.

State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jharkhand: Loans from Centre data was reported at 206,867.000 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 164,172.000 INR mn for 2024. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jharkhand: Loans from Centre data is updated yearly, averaging 23,390.200 INR mn from Mar 2013 (Median) to 2025, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 206,867.000 INR mn in 2025 and a record low of 20,900.000 INR mn in 2016. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jharkhand: Loans from Centre data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FC011: State Government: Outstanding Liabilities.

Key information about Pakistan Total Loans

• Pakistan Total Loans was reported at 51.850 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 56.027 USD bn for Dec 2024
• Pakistan Total Loans data is updated monthly, averaging 42.223 USD bn from Sep 2007 to Jan 2025, with 209 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 60.190 USD bn in May 2018 and a record low of 34.697 USD bn in Aug 2013
• Pakistan Total Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Total Loans: USD: Monthly

CEIC converts monthly Total Loans into USD. The State Bank of Pakistan provides Total Loans in local currency. The State Bank of Pakistan period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Total Loans cover lenders as Scheduled Banks. Total Loans cover debtors as Resident only.

State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Sikkim: Internal Debt data was reported at 129,597.000 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 111,240.000 INR mn for 2024. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Sikkim: Internal Debt data is updated yearly, averaging 48,865.598 INR mn from Mar 2013 (Median) to 2025, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 129,597.000 INR mn in 2025 and a record low of 18,300.000 INR mn in 2013. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Sikkim: Internal Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FC011: State Government: Outstanding Liabilities.

India Union Budget: Receipts: Capital: Debt: Draw Down of Cash Balance: Disbursements data was reported at -328,091.900 INR mn in 2026. This records an increase from the previous number of -352,935.700 INR mn for 2025. India Union Budget: Receipts: Capital: Debt: Draw Down of Cash Balance: Disbursements data is updated yearly, averaging -49,466.400 INR mn from Mar 2010 (Median) to 2026, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,413.300 INR mn in 2020 and a record low of -510,117.100 INR mn in 2013. India Union Budget: Receipts: Capital: Debt: Draw Down of Cash Balance: Disbursements data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB013: Union Budget: Receipts: Capital. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

Punjab: Capital Receipts: Internal Debt data was reported at 963,314.801 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 960,596.301 INR mn for 2024. Punjab: Capital Receipts: Internal Debt data is updated yearly, averaging 100,364.400 INR mn from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2025, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 963,314.801 INR mn in 2025 and a record low of 433.300 INR mn in 1991. Punjab: Capital Receipts: Internal Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FF093: State Finances: At A Glance: Punjab.

Key information about Nepal Total Loans

• Nepal Total Loans was reported at 34.436 USD bn in Jul 2024
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 34.594 USD bn for Jun 2024
• Nepal Total Loans data is updated monthly, averaging 7.934 USD bn from Jan 2001 to Jul 2024, with 283 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 34.890 USD bn in Jan 2022 and a record low of 1.767 USD bn in Feb 2001
• Nepal Total Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Total Loans: USD: Monthly

CEIC converts monthly Total Loans into USD. Nepal Rastra Bank provides Total Loans in local currency. Nepal Rastra Bank period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Total Loans cover lenders as Commercial Banks.

Tamil Nadu: Revenue Expenditure: Non Development: Interest of Debt: Interest Payments data was reported at 624,558.740 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 546,685.160 INR mn for 2024. Tamil Nadu: Revenue Expenditure: Non Development: Interest of Debt: Interest Payments data is updated yearly, averaging 59,628.100 INR mn from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2025, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 624,558.740 INR mn in 2025 and a record low of 4,555.400 INR mn in 1991. Tamil Nadu: Revenue Expenditure: Non Development: Interest of Debt: Interest Payments data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FH027: State Finances: Revenue Expenditure: Tamil Nadu.

Key information about India Long Term Interest Rate

• India Government Securities Yield: 10 Years was reported at 6.71 % pa in Jan 2025, compared with 6.78 % pa in the previous month.
• India Long Term Interest Rate data is updated monthly, available from May 1996 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 13.96 % pa in May 1996 and a record low of 5.11 % pa in Oct 2003.
• Long Term Interest Rate is reported by reported by Reserve Bank of India.

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Related information about India Long Term Interest Rate

• In the latest reports, India Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: India: MIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 7.19 % pa in Jun 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Repo Rate) was set at 6.50 % pa in Jan 2025.
• India Exchange Rate against USD averaged 82.23 (USD/INR) in Jun 2023.

State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jammu and Kashmir: Internal Debt data was reported at 759,011.000 INR mn in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 678,831.000 INR mn for 2024. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jammu and Kashmir: Internal Debt data is updated yearly, averaging 422,214.180 INR mn from Mar 2013 (Median) to 2025, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 759,011.000 INR mn in 2025 and a record low of 233,500.000 INR mn in 2013. State Government: Outstanding Liabilities: Jammu and Kashmir: Internal Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FC011: State Government: Outstanding Liabilities.