Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Manufacturing (MANEMP) from Jan 1939 to Jul 2025 about headline figure, establishment survey, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in Pennsylvania (PAMFG) from Jan 1990 to Jun 2025 about PA, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in California (CAMFG) from Jan 1990 to Jun 2025 about CA, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in Wisconsin (WIMFG) from Jan 1990 to Jun 2025 about WI, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

As of the first quarter of 2025, there were approximately *****million people employed in the manufacturing sector in the UK, compared with just over *****million in the first quarter of 2000.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in Michigan (MIMFG) from Jan 1990 to Jun 2025 about MI, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Total Private (USPRIV) from Jan 1939 to Jul 2025 about headline figure, establishment survey, private industries, private, employment, industry, and USA.

Number of employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and data type (seasonally adjusted, trend-cycle and unadjusted), last 5 months. Data are also available for the standard error of the estimate, the standard error of the month-to-month change and the standard error of the year-over-year change.

Blind and shade manufacturers have faced significant volatility and changing consumer preferences in recent years. Post-pandemic, uncertain economic conditions and a fluctuating construction sector caused revenue decline; however, as the economy has recovered, so has the manufacturing sector. Despite residential construction decreasing through 2025 at a rate of 0.3%, the value of non-residential construction, another primary driver, increased by 3.5%, which made up for the residential losses. In tandem with industry innovation shifting toward evolving consumer preferences like sustainable, energy-efficient, customizable and smart home-integrated shades, revenue has been expanding at an estimated CAGR of 1.3% over the past five years and is expected to reach $2.9 billion in 2025. Revenue will rise by an estimated 0.2% compared to the previous year. Significantly, the industry has become incredibly concentrated, with the two largest companies holding over 80% of the market share. Mergers and acquisitions have dominated the landscape, as companies with significant capital have been able to buy companies with existing networks, economies of scale or niche products. Additionally, there is a larger trend of international acquisitions to combat foreign competition. The recovery of the domestic economy saw profit grow from 9.3% in 2020 to 10.9% in 2025. Additionally, the industry's profit is forecasted to reach 11.7% in the next five years. Industry consolidation has the potential to constrain profit growth if innovation becomes stagnant due to complacency caused by having a significant market share. This is especially relevant if manufacturers prioritize price control over R&D. Increasingly, consumers are looking for more innovative solutions, so manufacturers that prioritize that will have an advantage. Over the coming years, vertical integration will be particularly advantageous for manufacturers as a way to mitigate risks from fluctuating input costs, especially as unpredictable tariff policies are expected in 2025. By consolidating supply chains and bringing key processes in-house, companies can reduce exposure to sudden tariff-induced price spikes on imported materials. Simultaneously, manufacturers need to be responsive to evolving consumer preferences for convenient, sustainable and customizable products, though near-future plans should primarily focus on strategically investing in supply chain resistance and new technologies. While residential construction is projected to decline through 2025, the overall value of both residential and nonresidential construction should rise through 2030. Additionally, a weakening US dollar will enable import penetration to inch downwards, supporting demand for domestic producers. As a result, revenue is forecast to rise at an estimated CAGR of 1.6% over the next five years, reaching an estimated $3.1 billion in 2030.

The tech industry had a rough start to 2024. Technology companies worldwide saw a significant reduction in their workforce in the first quarter of 2024, with over ** thousand employees being laid off. By the second quarter, layoffs impacted more than ** thousand tech employees. In the final quarter of the year around ** thousand employees were laid off. Layoffs impacting all global tech giants Layoffs in the global market escalated dramatically in the first quarter of 2023, when the sector saw a staggering record high of ***** thousand employees losing their jobs. Major tech giants such as Google, Microsoft, Meta, and IBM all contributed to this figure during this quarter. Amazon, in particular, conducted the most rounds of layoffs with the highest number of employees laid off among global tech giants. Industries most affected include the consumer, hardware, food, and healthcare sectors. Notable companies that have laid off a significant number of staff include Flink, Booking.com, Uber, PayPal, LinkedIn, and Peloton, among others. Overhiring led the trend, but will AI keep it going? Layoffs in the technology sector started following an overhiring spree during the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, companies expanded their workforce to meet increased demand for digital services during lockdowns. However, as lockdowns ended, economic uncertainties persisted and companies reevaluated their strategies, layoffs became inevitable, resulting in a record number of *** thousand laid off employees in the global tech sector by the end of 2022. Moreover, it is still unclear how advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) will impact layoff trends in the tech sector. AI-driven automation can replace manual tasks leading to workforce redundancies. Whether through chatbots handling customer inquiries or predictive algorithms optimizing supply chains, the pursuit of efficiency and cost savings may result in more tech industry layoffs in the future.

Automobile engine and parts manufacturers produce gasoline and diesel-powered engines and parts. The industry primarily consists of vertically integrated automobile manufacturers and large companies providing engines that fill supplementary contracts for automakers and aftermarkets. Manufacturers are highly globalized, benefiting from international supply chains and global demand. Even so, volatile economic conditions, skyrocketing input costs, worker strikes and massive pressure from both foreign manufacturing powers and electric vehicles have slammed revenue and profit growth. However, falling rates, rebounding economic conditions and easing supply chains have created positive tailwinds, though the threat and implementation of tariffs have sent the industry into contraction in 2025. Overall, revenue for automobile engine and parts manufacturers has expanded at an expected CAGR of 0.3% to $40.3 billion through the current period, despite an estimated 4.7% decline in 2025, where profit reached 4.6%. Increased environmental consciousness and high fuel prices have pushed consumers to reevaluate owning gasoline-powered cars. The federal government has also provided subsidies to electric vehicle producers and consumers purchasing EVs to facilitate the shift from fossil fuels. Gasoline-powered engine and parts manufacturers have prioritized more efficient engines to combat EV production and meet efficiency standards. Many companies have also automated to cut costs as substitute products squeeze revenue and profit opportunities. On the other hand, higher steel and aluminum prices pressured purchasing costs, though most manufacturers successfully leveraged globalized supply chains or vertical integration to remain profitable. The economy's recovery will also rejuvenate demand; consumers will have more disposable income to purchase new vehicles, get repairs and take road trips. Even so, external competitors, namely electric vehicles and improved public transportation infrastructure, will remain major threats to sustained revenue growth. Regardless, intermediate emissions goals will support the development of innovative combustion engines and hybrid solutions, creating additional demand for leading innovators. Overall, revenue will climb at an estimated CAGR of 1.8% to $44.1 billion through the outlook period, with profit settling at 5.0%.

Office furniture producers have endured significant volatility in recent years. Macroeconomic instability in recent years—including spiking unemployment, jumping interest rates, rising office rental vacancies and the declining value of private nonresidential construction—contributed to revenue losses for most years since 2020. However, furniture producers experienced growth in 2022 and 2023, driven by weakening unemployment and a recovering nonresidential construction sector. During this time, producers also benefited from popular return-to-office trends, creating a need for new furniture. These factors have contributed to revenue growing at an estimated CAGR of 0.8% to $30.3 billion through the end of 2025, including a 0.5% drop that year alone. International trade trends directly impact producers as low-cost, mass-produced imports generate significant competition to domestic producers. This trend has pushed domestic producers to focus on custom furniture, which faces little competition from imports as a service-oriented product line. Imported pieces generate more than 20.0% of revenue. Producers in countries like China, Mexico and Vietnam leverage lower operating costs to offer lower prices, appealing to price-sensitive buyers and driving domestic price-based competition. Domestic producers have been negatively impacted by heightened import penetration and enhanced price-based competition, driving them to lower prices to remain competitive and placing downward pressure on profit. The US Government has aimed to support domestic producers through tariffs on major trading partners, most of which target China. Tariff hikes, including those in 2018, have contributed to Chinese producers losing traction domestically. However, tariffs on major inputs, like Canadian lumber, will push purchase costs upward, forcing manufacturers to raise prices or slash profit. Office furniture manufacturing will continue to grow as unemployment and office rental vacancies drop. Growth in the value of private nonresidential construction will support revenue growth as investments in furniture will come along with overall real estate investment. The expected depreciation of the US dollar is also likely to weaken imports as a share of domestic demand, as imported pieces become comparatively more expensive and domestic furniture becomes comparatively more affordable to international buyers, supporting domestic production. However, domestic producers will continue to face elevated uncertainty over the coming years, driven by the ongoing trade war and more expensive inputs, driving manufacturers to adapt their pricing strategies. Moving forward, revenue is set to rise at a CAGR of 1.8% to $33.1 billion.

Global car and automobile manufacturers have faced numerous challenges over the past decade, given major exogenous shocks, shifting consumer preferences and supply chain disruptions. In particular, significant technological improvements, particularly regarding hybrid and electric vehicles, internal combustion engine fuel efficiency, infotainment development and autonomous driving capabilities, coupled with rising per capita disposable income, have spurred global demand from the growing global middle class. Additionally, strong economic recoveries in most developed and emerging nations following the pandemic have spurred climbing motorization rates and vehicle registrations. Overall, revenue has climbed at an expected CAGR of 1.0% to $2.9 trillion through the current period, including a 2.5% jump in 2025. Profit will climb to 4.7% at the end of the current period as hybrid and electric models perform better and input costs wane. Aluminum and steel are significant inputs for most automakers. Most input manufacturers cut production amid the pandemic, leaving automakers with supply chain shortages and long lead times, especially as automotive demand rebounded following the pandemic. Semiconductors and other integral electronic component manufacturers also failed to meet automaker's demand, exacerbating supply chain issues. Despite these issues, manufacturers have successfully pushed costs onto consumers, expanding profit. Even so, flourishing demand has enabled most automakers to begin recoveries. Many companies have also expressed greater supply chain oversight following disruptions, leading to more nearshoring, vertical integration and strategic partnerships and alliances. Even so, labor strikes, union demands and lingering economic uncertainty have contributed to volatility. Revenue for automakers will swell at an expected CAGR of 2.2% to $3.2 trillion through the outlook period as the industry rides climbing global per capita income and continued growth in developing economies. Global manufacturers will continue to invest heavily in technology and innovation, making waves with new electric and autonomous driving technologies. Companies will also lean on government support regarding electric and hybrid vehicle technology. Even so, tariff policies may restrict many facets of trade, preventing automakers from purchasing some foreign inputs or seamlessly accessing certain export markets.

The industry has seen a slight decline in revenue over the past five years. Tariffs from the second Trump administration, including 25% on steel and aluminum imports and 20% on Chinese imports, have significantly influenced costs. These tariffs increased raw material prices, causing downstream markets such as automotive and aerospace to reassess budgets and cut costs. Despite these challenges, profit increased because of decreased labor fees and improvements in automation. Companies have adopted advanced manufacturing technologies to enhance efficiency and productivity. The domestic market's reliance on imported materials means these tariffs directly impact production costs. Retaliatory tariffs from countries like China and the EU have affected export opportunities. To mitigate these impacts, companies optimized production processes and focused on technology integration. The past five years saw the industry adapt to economic pressures, navigating trade tensions and market demands. Decreased labor costs through automation supported profit growth despite declining revenue. Stringent tariffs on steel, aluminum and Chinese imports have increased input costs and mitigated profit growth. Downstream markets, particularly automotive and aerospace, faced reduced demand, directly affecting machinery orders. The industry responded by investing significantly in research and development to produce more efficient and eco-friendly machinery. Competitive pressures from international markets led to price adjustments and product differentiation. Regulatory changes in environmental standards required additional cost management to meet compliance. Efforts to optimize supply chains and focus on domestic market opportunities offered some respite. Companies leveraged digital technologies to improve manufacturing efficiency and reduce dependency on imports. These efforts positioned the industry to better handle external economic pressures. Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing industry revenue has inched downward at a CAGR of 0.8% over the past five years and is expected to total $33.8 billion in 2025, when revenue will fall by an estimated 0.2%. Over the next five years, a rebound in the automotive sector and increased construction demand will drive machinery sales. Continued environmental regulations are creating opportunities for manufacturers focused on sustainability. AI-driven and smart manufacturing technologies will enhance operational efficiencies and reduce costs. Evolving trade agreements might provide new export opportunities, reducing current trade barriers. Companies will continue to invest in customized, client-specific machinery to meet diverse market needs. Despite current tariffs, future reductions in trade tensions may open new markets, boosting exports. Focusing on smart technology and automation will stabilize profit, ensuring resilience against economic fluctuations. The industry’s commitment to innovation and efficiency will define its growth and competitive positioning in the coming years. Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing industry revenue is expected to expand at a CAGR of 1.3% to $36.0 billion over the five years to 2030.

In the three months to June 2025, there were approximately 727,000 job vacancies in the UK, the fewest number of job vacancies since April 2021. The number of job vacancies in the United Kingdom reached a record high of 1.3 million in the three months to May 2022, with the number of vacancies steadily falling since then. During the provided time period, the number of job vacancies fell to its lowest levels in the months leading to June 2020, at just 328,000, at the height of COVID-19 restrictions. Tight labor market beginning to loosen After weathering the economic storm of COVID-19, the UK labor market has been reasonably healthy since 2021. The unemployment rate, which reached 5.1 percent in late 2020, declined in the following months, to a post-pandemic low of 3.5 percent by August 2022. Since that point, however, the unemployment rate has crept up, and was 4.4 percent in November 2024. Resignations have also started to decline, after reaching a peak of 442,000 in the second quarter of 2022, there were just 181,000 in the third quarter of 2024. Which industries are experiencing staff shortages? The percentage of businesses reporting a staff shortage in the UK reached 15.7 percent in September 2022, before falling to just 9.7 percent by October 2023, another indication of a loosening labor market. According to data from that month, approximately 1 in 4 UK businesses in the accommodation and food services had a shortage of staff, the highest of any sector, followed by human health and social work at 18.4 percent, and manufacturing at 17.6 percent. Many of the recent struggles of Britain's National Health Service are directly related to staff shortages, with the public seeing a shortage of doctors and nurses, and overworked staff as some of the main problems facing the NHS.

******* people worked in German automobile manufacturing in 2023. The number of employees in the industry has been declining since 2018. Car companies around the world have been repeatedly cutting jobs. While this happens for several reasons, this decade’s onset of robotics and AI adds further question marks to the future of human employment in German automobile production. Is the motor running? The German automobile industry consists of many moving parts. The segments include motor vehicles, arguably the largest, car bodies, as well as electrical and electronic equipment. The production of motor vehicles and motors employed the largest number of employees in 2022 at around ******* people. This was an increase compared to the year before, though numbers had generally been falling in recent years. Automobile industry employees had overall also worked decreased hours as a total, in part because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, though the logged in average still amounted to over ***********. Changing industry Job cuts are not uncommon in the automobile industry in general. In 2023, Ford announced it would be cutting thousands until 2026. The company aims to transition completely to electric vehicles. In fact, electromobility as such carries with it the potential for massive changes to existing industry job structures, with around ******* German jobs already estimated as directly affected by 2025.