The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in August 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the ******-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS gathered in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

Graph and download economic data for Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Other Important Trading Partners, Goods (DISCONTINUED) from 1995-01-04 to 2020-01-01 about trade-weighted, trade, exchange rate, currency, goods, rate, indexes, and USA.

The DXY exchange rate rose to 98.5352 on October 17, 2025, up 0.20% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has strengthened 1.22%, but it's down by 4.77% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

This statistic depicts the total value of U.S. international trade from 2000 to 2024. In 2024, the value of U.S. international exports amounted to about three trillion U.S. dollars; imports amounted to approximately 3.86 trillion U.S. dollars.

Graph and download economic data for Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Broad, Goods (DISCONTINUED) from 1995-01-04 to 2020-01-01 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, rate, indexes, and USA.

The United States recorded a trade deficit of 78.31 USD Billion in July of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Balance of Trade - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

View market daily updates and historical trends for Trade Weighted US Dollar Index: Broad, Goods and Services. from United States. Source: Federal Reserve…

Key information about US's Trade Balance

• US's Trade Balance recorded a deficit of 155.6 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with a deficit of 122.1 USD bn in the previous month
• US's Trade Balance data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1986 to Jan 2025, with an averaged value of -51.2 USD bn
• The data reached an all-time high of -3.7 USD bn in Feb 1992 and a record low of -155.6 USD bn in Jan 2025

• In the latest reports, US's Total Exports reached 171.6 USD bn in Jan 2025, a decrease of 26.1% YoY (year-on-year)
• Total Imports recorded 327.1 USD bn in Jan 2025, an increase of 26.1% YoY (year-on-year)

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Broad U.S. Dollar Index (TWEXBGSMTH) from Jan 2006 to Sep 2025 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.

The average for 2023 based on 148 countries was 4.81 billion U.S. dollars. The highest value was in China: 386.06 billion U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in the USA: -784.89 billion U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The statistic shows the trade balance of goods of the United States from 2014 to 2024, in billion U.S. dollars. The trade balance is calculated by subtracting the imports from the exports of a country. In 2024, the United States' trade balance amounted to a deficit of **** trillion U.S. dollars.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data was reported at 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 166.528 Jan1997=100 for Oct 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data is updated monthly, averaging 96.825 Jan1997=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 551 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018 and a record low of 1.998 Jan1997=100 in Jul 1973. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

The average for 2023 based on 18 countries was -0.68 billion U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Brazil: 52.18 billion U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Mexico: -24.97 billion U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data was reported at 104.556 Mar1973=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 103.639 Mar1973=100 for Sep 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data is updated monthly, averaging 91.800 Mar1973=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 550 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131.551 Mar1973=100 in Mar 1985 and a record low of 77.674 Mar1973=100 in Jul 2011. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

United States - Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Major Currencies, Goods (DISCONTINUED) was 91.50770 Index Mar 1973=100 in January of 2020, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Major Currencies, Goods (DISCONTINUED) reached a record high of 146.41010 in February of 1985 and a record low of 68.14280 in May of 2011. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Major Currencies, Goods (DISCONTINUED) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on October of 2025.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Advanced Foreign Economies data was reported at 109.051 2006=100 in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 110.110 2006=100 for Dec 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Advanced Foreign Economies data is updated monthly, averaging 93.840 2006=100 from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 157 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 114.027 2006=100 in Dec 2016 and a record low of 82.645 2006=100 in Jul 2011. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Advanced Foreign Economies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

The EUR/USD exchange rate rose to 1.1663 on October 20, 2025, up 0.07% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has weakened 1.17%, but it's up by 7.83% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data was reported at 105.997 Jan2006=100 in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 107.686 Jan2006=100 for Dec 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data is updated monthly, averaging 94.083 Jan2006=100 from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 157 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 110.076 Jan2006=100 in Dec 2016 and a record low of 83.890 Jan2006=100 in Jul 2011. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

Romania: Trade balance, billion USD: The latest value from 2023 is -16.94 billion U.S. dollars, an increase from -19.92 billion U.S. dollars in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 4.81 billion U.S. dollars, based on data from 148 countries. Historically, the average for Romania from 1971 to 2023 is -4.46 billion U.S. dollars. The minimum value, -28.1 billion U.S. dollars, was reached in 2008 while the maximum of 4.12 billion U.S. dollars was recorded in 1988.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und