Along with an increase in income, TSB Bank recorded a considerable profit in 2023. TSB Banking Group Plc is a challenger bank and that has now been back on the British high street for eight years. With total assets close to 50 billion British pounds , TSB bank is one of the largest challenger banks in the UK.

Founded in 1783, the Bank of Ireland is a commercial bank and one of the largest banks headquartered in Ireland. In 2019, total assets, equity and capital all increased from the previous year.

Challenger banks

The term 'Challenger Bank' is used as a description of banks and financial services that were created after the Global Financial Crisis and have made significant impact in 'challenging' incumbent large banks or have had a significant impact on the market. KPMG describe four main areas in which challenger banks have appeared in the market in the United Kingdom. These include full-service retail banks such as CYBG/Virgin Money, Metro Bank, TSB Bank and the Co-op, Specialist lenders such as OneSavings Bank and Aldermore, retailer banks including Tesco's and Sainsbury's and Digital Banks. As the newest and perhaps the most exciting facet of challenger banks, Digital banks are mobile app-based banks that do not have a physical presence on the high street. Due to their simplicity and ease of use they have attracted significant attention from customers and investors alike.

The 10 largest mortgage lenders in the United Kingdom accounted for approximately 81 percent of the total market, with the top three alone accounting for 41 percent in 2023. Lloyds Banking Group had the largest market share of gross mortgage lending, with nearly 36.8 billion British pounds in lending in 2023. HSBC, which is the largest UK bank by total assets, ranked fourth. Development of the mortgage market In 2023, the value of outstanding in mortgage lending to individuals amounted to 1.6 trillion British pounds. Although this figure has continuously increased in the past, the UK mortgage market declined dramatically in 2023, registering the lowest value of mortgage lending since 2015. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused the market to contract for the first time since 2012. The next two years saw mortgage lending soar due to pent-up demand, but as interest rates soared, the housing market cooled, leading to a decrease in new loans of about 100 billion British pounds. The end of low interest rates In 2021, mortgage rates saw some of their lowest levels since recording began by the Bank of England. For a long time, this was particularly good news for first-time homebuyers and those remortgaging their property. Nevertheless, due to the rising inflation, mortgage rates started to rise in the second half of the year, resulting in the 10-year rate doubling in 2022.