In 2023, Turkey received the highest number of immigrants from Russia, amounting to over 28,300 people. Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan followed on the list, registering nearly 17,700 and 15,600 immigrants, respectively.

Over the observed period, the number of immigrants in Turkey mostly exceeded the number of emigrants. However, in 2023, nearly 714,600 people emigrated from Turkey, whereas the number of immigrants reached roughly 316,500.

Historical dataset showing Turkey immigration statistics by year from 1960 to 2015.

Turkey Immigration: Turkish Citizens data was reported at 101,772.000 Person in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 107,052.000 Person for 2016. Turkey Immigration: Turkish Citizens data is updated yearly, averaging 104,412.000 Person from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 107,052.000 Person in 2016 and a record low of 101,772.000 Person in 2017. Turkey Immigration: Turkish Citizens data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G007: Migration Statistics.

The largest number of immigrants in Germany were from Ukraine, as of 2023. The top three origin countries were rounded up by Romania and Turkey. Immigrants are defined as having left a country, which may be their home country, to permanently reside in another. Upon arriving, immigrants do not hold the citizenship of the country they move to. Immigration in the EU All three aforementioned countries are members of the European Union, which means their citizens have freedom of movement between EU member states. In practice, this means that citizens of any EU member country may relocate between them to live and work there. Unrestricted by visas or residence permits, the search for university courses, jobs, retirement options, and places to live seems to be defined by an enormous amount of choice. However, even in this freedom of movement scheme, immigration may be hampered by bureaucratic hurdles or financial challenges. Prosperity with a question mark While Germany continues to be an attractive destination for foreigners both in and outside the European Union, as well as asylum applicants, it remains to be seen how current events might influence these patterns, whether the number of immigrants arriving from certain countries will shift. Europe’s largest economy is suffering. Climbing inflation levels in the last few months, as well as remaining difficulties from the ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic are affecting global economic development. Ultimately, future immigrants may face the fact of moving from one struggling economy to another.

Turkey: Migrant population, percent of total population: The latest value from 2015 is 4 percent, an increase from 2 percent in 2010. In comparison, the world average is 10 percent, based on data from 195 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1990 to 2015 is 2 percent. The minimum value, 2 percent, was reached in 1990 while the maximum of 4 percent was recorded in 2015.

Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data was reported at 3.769 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.891 % for 2010. Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 2.052 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.769 % in 2015 and a record low of 1.891 % in 2010. Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.; Weighted average;

Turkey Immigration data was reported at 466,333.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 380,921.000 Person for 2016. Turkey Immigration data is updated yearly, averaging 423,627.000 Person from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 466,333.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 380,921.000 Person in 2016. Turkey Immigration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G007: Migration Statistics.

In 2023, around 1.93 million people immigrated to Germany. Numbers fluctuated during the time period covered in the graph at hand, peaking in 2015 during the high point of Europe’s refugee crisis. Significantly lower figures in 2020 may be attributed to the first year of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and subsequent restrictions implemented by the German government on entering the country, in order to control the spread of the disease. Immigration to Germany “Immigrant” is a term used from the point of view of the receiving country, or the country being migrated to by a person. While reasons for and circumstances leading to an immigrant entering a foreign country may vary, they often include love, include seeking residence, employment, family reunions, or applying for asylum. Various countries are represented among foreigners living in Germany, though currently the leading three by numbers are Turkey, Ukraine, and Syria. Around 5.2 million immigrants living in Germany do not need a residence permit due to having EU citizenship, and therefore being allowed freedom of movement based on EU law. Another 2.64 million immigrants were granted an unlimited permit to stay in Germany. The near future Germany remains a popular choice for immigrants, even in currently challenging economic and political times. Welfare benefits, healthcare, and various support initiatives for those moving to or arriving in the country are on the list of selling points, though in practice, difficulties may be encountered depending on individual situations and laws in different German federal states. While the unemployment rate among foreigners living in Germany had gone up in 2020, it dropped again in the following years, but increased once more in 2023 and 2024 to over 16 percent. The country is Europe’s largest economy, housing many global players in various industries, which continues to attract jobseekers, despite these very industries facing struggles of their own brought on both by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and geopolitical events in Europe.

These data were compiled within the scope of the author's doctoral thesis research on ‘Turkish Migration Policy’. These data reflect the numerical results of the immigration and asylum policy of Republican Turkey. The purpose of compiling the data is to determine the results of the Turkish migration policy in the context of immigration and asylum policies in the historical process. The language and explanations of the table are in Russian.

Notes: No official statistics on Greek-Turkish exchanges between 1923 and 1925 were published. The Turkish State Institute of Statistics stopped publishing statistics on migrants in 1961. Figures after this date can be obtained from reports and statistics published by the relevant state institutions. In 1939, after the amendment of the Settlement Law No. 2510, migrants and refugees were given the freedom to choose their place of residence. However, official statistics on migrants whose resettlement was subsidised by the state were published in detail after 1945 until 1961.

Turkey TR: Net Migration data was reported at 1,627,172.000 Person in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of -50,000.000 Person for 2007. Turkey TR: Net Migration data is updated yearly, averaging -100,001.000 Person from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2012, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,627,172.000 Person in 2012 and a record low of -259,997.000 Person in 1977. Turkey TR: Net Migration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Sum;

This diagram shows the distribution of the number of Turkish immigrants living in France in 2019, by age group. In total, France welcomed nearly ******* Turkish expatriates on its territory. Of those, the most represented age group were Turkish people aged 25 to 54, followed by a younger generation under ** which had about ****** members.

Reference group for all OR´s are their portions in the Berlin population.

Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: Total data was reported at 2,964,916.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,367,034.000 Person for 2010. Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 1,055,660.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,964,916.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 144,529.000 Person in 1975. Turkey TR: International Migrant Stock: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2012 Revision.; Sum;

The research project Political Resocialization of Immigrants (PRI) examines political interest and participation among immigrants. The aim of the project was to study immigrant´s relations to community and politics; their living conditions; experiences of immigration to Sweden; factors possible to stimulate increasing political commitment; political attitudes and political behaviour; representatives and demands; information about the Swedish administrative and political system. More than 2 500 interviews were conducted in 1975-1976 with random samples of immigrants born in Finland, Yugoslavia, Poland and Turkey, and a comparison group of Swedish citizens in the 18-67 age group and domiciled in Stockholm municipality. Stratified samples drawn from among the respondents from the first-wave survey were reinterviewed in an election survey during the weeks following the municipal elections of September 1976, in which immigrants participated for the first time. The first-wave interview included questions on: time of moving to Sweden and Stockholm respectively; places of living; language spoken by the respondent, and language spoken by partner and children; newspaper read (Swedish and from native country) and news listened to (Swedish and from other countries); how the respondent would act in a situation when there is a risk of unemployment; circle of friends; organizational membership and activities; knowledge of who to address in Stockholm in different situations; contacts with authorities; important problems in society; interest in Swedish politics; participation in elections in native country and in Sweden; comparison of the personal situation in a number of areas at present and when living in native country; own situation compared with other immigrants and with Swedes respectively; present and earlier occupation; placement in a ´pyramid of society´ in native country and in Sweden; organizational activities of parents; religiosity, own and parents´. In connection with this interview the respondent had to fill in a questionnaire, in which she/he had to state if she/he agreed or not with a number of general statements and a number of statements concerning her/his own nationality. The election survey included questions about election programs in radio and television, study circles discussing the election, information pamphlets, political meetings, knowledge of candidates, voting, important issues in the election campaign, political parties with special interest in issues concerning immigrants, attempts to influence other people how to vote, comparison between Swedish political parties and parties in the native country, interest in election turn-out, and when the respondent decided to vote/not to vote.

Sociodemographic data for the entire study sample and of the different kind of institutions.

Netherlands Number of Immigrants: Turkey data was reported at 5,928.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,514.000 Person for 2016. Netherlands Number of Immigrants: Turkey data is updated yearly, averaging 4,514.000 Person from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2017, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,703.000 Person in 2003 and a record low of 2,855.000 Person in 2007. Netherlands Number of Immigrants: Turkey data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Netherlands. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Netherlands – Table NL.G005: Number of Immigrants: by Country.

This statistic shows the results of a survey conducted in Germany on which country feels like a home country to persons with Turkish roots in 2017, by gender. That year, **** percent of male respondents identified with Turkey, while **** percent considered Germany their home country.

The total number of Syrians registered under temporary protection status in Turkey totaled roughly *** million on August 29, 2024. Syrian refugees aged between five and nine years old made up the largest age group, amounting to nearly ******* individuals.

This graph presents the percentage of descendants of immigrants in France in 2021, distributed by migration background. The statistic highlights that 15.2 percent of French people of immigrant parentage had Algerian origins, while 4.4 percent of them had a Turkish migration background.