In 1900, the fertility rate in turkey was just over 6.9 children per woman, meaning that the average woman born in Turkey in that year could expect to have approximately seven children over the course of their reproductive years. This figure would see little change for much of the first half of the 20 th century, falling only to 6.7 children by 1945. However, the fertility rate in Turkey would begin to see dramatic change in the years following the Second World War, as fertility would initially rise in the post-war, global baby boom, only to begin rapidly falling as Turkey began to modernize and access to contraception became more widespread in the country. Fertility would fall the fastest in the 1980s, as Turkey would experience high levels of urbanization and improvements in access to education for women. As a result of these developments, the fertility rate in Turkey would fall to approximately 2.6 children per woman by the turn of the century. This trend would continue steadily into the 21st century, and in 2020, Turkey has a (roughly) replacement-level fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman.

Turkey fertility rate for 2025 is 1.97, a 0.71% decline from 2024.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>Turkey fertility rate for 2024 was <strong>1.98</strong>, a <strong>31.13% increase</strong> from 2023.</li>
<li>Turkey fertility rate for 2023 was <strong>1.51</strong>, a <strong>7.36% decline</strong> from 2022.</li>
<li>Turkey fertility rate for 2022 was <strong>1.63</strong>, a <strong>4.68% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
</ul>Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.

In 1900, the crude birth rate of Turkey was approximately 48 births for every 1,000 people, meaning that just under 4.8% of the population was born in that year. This figure would closely follow the trends in fertility rate in Turkey, gradually falling for much of the first half of the 20th century. As women began having more children in the rapidly developing post-war economy of the 1950s. The crude birth rate also rose during this time, peaking at 49.3 children per thousand people in 1955. However, as Turkey would begin to modernize, the crude birth rate fell, as increased access to education and access to contraception among women would lead to a decline in the number of children the average woman would have. This decline has continued into the 21st century, and in 2020, it is estimated that just over 16 children were born for every thousand people in Turkey, accounting for 1.6% of the population.

Turkey TR: Fertility Rate: Total: Births per Woman data was reported at 2.053 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.072 Ratio for 2015. Turkey TR: Fertility Rate: Total: Births per Woman data is updated yearly, averaging 3.331 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.366 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 2.053 Ratio in 2016. Turkey TR: Fertility Rate: Total: Births per Woman data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Health Statistics. Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average; Relevance to gender indicator: it can indicate the status of women within households and a woman’s decision about the number and spacing of children.

The health and survival of women and their new-born babies in low income countries is a key public health priority, but basic and consistent subnational data on the number of pregnancies to support decision making has been lacking. WorldPop integrates small area data on the distribution of women of childbearing age, age-specific fertility rates, still births and abortions to map the estimated distributions of pregnancies for each 1x1km grid square across all low and middle income countries. Further details on the methods can be found in Tatem et al and James et al..
Data for earlier dates is available directly from WorldPop.

WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton). 2018. Turkey 1km Pregnancies. Version 1.0 2015 estimates of numbers of pregnancies per grid square, with national totals adjusted to match national estimates on numbers of pregnancies made by the Guttmacher Institute (http://www.guttmacher.org) DOI: 10.5258/SOTON/WP00636

Turkey TR: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data was reported at 16.241 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.533 Ratio for 2015. Turkey TR: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 27.424 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 45.393 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 16.241 Ratio in 2016. Turkey TR: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;

Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Crude Birth Rate: per Mille data was reported at 14.986 ‰ in 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15.184 ‰ for 2024. Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Crude Birth Rate: per Mille data is updated yearly, averaging 18.015 ‰ from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2025, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.100 ‰ in 1990 and a record low of 14.986 ‰ in 2025. Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Crude Birth Rate: per Mille data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G004: Vital Statistics: Forecast: Turkish Statistical Institute.

Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Fertility Rate data was reported at 69.476 ‰ in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 71.031 ‰ for 2016. Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Fertility Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 73.588 ‰ from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2017, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 82.700 ‰ in 2001 and a record low of 69.476 ‰ in 2017. Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Fertility Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G003: Vital Statistics.

Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration data was reported at 98.800 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 93.700 % for 2008. Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration data is updated yearly, averaging 93.700 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2013, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 98.800 % in 2013 and a record low of 84.000 % in 2003. Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.; ; UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.; Weighted average;

The statistic shows the total population of Turkey from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the total population of Turkey amounted to about 86.03 million people. Population of Turkey Although total population increased on a yearly basis from 2004 to 2014, population growth has slowly decreased annually as of 2011, despite remaining positive. However, in 2012, population growth increased, compared to the previous year for the first time in over a decade. The country’s fertility rate, on the other hand, continued to drop annually since 2002. Life expectancy was also rather low, however this value appears to be irrelative to how developed a country actually is, especially when considering the life expectancy of many other advanced countries. From an economic standpoint, Turkey has been noticeably improving, especially in comparison to 2008. One improved aspect can be found in the country’s employment rate. In 2009, unemployment reached a decade high but dropped dramatically yearly until 2012. However since 2012, the unemployment rate has started to increase again, with this trend continuing into 2014. Turkey’s inflation rate, on the other hand, reached a decade low in 2014 compared to 2013, despite continuous fluctuations since 2008. The country’s GDP has also reached a decade high in 2014, more than doubling its value since 2004, despite a significant plunge in 2009. When analyzing year-over -year trends, GDP has continued to positively grow since 2009, however has slowed down since 2012.

Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Crude Birth Rate data was reported at 16.075 ‰ in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.548 ‰ for 2016. Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Crude Birth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 17.584 ‰ from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2017, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.300 ‰ in 2001 and a record low of 16.075 ‰ in 2017. Turkey Vital Statistics: per Mille: Crude Birth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G003: Vital Statistics.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Turkey, NC population pyramid, which represents the Turkey population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey, NC, is 94.8.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey, NC, is 37.5.
• Total dependency ratio for Turkey, NC is 132.3.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Turkey, NC is 2.7.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Turkey population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Turkey Population by Age. You can refer the same here

Abstract

The 1993 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) is a nationally representative survey of ever-married women less than 50 years old. The survey was designed to provide information on fertility levels and trends, infant and child mortality, family planning, and maternal and child health. The TDHS was conducted by the Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies under a subcontract through an agreement between the General Directorate of Mother and Child Health and Family Planning, Ministry of Health and Macro International Inc. of Calverton, Maryland. Fieldwork was conducted from August to October 1993. Interviews were carried out in 8,619 households and with 6,519 women.

The Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) is a national sample survey of ever-married women of reproductive ages, designed to collect data on fertility, marriage patterns, family planning, early age mortality, socioeconomic characteristics, breastfeeding, immunisation of children, treatment of children during episodes of illness, and nutritional status of women and children. The TDHS, as part of the international DHS project, is also the latest survey in a series of national-level population and health surveys in Turkey, which have been conducted by the Institute of Population Studies, Haeettepe University (HIPS).

More specifically, the objectives of the TDHS are to:

Collect data at the national level that will allow the calculation of demographic rates, particularly fertility and childhood mortality rates; Analyse the direct and indirect factors that determine levels and trends in fertility and childhood mortality; Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, region, and urban- rural residence; Collect data on mother and child health, including immunisations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections among children under five, antenatal care, assistance at delivery, and breastfeeding; Measure the nutritional status of children under five and of their mothers using anthropometric measurements.

The TDHS information is intended to assist policy makers and administrators in evaluating existing programs and in designing new strategies for improving family planning and health services in Turkey.

MAIN RESULTS

Fertility in Turkey is continuing to decline. If Turkish women maintain current fertility rates during their reproductive years, they can expect to have all average of 2.7 children by the end of their reproductive years. The highest fertility rate is observed for the age group 20-24. There are marked regional differences in fertility rates, ranging from 4.4 children per woman in the East to 2.0 children per woman in the West. Fertility also varies widely by urban-rural residence and by education level. A woman living in rural areas will have almost one child more than a woman living in an urban area. Women who have no education have almost one child more than women who have a primary-level education and 2.5 children more than women with secondary-level education.

The first requirement of success ill family planning is the knowledge of family planning methods. Knowledge of any method is almost universal among Turkish women and almost all those who know a method also know the source of the method. Eighty percent of currently married women have used a method sometime in their life. One third of currently married women report ever using the IUD. Overall, 63 percent of currently married women are currently using a method. The majority of these women are modern method users (35 percent), but a very substantial proportion use traditional methods (28 percent). the IUD is the most commonly used modern method (I 9 percent), allowed by the condom (7 percent) and the pill (5 percent). Regional differences are substantial. The level of current use is 42 percent in tile East, 72 percent in tile West and more than 60 percent in tile other three regions. "File common complaints about tile methods are side effects and health concerns; these are especially prevalent for the pill and IUD.

One of the major child health indicators is immunisation coverage. Among children age 12-23 months, the coverage rates for BCG and the first two doses of DPT and polio were about 90 percent, with most of the children receiving those vaccines before age one. The results indicate that 65 percent of the children had received all vaccinations at some time before the survey. On a regional basis, coverage is significantly lower in the Eastern region (41 percent), followed by the Northern and Central regions (61 percent and 65 percent, respectively). Acute respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrhea are the two most prevalent diseases of children under age five in Turkey. In the two weeks preceding the survey, the prevalence of ARI was 12 percent and the prevalence of diarrhea was 25 percent for children under age five. Among children with diarrhea 56 percent were given more fluids than usual.

Breastfeeding in Turkey is widespread. Almost all Turkish children (95 percent) are breastfed for some period of time. The median duration of breastfeeding is 12 months, but supplementary foods and liquids are introduced at an early age. One-third of children are being given supplementary food as early as one month of age and by the age of 2-3 months, half of the children are already being given supplementary foods or liquids.

By age five, almost one-filth of children arc stunted (short for their age), compared to an international reference population. Stunting is more prevalent in rural areas, in the East, among children of mothers with little or no education, among children who are of higher birth order, and among those born less than 24 months after a prior birth. Overall, wasting is not a problem. Two percent of children are wasted (thin for their height), and I I percent of children under five are underweight for their age. The survey results show that obesity is d problem among mothers. According to Body Mass Index (BMI) calculations, 51 percent of mothers are overweight, of which 19 percent are obese.

Geographic coverage

The Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) is a national sample survey.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 12-49
• Children under five

Universe

The population covered by the 1993 DHS is defined as the universe of all ever-married women age 12-49 who were present in the household on the night before the interview were eligible for the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The sample for the TDHS was designed to provide estimates of population and health indicators, including fertility and mortality rates for the nation as a whole, fOr urban and rural areas, and for the five major regions of the country. A weighted, multistage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used in the selection of the TDHS sample.

Sample selection was undertaken in three stages. The sampling units at the first stage were settlements that differed in population size. The frame for the selection of the primary sampling units (PSUs) was prepared using the results of the 1990 Population Census. The urban frame included provinces and district centres and settlements with populations of more than 10,000; the rural frame included subdistricts and villages with populations of less than 10,000. Adjustments were made to consider the growth in some areas right up to survey time. In addition to the rural-urban and regional stratifications, settlements were classified in seven groups according to population size.

The second stage of selection involved the list of quarters (administrative divisions of varying size) for each urban settlement, provided by the State Institute of Statistics (SIS). Every selected quarter was subdivided according tothe number of divisions(approximately 100 households)assigned to it. In rural areas, a selected village was taken as a single quarter, and wherever necessary, it was divided into subdivisions of approximately 100 households. In cases where the number of households in a selected village was less than 100 households, the nearest village was selected to complete the 100 households during the listing activity, which is described below.

After the selection of the secondary sampling units (SSUs), a household listing was obtained for each by the TDHS listing teams. The listing activity was carried out in May and June. From the household lists, a systematic random sample of households was chosen for the TDHS. All ever-married women age 12-49 who were present in the household on the night before the interview were eligible for the survey.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used in the main fieldwork for the TDHS: the Household Questionnaire and the Individual Questionnaire for ever-married women of reproductive age. The questionnaires were based on the model survey instruments developed in the DHS program and on the questionnaires that had been employed in previous Turkish population and health surveys. The questionnaires were adapted to obtain data needed for program planning in Turkey during consultations with population and health agencies. Both questionnaires were developed in English and translated into Turkish.

a) The Household Questionnaire was used to enumerate all usual members of and visitors to the selected households and to collect information relating to the socioeconomic position of the households. In the first part of the Household Questionnaire, basic information was collected on the age, sex, educational attainment, marital status and relationship to the head of household for each person listed as a household member

Turkey TR: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data was reported at 1.050 Ratio in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.050 Ratio for 2015. Turkey TR: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data is updated yearly, averaging 1.050 Ratio from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.050 Ratio in 2016 and a record low of 1.050 Ratio in 2016. Turkey TR: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births. The data are 5 year averages.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Weighted average;

Low birth weight (odds ratio and crude rates) according to naturalization length.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Turkey Creek, LA population pyramid, which represents the Turkey Creek population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey Creek, LA, is 57.7.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey Creek, LA, is 28.8.
• Total dependency ratio for Turkey Creek, LA is 86.5.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Turkey Creek, LA is 3.5.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Turkey Creek population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Turkey Creek for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Turkey Creek for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Turkey Creek for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Turkey Creek Population by Age. You can refer the same here

Turkey TR: Life Expectancy at Birth: Male data was reported at 72.498 Year in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 72.231 Year for 2015. Turkey TR: Life Expectancy at Birth: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 59.796 Year from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 72.498 Year in 2016 and a record low of 42.481 Year in 1960. Turkey TR: Life Expectancy at Birth: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank: Health Statistics. Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;

Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Fertility Rate: per Woman data was reported at 2.086 NA in 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.093 NA for 2024. Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Fertility Rate: per Woman data is updated yearly, averaging 2.105 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2025, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.930 NA in 1990 and a record low of 1.930 NA in 2017. Turkey TURKSTAT Forecast: VS: Fertility Rate: per Woman data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Turkish Statistical Institute. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.G004: Vital Statistics: Forecast: Turkish Statistical Institute.

Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration: Rural data was reported at 97.700 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 91.600 % for 2008. Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 91.600 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2013, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 97.700 % in 2013 and a record low of 79.000 % in 2003. Turkey TR: Completeness of Birth Registration: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.; ; UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.; ;

Among all countries that are part of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Turkey, followed by Korea, had the highest rate of Caesarean section births (or C-sections) in 2022. At that time, the rate of C-sections in Turkey was roughly 600 per 1,000 live births. Among global regions, Latin America and the Caribbean had the highest percentage of births that were delivered by C-section, while sub-Saharan Africa had the lowest rates of Cesarean section births. Cesarean section costs A Cesarean section is a form of birth where the baby is taken out through a surgical incision in the abdomen rather than a natural vaginal birth. The cost of a Cesarean section delivery varies globally, with the United States having the highest cost globally for Cesarean section deliveries, while Germany the lowest cost among selected countries worldwide. In the United States, C-sections are significantly more expensive than a delivery by vaginal birth. High C-sections rates in the U.S. Over the past 20 years the C-section rate in the U.S. has gradually been increasing with more stable trends in the past few years. It has been reported that many of the C-sections performed in the U.S. are elective and not necessary. Often, the risks of C-sections are greater than the benefits, when performed as an elective procedure. Therefore, the United States has a "healthy people target" for the c-section rate of first time, low-risk mothers. However, less than half of hospitals are meeting the national targets for Cesarean sections performed.