Stalls and markets’ industry revenue across Europe is anticipated to contract at a compound annual rate of 5.9% to €38.6 billion over the five years through 2024. The owner-operator nature of the industry and the small size of stalls mean that no companies have any substantial scale and instead operate from one stall. This does cap revenue due to limited expansion opportunities and stalls that are the most successful tend to open shops or restaurants. Stalls and markets experience some seasonal demand spikes. At Christmas time, visiting stalls across Europe is a festive tradition for many people which boost sales and revenue. High inflation because of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the COVID-19 outbreak skyrocketed the price of food and beverages in 2023 and they have remained high in 2024. Markets across Europe have raised their prices to pass on extra supply costs to their customers, but disposable income has fallen so people are spending less in markets. Revenue is anticipated to contract by 3.2% in 2024. Profit depends largely on the type of goods that each stall sells and is set to be 11.1% in 2024. Revenue is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of 3% to €44.7 billion over the five years through 2029. Demand for food markets especially is set to grow since customers across Europe are looking for sustainably sourced, organic and local products since health consciousness and environmental awareness is building. Markets will innovate by introducing delivery services to garner more local community support. Social media will also continue to be asset to markets looking to drive up sales since it lures more customers.

Textile is one of Turkey’s most successful industries. The country prides itself on its manufacturing of textile products, and exports both textiles and apparel to the rest of the world. In 2023, Turkey’s leading textile manufacturer was Merinos Halı San. ve Tic. A.Ş., with its production-based sales approaching **** billion Turkish lira. Turkey’s textile trade Turkey is among the leading exporters of textiles worldwide. The main destination of Turkish textiles in 2021 was Germany, with exports valuing approximately *** billion U.S. dollars. After China and Italy, Turkey figures as the top supplier of textiles to Germany. Textile retail While special emphasis is put on Turkey’s textile trade, Turkey also boasts an impressive number of enterprises that specialize in the retail sales of textiles. However, when looking at the numbers of the past decade, it appears that this number has been higher in previous years.

Turkey Flavors Market Outlook

The Turkey Flavors market size is projected to experience robust growth, expanding from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to an estimated USD 2.1 billion by 2032, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.1%. This growth is primarily driven by increasing consumer demand for novel and authentic taste experiences, coupled with the burgeoning pet food industry which seeks innovative flavors to cater to pet palates.

A significant growth factor for the Turkey Flavors market is the rising inclination towards natural and organic food products. Consumers are becoming increasingly health-conscious and are looking for flavors that do not compromise on health benefits while still providing rich and authentic taste experiences. Natural turkey flavors, derived from real turkey, align well with this trend as they are perceived to be healthier and more wholesome compared to their artificial counterparts. This shift in consumer preference is propelling the market for natural turkey flavors.

Another critical driver is the expanding pet food industry. Pet owners are becoming more discerning about the ingredients and flavors in their pets' food, leading to a surge in demand for high-quality and diverse flavor options. Turkey flavors, with their rich and savory profile, have become increasingly popular in the formulation of pet foods. This trend is further fueled by the humanization of pets, where pet owners seek to provide their pets with food that is as nutritious and flavorful as their own.

The culinary industry's constant pursuit of novel and unique flavor profiles is also contributing to the market's growth. Chefs and food product developers are continuously experimenting with flavors to create distinctive dishes and products. Turkey flavors, known for their rich, hearty taste, are being increasingly incorporated into various food products ranging from gourmet dishes to ready-to-eat meals. This innovation in flavor application is a significant factor driving the demand for turkey flavors in the food and beverage sector.

Regionally, North America is a leading market for turkey flavors, driven by a high consumption rate of turkey-based products during festive seasons like Thanksgiving and Christmas. Europe follows closely, with a growing penchant for gourmet food and the rising popularity of turkey flavors in culinary applications. In contrast, the Asia Pacific region is poised for the fastest growth, thanks to increasing urbanization, the influence of Western dietary habits, and escalating demand for pet food. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are also expected to show considerable growth due to rising disposable incomes and a growing food service industry.

Product Type Analysis

The Turkey Flavors market is segmented by product type into natural turkey flavors and artificial turkey flavors. Natural turkey flavors, derived directly from turkey, are gaining significant traction due to the growing consumer preference for natural and organic food products. Consumers are increasingly wary of synthetic additives and are leaning towards flavors that are perceived to be healthier and more authentic. This segment is expected to witness substantial growth as manufacturers invest in natural flavor extraction technologies to meet consumer demand.

Artificial turkey flavors, although facing competition from natural counterparts, still hold a significant share of the market. These flavors are synthesized through complex chemical processes to mimic the taste of turkey. They are typically more cost-effective and have a longer shelf life, making them a popular choice among manufacturers looking to balance between cost and flavor quality. However, with the rising consumer awareness and demand for clean label products, the artificial turkey flavors segment may face challenges in maintaining its market share.

The natural turkey flavors segment is poised to dominate the market in the forecast period, driven by the increasing trend of clean label products and the stringent regulations governing food additives. Companies focusing on natural flavors are investing in research and development to enhance flavor profiles and ensure sustainability in flavor production. This trend is particularly pronounced in regions with stringent food safety regulations such as North America and Europe.

Conversely, the artificial turkey flavors segment, while expected to grow at a slower pace, will continue to be relevant, especially in emerging markets where cost considerations are paramoun

Game and toy manufacturers have contended with numerous headwinds in recent years, ranging from the growing popularity of digital alternatives to fierce import competition from low-cost production countries. This has meant manufacturers looking to remain successful had to adapt and cater to shifting consumer needs, like offering educational toys to appeal to parents concerned with excessive device usage. Revenue is expected to drop at a compound annual rate of 4.1% over the five years through 2024 to €11.6 billion, with revenue expected to tumble by 1.2% in 2024. The tightening cost of living in the two years through 2023 resulted in cash-strapped individuals reining in spending to afford spiralling food and energy prices, hitting demand for games and toys. This also made cheaper games and toys from abroad from low-cost production countries more appealing as they are often priced lower than domestically produced products. Another major cause for concern has been the rising popularity of video games, with ownership of electronic devices like smartphones and tablets picking up significantly, weighing on demand for traditional games and toys. Revenue is forecast to climb at a compound annual rate of 4.6% over the five years through 2029 to €14.6 billion. Economic conditions are set to improve somewhat, with inflationary pressures easing and real disposable incomes picking up. This will ramp up demand for games and toys in line with a recovery in discretionary spending. However, competition from digital alternatives will remain fierce as more children shift from traditional toys to more interactive mediums.

The Turkey Construction Equipment Market is experiencing robust growth, with a market size of $1.7 billion in 2025 and a projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 6.5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Significant infrastructure development projects, including road construction, building projects, and urban renewal initiatives across the country, are stimulating demand for a wide range of equipment. Government investments in infrastructure and increasing private sector participation in construction are further boosting market expansion. The growing adoption of technologically advanced equipment, such as electric and hybrid machinery, reflecting a global trend towards sustainability and efficiency, is also contributing to market growth. However, factors such as fluctuations in commodity prices, particularly steel and fuel, and potential economic instability pose challenges to sustained growth. The market is segmented by machinery type (cranes, telescopic handlers, excavators, loaders, motor graders, and other equipment) and propulsion (internal combustion engine, electric, and hybrid). Major players like Caterpillar, SANY Group, Komatsu, Liebherr, and others are vying for market share, with competition intensifying as the market continues to mature. The increasing focus on safety regulations and operator training programs within the construction sector is another notable market trend. Looking ahead, the Turkish construction equipment market is expected to witness continued growth, driven by ongoing infrastructure projects and rising demand for modernized equipment. The increasing adoption of electric and hybrid models signifies a shift towards environmentally friendly construction practices. However, consistent government policy support and the mitigation of potential economic headwinds will be crucial to ensuring sustainable long-term growth. Competition among established players and new entrants is expected to intensify, potentially leading to innovative product offerings and improved customer service. The market's future trajectory will likely depend on the successful management of these intertwined factors and the strategic adaptation of market players. Recent developments include: June 2023: The governments of Turkey and Iran forged an agreement to jointly embark on the construction of a novel residential city. This ambitious project is backed by a substantial investment of USD 17 billion, underscoring the commitment of both nations to its successful realization., June 2022: Hidromek introduced a cutting-edge hydraulic system tailored for their H4 Series excavators in the Turkish market. This particular excavator model stands out as one of the most fuel-efficient construction equipment offerings from the company, contributing to more sustainable and cost-effective construction practices., Feb 2022: Zoomlion Turkey accomplished a significant milestone by delivering the initial batch of E-10 series excavators throughout Turkey. This strategic move expanded the company's product portfolio and market presence across the country, further solidifying its position as a key player in the Turkish construction equipment industry.. Key drivers for this market are: Rise in Infrastructure Development. Potential restraints include: Rise in Infrastructure Development. Notable trends are: Rising Focus On Infrastructure Activities To Drive Demand In The Market.

Snapshot img

Turkey Construction Market Size 2024-2028

The turkey construction market size is forecast to increase by USD 68.3 billion, at a CAGR of 5.96% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing demand for real estate properties. This trend is fueled by both domestic and foreign investors seeking opportunities in Turkey's thriving economy. Another key driver is the government's focus on building earthquake-resilient structures, which is leading to increased investment in advanced construction technologies and materials. However, the market faces challenges as well. The rising cost of construction materials, particularly steel and cement, poses a significant obstacle for construction firms, potentially increasing project costs and impacting profitability. To capitalize on market opportunities and navigate these challenges effectively, companies must stay informed of the latest construction trends and technologies, while also exploring cost-effective solutions for sourcing construction materials. Additionally, collaborating with local partners and suppliers can help mitigate risks and ensure regulatory compliance, ultimately positioning firms for long-term success in Turkey's dynamic construction market.

What will be the size of the Turkey Construction Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2018-2022 and forecasts 2024-2028 - in the full report.
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The construction industry in Turkey is experiencing dynamic changes, driven by various factors. Research indicates that maintenance and supervision are critical challenges, necessitating innovative solutions. Construction technology adoption, including data analytics and testing, is transforming project management and inspection processes. Building retrofit and adaptive reuse are gaining traction, contributing to the industry's future growth. Sustainable construction practices, green building design, and infrastructure maintenance are key trends, driven by policy and regulatory requirements. Specialty contracting and consulting services are essential for addressing complex projects. Construction economic outlook remains positive, with opportunities in general contracting, repair, and demolition. The industry's future hinges on workforce development, innovation, and compliance with regulations. Construction services, from project management to inspection, are evolving to meet these challenges and opportunities.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. SectorPrivatePublicEnd-userResidentialInfrastructureCommercialGeographyMiddle East and AfricaTurkey

By Sector Insights

The private segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The Turkish construction market witnesses dynamic activity and trends, driven largely by the private sector. This segment plays a pivotal role in shaping the industry's landscape, offering various services and projects throughout the country. Employment generation and economic growth are significant outcomes of this sector's growth. High-rise buildings, a notable contribution, are increasingly popular in major cities like Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir. Sustainable and energy-efficient practices, such as LEED certification and green building, are gaining traction in residential and commercial construction. Construction automation, project management, and digital transformation are key trends, with the adoption of construction management software, building information modeling, and robotics in construction. Real estate development, infrastructure projects, and industrial construction are other thriving sectors, with safety regulations, building codes, and quality control ensuring the highest standards. Construction audits, waste management, and recycling initiatives contribute to cost savings and sustainability. Construction financing, permits, and contracts are streamlined through innovative methods, enabling efficient and effective project execution. The market is characterized by continuous innovation, with precast concrete, structural steel, and 3D modeling being widely used. Skilled labor and workforce management are essential components of the industry, with quality assurance and safety regulations ensuring the delivery of top-notch projects. Infrastructure development, including bridge construction and highway construction, is ongoing, driving the demand for heavy equipment and construction machinery. Environmental regulations and sustainability are increasingly important, with the use of sustainable construction materials and a focus on energy efficiency. Construction risk

Europe has a robust chocolate and confectionary manufacturing sector owing to European consumers’ appetite for sweet treats. Europe is the world's leading producer and consumer of chocolate. The continent was responsible for 56% of the world’s cocoa beans in 2021 and accounted for 76% of worldwide chocolate sales. Notably, renowned chocolate manufacturers from Belgium and Switzerland contribute significantly to this high export rate. Germany also leads in per-capita chocolate consumption, consuming an average of 11kg of chocolate per capita annually. Consequently, the huge demand for chocolate within and outside Europe creates a profitable market for European manufacturers. While nominal sales of chocolate and sweets have grown in recent years, in real terms, industry revenue is estimated to fall at a compound annual rate of 2.9% over the five years through 2024, reaching €71.1 billion owing to the massive wave of inflation. The chocolate and confectionery industry faces challenges due to increasing sugar and cocoa prices. These rising costs have compelled European manufacturers to raise their selling prices. Although consumers continued to buy chocolate and sweets despite the price hikes, the growing cost of living threatens to reduce consumption. Statistics show that EU sugar prices alone rose by 80% in the year through June 2023, sparking attempts to minimise sugar usage in chocolate products. Industry revenue is projected to sink by 3.5% in 2024. Confectionary manufacturers are set to implement healthier solutions and pursue more sustainable practices. An increased health awareness among European consumers threatens the consumption of sugary products like chocolate. However, it could also present an opportunity for healthier alternatives like dark chocolate, which contains less sugar. Ethical sourcing and sustainability are becoming more popular as consumers increasingly demand information about their chocolate's origin and production process. As a result, European chocolate manufacturers are keen on sourcing cocoa from sustainable farms and promoting transparency in their supply chains. Overall, industry revenue is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 2.1% over the five years through 2029 to reach €78.9 billion.

The statistic shows the average inflation rate in Turkey from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the average inflation rate in Turkey was at around 58.51 percent compared to the previous year. Turkey’s economy With a continuously growing gross domestic product /GDP and thus a rising share in the global GDP adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity, Turkey’s economy is one of the largest worldwide. By 2030, Turkey is estimated to be one of the countries with the highest gross domestic product worldwide. Import of goods figures and export figures are rising as well, however, the trade balance of Turkey has been in the negative range for several years now with a downwards trend which indicates a serious trade deficit – or in other words: an imbalance between export and import costs; the value of goods Turkey imports is a lot higher than the value of exported goods. Main export partners of Turkey for textiles, automotive goods, iron and steel, among other goods, are mostly European countries, with Germany leading the ranking, followed by Iraq, Great Britain, Italy and France. The most important economic sector for Turkey is the services sector, especially the tourism sector, which has experienced a significant boost over the last decade. Thus, Turkey is now among the most popular destinations for visitors of all nations. A look at gross domestic product /GDP growth in Turkey shows that the country suffered a brief setback during the economic crisis of 2008, but swiftly recovered and was back in the black by 2010. Turkey’s employment figures hardly suffered at all, they too recovered quickly and are now back to pre-crisis levels.

The Turkish hospitality industry, valued at $5.58 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by increasing tourism, a burgeoning middle class with rising disposable incomes, and significant investments in infrastructure development, including new airports and improved transportation networks. The industry's diverse offerings, encompassing budget-friendly options to luxury accommodations like those provided by leading chains such as Wyndham, Hilton, and Marriott, cater to a wide spectrum of travelers. Growth is further fueled by the increasing popularity of unique accommodations, such as service apartments, which appeal to longer-stay visitors and business travelers seeking more space and amenities. While challenges such as global economic fluctuations and potential seasonality in tourism could impact growth, the overall outlook remains positive, particularly considering Turkey's strategic geographic location and rich cultural heritage, making it a desirable destination for both leisure and business travel. The consistent 4.12% CAGR projected through 2033 indicates sustained and healthy expansion for the sector. The segmentation within the industry, with various hotel types and price points catering to diverse customer needs, allows for a resilience against economic downturns as different segments are affected differently depending on the economic situation. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of international hotel chains and established domestic players. International chains benefit from brand recognition and established global distribution networks, while local chains possess a strong understanding of local market preferences and can offer competitive pricing. Future growth will likely be influenced by factors such as government policies supporting tourism, the adoption of sustainable practices within the hospitality sector, and technological advancements such as online booking platforms and personalized guest experiences. The strategic focus of major players on diversifying their offerings and expanding into new regions within Turkey will contribute to the overall expansion of the market. Maintaining a balance between catering to the influx of international tourists and serving the needs of the growing domestic market will be crucial for continued success. Recent developments include: December 2023: Choice Hotels International Inc. announced an exchange offer to acquire Wyndham Hotels & Resorts Inc. The exchange offer gives Wyndham shareholders the option to choose between receiving the consideration entirely in cash, entirely in shares, or a combination of both, with a customary proration mechanism in place., July 2022: Accor finalized an agreement with Salter Brothers to incorporate nine Mercure hotels into its expanding portfolio. The inclusion of these nine Mercure hotels expands the Mercure brand from 44 properties to 53 in Australia. This growth solidifies Mercure's position as the largest and fastest-growing global midscale brand in the country.. Key drivers for this market are: Government's Efforts to Promote Tourism and Invest in Infrastructure, Popular Destination for Tourists Impact the demand for the Hospitality Market. Potential restraints include: Government's Efforts to Promote Tourism and Invest in Infrastructure, Popular Destination for Tourists Impact the demand for the Hospitality Market. Notable trends are: Investment in Hotel and Tourisum Sector Drive the Market.

Tourism Revenues in Turkey decreased to 9451 USD Million in the first quarter of 2025 from 13788 USD Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Turkey Tourism Revenues- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Turkish construction industry, valued at $53.31 billion in 2025, exhibits robust growth potential, projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.12% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key drivers. Government infrastructure projects, particularly in transportation (roads, railways, airports) and energy & utilities (power plants, renewable energy infrastructure), significantly contribute to market expansion. Furthermore, a burgeoning population and increasing urbanization within Turkey are driving demand for residential and commercial construction. Tourism infrastructure development also plays a significant role, stimulating investment in hotels, resorts, and related facilities. However, challenges persist. Economic fluctuations and potential material cost increases pose risks to project timelines and profitability. Furthermore, skilled labor shortages and regulatory complexities can impact project execution. The industry's segmentation reveals a diversified market, with residential construction likely representing the largest segment, followed by infrastructure projects due to substantial government spending. Major players like Renaissance Construction, Enka Insaat, and Limak Insaat hold significant market share, though a number of mid-sized and smaller firms also contribute to the industry's dynamism. The geographic distribution of projects is largely concentrated within Turkey, though international involvement from companies with projects across multiple regions may influence regional market shares. The forecast period (2025-2033) suggests continued growth, though the pace may be influenced by macroeconomic factors. Successfully navigating challenges like inflation and supply chain disruptions will be critical for sustained expansion. The focus on sustainable building practices and the adoption of innovative technologies like Building Information Modeling (BIM) will shape the future competitive landscape. Companies that effectively manage risks, embrace technological advancements, and adapt to evolving regulatory requirements are poised to capture the greatest market share. The long-term outlook remains positive, fueled by ongoing urbanization, infrastructure development, and the government's commitment to economic growth. However, careful monitoring of economic indicators and proactive risk management are essential for stakeholders to navigate the inherent uncertainties of the construction sector. Recent developments include: March 2023: Alarko Holding has announced the acquisition of 30,000 square meters of indoor geothermal greenhouse from Ser Farm Greenhouse Food Agriculture and Industry Joint Stock Company in the province of Afyonkarahisar in Türkiye. The price of acquisition was TL 60.17 million (approx. USD 3.16 million)., December 2022:Groupe ADP member TAV Airports has secured a concession extension to operate Ankara Esenboga Airport in Turkey for another 25 years. This followed an auction held by the Turkish State Airports Authority (DHMI), where TAV emerged as the winner with its bid of EUR 475m (USD 503m). TAV’s existing contract to operate Ankara Esenboğa Airport is valid until May 2025. The new contract begins from 24 May 2025 to 23 May 2050, with TAV planning to spend around EUR 300m during this period to develop the airport.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Increasing manufacturing sites4.; The increasing middle-income group and access to mortgage finance. Potential restraints include: 4., Increasing manufacturing sites4.; The increasing middle-income group and access to mortgage finance. Notable trends are: Demand for Upgrading & Ongoing Infrastructure Projects to Boost the Construction Sector.

Europe has a large and developed spirit distilling industry, owing to its place in European tradition and large market of alcohol drinkers. Eight of the world's 10 top alcohol-consuming nations lie in Europe. However, the tide is turning, as alcohol consumption is declining across the continent, fuelled by increasing health consciousness. The World Health Organisation's 2021 European health report states that Europeans consume 9.5 litres of pure alcohol, down 21% on 2000. Revenue is projected to fall at a compound annual rate of 5.8% over the five years through 2024, including a 4.8% fall in 2024 to €34.4 billion. Despite shrinking consumption, Europe's spirits are popular around the globe. World-renowned scotch whisky, Irish whiskey, cognac, gin and vodka originate from Europe. This European heritage fetches a premium in global markets. The premiumisation of the industry has supported healthy profitability for disteleries, though lower demand from on-trade markets has dampned profit somewhat since 2020. Major beverage companies dominate the landscape and constantly introduce popular brands to the market. Pernod Richard holds 240 brands and caters to a wide range of tastes and budgets by offering a mix of both mass-produced flagship and high-end luxury brands. A continued decline in alcohol consumption due to escalating health concerns presents challenges. European producers will face more competition from foreign producers driven by changing consumer preferences and a diversifying migrant population. Spirits such as South America's aguardente, cachaça and pisco will likely gain popularity in Spain and Portugal, home to a growing South American community. Nevertheless, the premiumisation of the market is set to support the industry. Revenue is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 2.6% over the five years through 2029 to €39 billion.

Department store revenue is expected to inch upwards at a compound annual rate of 1.9% over the five years through 2025. Department stores were once hailed as a one-stop shop and a shopper's favourite, but the retail landscape has changed. Department stores have been slow to keep up with what's in vogue and shoppers' need for instant gratification, losing sales to e-tailers and fast-fashion brands. Some department stores have successfully adopted new strategies to fend off competition, like rolling out in-house bars, cafes and restaurants for shoppers to rest and refuel or introducing beauty bars for a quick pick-me-up. Nonetheless, price competition remains intense as income pressures remain evident – with growth driven by price increases over buying more. In 2025, revenue is slated to remain steady at 0% growth to €227.4 billion. The average profit margin reached 9.4%, a dip from five years ago thanks to intense competition. Department store revenue is forecast to inch upwards at a compound annual rate of 4.7% over the five years through 2030 to €286.7 billion. Competition will remain fierce and department stores will need to adapt to survive. The outdated retail-only business model no longer resonates with mindful consumers, who crave experiences and community. Social media continues to become ever-more prevalent and the power of influencers will only grow, making social commerce a top priority. Sustainability has become more than just a buzzword, particularly in light of the European Parliament’s fight against fast fashion, so department stores will need to improve their green credentials to stay in demand. Meanwhile, demographic trends will push digitisation in department stores.

Market Overview: The Turkish defense and aerospace industry holds a prominent position globally, with a market size valued at 15.27 million in 2025 and projected to grow at a CAGR of 1.15% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by factors such as the country's geographical strategic importance, expanding defense expenditure, and increasing demand for modernization of military equipment. Key trends shaping the industry include growing investments in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), digitalization, and artificial intelligence (AI). Key Segments and Industry Dynamics: The industry is segmented into production analysis, consumption analysis, import and export market analysis, and price trend analysis. Major companies operating in the sector include Turkish Technic, Airbus SE, The Boeing Company, STM Savunma Teknolojileri, and ASELSAN AS. The Turkish defense and aerospace industry faces challenges such as geopolitical tensions, fluctuations in defense budgets, and global economic uncertainties. However, with its skilled workforce and robust infrastructure, Turkey is well-positioned to maintain its role as a significant player in the global defense and aerospace market. The Turkish defense and aerospace industry is a significant contributor to the country's economy, with a strong focus on innovation, exports, and local production. The industry is characterized by a high level of concentration, with a few major players dominating the market. These include Turkish Technic, Airbus SE, The Boeing Company, STM Savunma Teknolojileri Muhendislik ve Ticaret AS, ASELSAN AS, FNSS Savunma Sistemleri AS, KOC Holding AS, HAVELSAN AS, Mechanical and Chemical Industry Company (MKEK), TUSAS (Turkish Aerospace Industries), ROKETSAN AS, and BMC Otomotiv Sanayi ve Ticaret AS. Recent developments include: September 2023: Turkish Airlines placed an order for ten Airbus A350-900 aircraft. Currently, Turkish Airlines operates a fleet of 14 A350-900s., July 2022: Turkish Airlines received delivery of an Airbus A350. In August 2022, two more Airbus A350s were added to the fleet of Turkish Airlines. The aircraft was manufactured for Aeroflot (Russian Airlines), but due to sanctions on Russia, Aeroflot did not take delivery of the aircraft; instead, Turkish Airlines took the delivery., July 2022: The Turkish Defense Association (SSB) announced that the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) received the first batch of the Sungur Weapon System, a portable air defense missile system effective against unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), jets, and helicopters. The Sungur Weapon System was developed by Roketsan, a local weapons manufacturer and defense contractor.. Key drivers for this market are: Increase in Internet of Things (IoT) and Autonomous Systems, Rise in Demand for Military and Defense Satellite Communication Solutions. Potential restraints include: Cybersecurity Threats to Satellite Communication, Interference in Transmission of Data. Notable trends are: Aerospace Segment to Witness Highest Grwoth During the Forecast Period.

Abstract

The project on "Promoting Competitiveness in Micro and Small Enterprises" (MSE) was initiated in 2000 by the Economic Research Forum, with the main objective has been to expand the knowledge on this sector in the Middle East and North Africa region, with the ultimate aim of designing relevant policies and specific programs to help this sector fulfill its enormous growth potentials. Constituting an average of 95% of the number of enterprises in the region, it is presumed that promoting this sector will have a positive spill-over effect on the economies of the region.

Discussions on the results of the project have pointed to an emerging consensus that it will be filling a knowledge gap related to the micro and small enterprises sector in the MENA region. Policies and strategies designed to promote this sector have not been adequately targeting their needs, and thus this project is considered to be of great relevance to the policy making process. Specifically, the main contributions may be summarized as follows:

1) The database gathered through the project based on field surveys is considered unique, as to the number of enterprises covered (18,000), and the information produced, including information on the enterprise, the entrepreneur and the household. A special focus on women entrepreneurs have been made throughout the survey. This mine of data will undoubtedly provide background information that enables policy makers to design relevant policies.

2) The "Policy Briefs" gives a concise summary of the outcome of each country study and highlights the recommendations reached based on the analysis.

3) The current Country reports series is prepared based on the findings of the surveys, detailed information about the performance of the enterprises, determinants of success and prospects for the future are given. Special focus on the status of women entrepreneurs is also made.

4) The Synthesis report will have a comparative analytical approach of the case studies of the four countries. This report will asses the MSE sector in the four countries and will draw relevant policy recommendations for the region.

It has been evidently shown that promoting this sector could contribute to the solution of the increasing unemployment problem in the region, and a means to alleviate poverty through income generation. The spillover effects that this sector if properly developed will positively affect the development of the countries concerned. However, the real level of knowledge about the MSEs is surprisingly low.

The Micro and Small Enterprises survey (MSEs) study in Turkey attempts to make an essential contribution to the knowledge of MSEs in Turkey by investigating both the internal conditions and the dynamics of MSEs as well as examining the external economic and social conditions pertaining to their performance and development. For the most part, studies of small enterprises in Turkey focus on the SMEs operating in the manufacturing sector. Furthermore, they lay emphasis on larger SMEs. The present study, by contrast, focuses on a neglected group of enterprises in the Turkish economy, namely, the portion of the SMEs which contain smaller enterprises. This portion is significant; it constitutes 99.4% of the total nonagricultural enterprises in Turkey (TURKSTAT, 2002). Moreover, this study does not only cover the manufacturing sector, but all sectors of the economy except the agricultural sector. It is also distinguished by its scope of investigation as it provides an assessment of MSEs in the economy as a whole within a dynamic context.

The present study attempts to identify the following:

i. the importance of MSEs in the economy vis-à-vis their contribution to the national value-added and employment in the main sectors of the economy; ii. the characteristics of MSEs and their entrepreneurs, with particular emphasize on their similarities, differences, and the ways in which they affect the performance of the MSEs; iii. the dynamics of success and failure of MSEs; iv. the role played by the economic and social environment in enabling or hindering the performance of MSEs, thus focusing on the legal, bureaucratic, economic, financial and social conditions that constrain or facilitate the operation of MSEs; and v. the policy recommendations that would enable MSEs to perform their activities in a more efficient way, and at the same time contributing to their growth and generation of decent and productive work.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

1- Enterprises. 2- Households. 3- Individuals.

Universe

The survey covered all enterprises engaging up to 50 people including the working proprietors and unpaid family workers. A number of activities have been excluded from the investigations because they were of lower priority in relation to the focus of the research project. This means that the definition of MSEs refers to enterprises consisting of a person producing accessories for sale in the market, as well as factories with 30 or 40 workers. Both formal and informal enterprises falling within the MSE universe were the subject of investigations.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling was national in coverage and is chosen by stratified, multi-stage systematic sampling method by the TURKSTAT. In Stage 1, 19 provinces were selected from 5 strata11 that were stratified in terms of socio-economic development level of the provinces compiled by the State Planning Organization (SPO). The selection of provinces from each stratum was carried out by weighted probability regarding the number of enterprises in each province. In stage 2, 432 PSUs with a minimum of 45 enterprises in urban areas of the 19 provinces were selected based on census of buildings for the year 2000 by the SIS, and 100 villages were selected in the rural area.

Urban areas: Settlements with population over 20,000. These settlements include the central city of the province and district centers (ilce) with a population over 20,000. Rural areas: Villages with a population between 500 and 2,000.

Some of the sample villages visited during the survey selected by the TURKSTAT, were more or less deserted and usually had only one grocery shop as an enterprise. But this was not always clearly reflected in the Population Census. This is because the municipalities receive their budget from the central administration in proportion to their population. Thus in order to compensate for the dearth of population in the villages, most of the municipalities arrange bus trips for migrants living in the big cities like Istanbul, taking them to their home towns and villages during the national census in order to increase their allowances from the public sources. The persistence of this practice means that the population of some villages is not reflected accurately in the population census. They are usually inflated.

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A more detailed description of the different sampling stages and allocation of sample across governorates is provided in Appendix 5 in the full report available among external resources.

Sampling deviation

Due to the lack of a nation-wide survey of establishments for both rural and urban areas, the selection of villages was carried out without a reliable stratification process. It was decided to exclude the rural enterprises from the sample before the weighting and extrapolating process. The rural MSEs interviewed could be evaluated separately from the urban MSEs that constitute a representative sample of MSEs for the urban areas.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire used in the main survey included four different forms:

Form I. The enterprise list, used for listing all the enterprises within the PSU9 to identify the enterprise, entrepreneur, and associated household. All members of the enterprise universe were included in the first listing (identifying nature of enterprise), but those in excluded activities were not given the Form II used in the main survey.

Exclusion rules concern agricultural and non-market activities, illegal activities, production for own personal use, mobile vendors, domestic services, professional services (except ICT) and enterprises with 50 and more persons engaged.

Sampling rule designed to under-sample smaller sizes and men entrepreneurs Entrepreneur women: (size 1=>1/5; size 2-9 =>1/1; size 10-49=>1/1) Entrepreneur men: (size 1=>1/10; size 2-9 =>1/2; size 10-49=>1/1)

The size 1 enterprises were deliberately under-sampled to avoid dominating the sample by enterprises size 1, and therefore have statistically significant number of enterprises in the sample for the larger size. The over sampling of enterprises with women entrepreneurs was necessary in order to ensure that the sample included sufficient number of women entrepreneurs to obtain statistically significant results.

Form II. Household roster-enterprise identification. This type of questionnaire included identification variables for the members of the household and possible MSEs at home.

Form III. Enterprise-entrepreneur questionnaire focused on characteristics of the entrepreneur and enterprise. Form III contained 322 questions related to the characteristics of the entrepreneur and the enterprise, growth performance, access to credit, financial and business services, relations with business associations, status of registration, level of technology, value of

Europe's Precious and Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacturing industry has had a volatile run recently, heavily impacted by fluctuating metal prices and the far-reaching effects of COVID-19. A significant presence scattered across the continent, including Germany, France, Italy, and Eastern Europe, ensures a highly competitive market. However, it's also laden with challenges due to growing imports from cost-effective Asian countries, primarily China. The high volatility in metal prices, coupled with a drop in demand from various sectors during COVID-19 and recent economic slowdown in 2023 and 2024, have weighed on industry revenue. Still, revenue is projected to contract at a compound annual rate of 6.2% to €321.6 billion over the five years through 2025. The easing of restrictions and the rebound in economic activity brought a surge in demand for metals from downstream manufacturing industries and construction in 2021. But soaring inflation in 2022, coupled with the energy crisis triggered by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, disrupted manufacturers heavily by severely raising production costs. Even though gold prices remained high due to ongoing uncertainty, reduced demand adversely affected most non-ferrous metals. Metal price fluctuations and intense competition, including inexpensive imports from China, have constrained profit since 2022. Looking forward, demand from car manufacturers and the boom in electric vehicles (EVs) should bolster growth prospects. The rising use of aluminium and copper in EVs offers opportunities for non-ferrous metal manufacturers. Expanding construction sector across Europe will also fuel demand for non-ferrous metals. However, fluctuating metal prices and competition from Asian, primarily Chinese, imports could dampen growth to some extent. Sustainability will be a significant factor shaping the industry's trajectory. European manufacturers will need to align with the push for a circular economy and focus on reducing CO2 emissions through modernised processes and recycling practices. Revenue is forecast to expand at a compound annual rate of 6.3% to €437.4 billion over the five years through 2030.

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Turkey Ceramic Tiles Market Size 2025-2029

The Turkey ceramic tiles market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.04 billion at a CAGR of 6.5% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by various trends and factors. One key trend is the increasing promotional activities for ceramic tile products, which is boosting market demand. Additionally, the exports of Turkish ceramic tiles have been on the rise, contributing to the market's expansion. However, uncertainties in construction projects pose a challenge to market growth. Despite these challenges, the market is expected to continue its upward trajectory due to the growing popularity of ceramic tiles as a cost-effective and durable flooring solution. The increasing adoption of ceramic tiles in residential and commercial applications, coupled with advancements in technology leading to the production of more innovative and design-oriented tiles, further fuels market growth. Overall, the market is poised for steady expansion in the coming years.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market encompasses the production and distribution of floor and wall tiles, known for their cracking resistance, water resistance, and aesthetic appeal. This market experiences continuous growth due to increasing construction activities in both residential and non-residential sectors. Infrastructure development, rising population, and disposable income contribute to the market's expansion. Technological advancements, such as digital printing technology and inkjet printing, enable the creation of immaculate designs, slip resistance, and seamless designs, making ceramic tiles a popular choice for flooring and wall coverings.


Industry trends include the production of eco-friendly building materials, low-emission products, and scratch-resistant ceramic tiles. Environmental concern and the push for sustainable housing further fuel market growth. The construction sector's modern infrastructure development and public demand for high-end design and smart cities also drive the market's direction. Remodeling projects and the use of renewable sources further expand the market's potential.

How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Ceramic floor tiles
  Ceramic wall tiles
  Others


End-user

  Residential
  Commercial


Type

  Porcelain
  Glazed
  Unglazed


Geography

  Turkey

By Product Insights

The ceramic floor tiles segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market encompasses a variety of products, with the ceramic floor tiles segment experiencing significant growth due to their aesthetic appeal, durability, and versatile applications. Glazed ceramic tiles, a popular choice, undergo a special finishing process involving the application of liquid glass, resulting in a glossy finish and stain-resistant surface. These tiles are renowned for their attractive appearance and are used extensively in both residential and commercial settings. Conversely, non-glazed ceramic floor tiles offer a more matte finish and are preferred for their rustic look. Both tile types are moisture and fire resistant, making them suitable for various applications, including kitchens, bathrooms, and tile backsplashes.

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Market Dynamics

Our Turkey Ceramic Tiles Market researchers analyzed the data with 2024 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges. A holistic analysis of drivers will help companies refine their marketing strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

What are the key market drivers leading to the rise in adoption of Turkey Ceramic Tiles Market?

Growing promotional activities for ceramic tile products is the key driver of the market. The ceramics industry in Turkey hosts several annual fairs and exhibitions, organized by leading trade associations such as the Turkish Ceramics Federation (TSF), Trade Association for Sanitary and Building Supplies (TIMDER), the Kitchen and Bathroom Furniture Industrialists and Importers Association, and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Organization of Turkey. 
These events attract both regional and international industry leaders from countries including Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Egypt, India, China, Taiwan, Serbia, and Iran. The primary objectives of these fairs and exhibitions are to foster significant trade relationships for the growth of the Turkish ceramics industry and to establish procurement commitues.

What are the market trends shaping the Turkey Cera

Market Analysis The global paper and paperboard packaging industry is projected to grow from a value of $398.65 million in 2025 to $629.54 million by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 4.68% during the forecast period. This growth is primarily driven by the rising demand for sustainable packaging solutions, increasing e-commerce activities, and growing consumption of packaged goods. The industry is highly fragmented, with key players including WestRock Company, Smurfit Kappa Group, Nippon Paper Industries Ltd., and DS Smith PLC. Market Segments and Regional Trends The paper and paperboard packaging industry is segmented based on production, consumption, import and export markets, and price trends. Production analysis reveals the dominance of Asia Pacific, followed by North America and Europe. Consumption analysis indicates a significant share of North America and Europe, while import and export market analyses highlight the key trading regions. Regional trends suggest that North America and Asia Pacific are projected to remain as the largest markets, driven by economic growth and a growing consumer base. Recent developments include: December 2022: WestRock Company announced it successfully acquired Grupo Gondi's remaining interest for USD 970 million plus debt assumption. The Grupo Gondi acquisition includes four paper mills, nine corrugated packaging facilities, and six high graphic facilities throughout Mexico. These facilities produce sustainable packaging for a variety of regional end markets. The company's dominant position in the expanding corrugated packaging, consumer goods, paperboard, and containerboard markets in Latin America will be strengthened by this acquisition., September 2022: Mondi concluded merging its Mondi Tire Kutsanand Mondi Olmuksan companies. The transaction created a new company called Mondi Turkey Oluklu Mukavva to Mondi's corrugated packaging business area. The company has nine corrugated packaging facilities, a containerboard mill in Tire, Turkey, and a wastepaper collection facility in Adana, Turkey, and it is traded on the Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST). Mondi owns an 84.65% ownership in Mondi Turkey Oluklu Mukavva, which has around 1,600 workers.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Demand from the Food and Beverage Sector, Regulations on Plastic-based Packaging Products Contribute to Higher Demand; Increasing Growth of E-commerce Creates Demand for Various Paper and Paperboard Packaging Types. Potential restraints include: Concerns Regarding the Environment and Recycling. Notable trends are: Increase in Demand from the Food and Beverage Sector.

Industry revenue is forecast to climb at a compound annual rate of 1.7% over the five years through 2025 to €220 billion. The postal and courier industry in Europe is undergoing a significant transformation. While traditional mail volumes are declining, e-commerce parcel delivery has surged, exacerbated by the COVID-19 outbreak, supporting revenue growth. Many postal and courier companies adapted swiftly, expanding their last-mile delivery capabilities to meet the increased demand. Despite this, the industry faced operational challenges like labour shortages, fluctuating fuel prices and an emphasis on cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solutions. Digital transformation has become essential, with online tracking, real-time delivery updates and contactless delivery options becoming the norm. Postal services have diversified into financial, retail and e-commerce support services to remain competitive. Competition from new entrants and the demand for faster, more reliable deliveries have reshaped industry dynamics. Recent investments in digital and automated technologies have become crucial for the industry as it grapples with high operating costs. These advancements streamline processes and enhance efficiency, which in turn support profitability. Additionally, by reducing energy inefficiency, these technologies allow companies to invest in sustainability efforts, like expanding electric vehicle fleets and installing energy-efficient systems in buildings. These initiatives improve their environmental credentials, attracting eco-conscious consumers. In 2025, revenue is forecast to increase by 0.5%. Industry revenue is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 4.4% over the five years through 2030to €273.5 billion. The industry is poised for continued growth, driven by the ongoing e-commerce growth and evolving customer expectations, including next-day and even same-day delivery. Digital innovation, automation and green delivery solutions will be vital for maintaining competitiveness and meeting environmental goals. Companies that can adapt to shifting market dynamics, streamline operations and provide sustainable, efficient services will thrive in the future postal and courier landscape.

Over the past five years, dairy production in Europe has shrunk amid soaring inflation and shifting consumer habits. Dairy processors have continued to enjoy strong consumer demand despite the rising popularity of plant-based alternatives. Rather than being contenders, these vegan-friendly options have complemented traditional dairy consumption. Consumers have diversified their diets to incorporate both dairy and dairy-free products, keeping dairy processors’ sales afloat. Economic challenges have shaped dairy production trends, with French consumers leaning toward factory-produced, lower-margin dairy. Meanwhile, profit has risen as processors have taken cost-cutting measures. Revenue is projected to fall at a compound annual rate of 1.7% over the five years through 2024 to reach an estimated €259.4 billion. In 2024 alone, revenue will shrink by an estimated 1.9% as the effects of inflation take hold. In recent years, the industry has benefitted from export growth. European dairy products, especially those sourced from Germany and the Netherlands, have seen escalating demand in global markets. This has mainly been fuelled by trade agreements and global market expansions, opening doors to lucrative opportunities for export. Notably, those specialising in unique dairy products, like speciality cheeses, are reaping the benefits. Still, this growth has also exposed Europe's dairy processors to the unpredictable nature of global market fluctuations and trade tensions. Looking ahead, dairy producers will contend with the swelling popularity of plant-based alternatives like oat, almond and soy milk. Thanks to cultural shifts driven by health, environmental sustainability and animal welfare concerns, demand for these alternatives is set to surge. Simultaneously, the industry is gearing up to adopt advanced technologies, including AI, robotics and the Internet of Things, to improve efficiency and product quality while reducing costs. These advancements will steer the industry toward more sustainable and profitable practices. In line with the ballooning eco-awareness, demand for sustainable and locally sourced dairy products is expected to surge as inflation cools down. Over the five years through 2029, industry revenue is projected to climb at a compound annual rate of 4.5% to reach an estimated €323.4 billion.