This statistic shows the ten biggest cities in Turkey in 2021. At the end of 2021, approximately 15.2 million people lived in Istanbul, making it the biggest city in Turkey.

The urban population of Turkey

The total population of Turkey is on its way to reaching 80 million inhabitants, which is about the same amouint as the population of Germany. Slightly more than half of the Turkish population live in urban areas, with Istanbul being home to the largest portion of this urban population with close to 14 million inhabitants. This is about 20 percent of the entire population.

Istanbul is located at the entrance to the Black Sea, between Europe and Asia. It is attractive to both the people of Turkey as a place to live and work and foreign tourists who take advantage of its cultural and historic center. Due to its attractiveness and its location at the crossroads of the east and the west, the city has been investing in transportation infrastructure to support its strategic location and increasing growth.

Ankara, the capital of Turkey, is the second largest city and home to about 4.5 million people. Izmir is the third largest, with almost 3 million inhabitants. A vast amount of the country’s population is located in these three metropolises.

In 2024, Istanbul ranked 51st worldwide, obtaining a score of over 15 in terms of its startup ecosystem. In the same year, the capital city of Turkey placed second on the list, with a ranking of 260.

As of 2024, the leading city for startups in Turkey was Istanbul, with a total score of 15.07 The capital city, Ankara, followed as second in the ranking, obtaining a score of 1.6 points.

Comprehensive dataset of 95 City tax offices in Turkey as of June, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

The gross domestic product per capita varied between provinces of Turkey. Under the observed period, Istanbul generally registered the highest GDP per capita. However, from 2021, Kocaeli ranked first, with its GDP per capita totaling almost ****** U.S. dollars in 2023. The capital city, Ankara, came third in the ranking, with a GDP per capita of ****** U.S. dollars.

Comprehensive dataset of 3 Dept of City Treasures in Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

The 2000 Families: Migration Histories of Turks in Europe project explores migration processes, the multi-generational transmission of social, cultural, religious and economic resources, values and behavior. The research is targeted Turkish migrant and non-migrant families, their members in European countries and those who did not migrate to European countries or returned to Turkey, and involves survey interviews with approximately 6000 family members across three generations.

The study consists of three parts: Family Tree (Pilot and Main), Proxy interviews (Pilot and Main) and Personal interviews (Pilot and Main).

I. Information on first generation man (IKE): male ancestor is migrant or non-migrant; still alive; place of birth; year of birth (age); ethnic family origin; left his place of birth for more than five years; migration within Turkey; country of first destination; place of first destination (NUTS); year or age of internal migration; year or age of international emigration; ever moved to Europe for more than five years and country; year or age of moving; country of current (last) residence; duration of stay in Europe; number of siblings; place in the rank; age; sex of siblings; sibling moved to Europe between 1960-1974; emigration motive(s); spouse is alive; emigration(s) of spouse; year of emigration(s) of spouse; current (last) marriage was his first marriage; end of the first marriage; arranged marriage; year of marriage; ethnic family origin of spouse; spouse is (was) a relative; religion of spouse (or partner); highest level of education; first main job (ISCO-88 and ISEI); job title of current or last job (ISCO-88 and ISEI); kind of job; occupation of the father of IKE (ISCO-88 and ISEI); religion (denomination); left the country before he died; age or year of death; country of death; legal marital status at time of death; information on IKE´s children, grandchildren and great grandchildren.

Additionally coded was: children code; grandchildren code; rank number of children, grandchildren and great grandchildren; generation.

II. 1. Information about respondent and migration history: migration status; year of first migration; age of first migration; country of current stay (NUTS); name of the city, town or village; degree of urbanization; city is usual place of living; name of the nearest city; usual place of living, degree of urbanization, nearest city, and country of usual place of living; place of birth, and degree of urbanization; nearest city to place of birth; country of place of birth; respondent left his country for at least one year and number of countries; destination countries; age of migration; main reason for moving; regularly movement between two countries; names of these two countries;

1. Achieved education and occupation: completed education or still in education; literacy; age when finished education; country in which the respondent finished his education; highest level of education; information on first occupation and current (or last) occupation (ISCO-88 und ISEI); country of first job; occupational status; number of supervised employees; ethnic or national origin of the person who directly manages (managed) the respondent in this current or last job; number of Turkish colleagues; working hours; usual take home pay; currency; covered period of payment.

2. Family: marriage and fertility: legal marital status; stable relationship; living together with a partner; number of marriages; age when first married; end of the first marriage due to death of a partner or divorce; divorced; age when first marriage ended; age or year of first divorce; age when married current or most recent spouse; number of children; sex and age of these children.

3. Family relations: year of birth of mother and father; parents are alive; living together with parents; country of current stay; frequency of contact with parents; distance to the living place of parents; frequency of provided advice and financial support for own parents in the last 12 months; frequency of received support and financial support; attitude towards intergenerational relations and gender roles; responsible person for family finances.

4. Attachment to Turkey and to the country and identity: Turkish citizenship; feeling connected to people from Turkey; portion of friends with Turkish background; citizenship of the country of residence; feeling connected with country nationals; preferred country to win the Eurovision Song Contest;...

In 2023, non-Turkish citizens purchased **** thousand houses in Antalya, making it the most popular city in the ranking. Istanbul followed as the second most favored city to buy a house in Turkey, with over ** thousand homes purchased by foreigners.

Comprehensive dataset of 22 City parks in Antalya, Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

Comprehensive dataset of 3 City parks in Şanlıurfa, Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

Comprehensive dataset of 17 City department of transportations in Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

Comprehensive dataset of 8 City employment departments in Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

Comprehensive dataset of 1 City parks in Tunceli, Turkey as of June, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

In 2023, there were a total of *** museums operating in Turkey. The largest city of the country, Istanbul, recorded the highest count of museums that year, with ** public and ** private museums. The capital city, Ankara, ranked second, counting * public and ** private museums.

In 2024, Russia had the largest population among European countries at ***** million people. The next largest countries in terms of their population size were Turkey at **** million, Germany at **** million, the United Kingdom at **** million, and France at **** million. Europe is also home to some of the world’s smallest countries, such as the microstates of Liechtenstein and San Marino, with populations of ****** and ****** respectively. Europe’s largest economies Germany was Europe’s largest economy in 2023, with a Gross Domestic Product of around *** trillion Euros, while the UK and France are the second and third largest economies, at *** trillion and *** trillion euros respectively. Prior to the mid-2000s, Europe’s fourth-largest economy, Italy, had an economy that was of a similar sized to France and the UK, before diverging growth patterns saw the UK and France become far larger economies than Italy. Moscow and Istanbul the megacities of Europe Two cities on the eastern borders of Europe were Europe’s largest in 2023. The Turkish city of Istanbul, with a population of 15.8 million, and the Russian capital, Moscow, with a population of 12.7 million. Istanbul is arguably the world’s most famous transcontinental city with territory in both Europe and Asia and has been an important center for commerce and culture for over 2,000 years. Paris was the third largest European city with a population of ** million, with London being the fourth largest at *** million.

Comprehensive dataset of 2 City parks in Kastamonu, Turkey as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

In 2023, a total of roughly **** million houses were sold in Turkey. The city with the most sold houses was the largest in Turkey, Istanbul, with about ******* dwellings. The capital city, Ankara, ranked second, recording over ******* houses sold in 2023.

In 2023, Russia was the leading inbound travel market for Turkey based on the volume of tourist arrivals, reaching over *** million visitors. Germany and the United Kingdom followed on the list, with approximately *** and *** million arrivals, respectively. One of the most popular destinations in Europe With hundreds of beaches, mountains, nature, and historical sites in various cities, Turkey has plenty of activities to offer to tourists. Consequently, the country attracts millions of visitors every year. In 2023, following Italy, Turkey ranked fourth among the most popular destinations in Europe, having welcomed over ** million travelers. That year, Turkey’s inbound tourism receipts amounted to **** billion U.S. dollars, which placed the country fifth among other European destinations. Inbound tourism in Turkey The country saw a sharp decrease in the number of inbound tourist arrivals in 2020 and 2021 due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, from 2022 onwards, the figures caught up with the pre-pandemic levels. In 2023, over ** million international tourists visited Turkey, which was the peak value recorded since 2000. In the same year, the vast majority of foreign travelers arrived in Turkey with the purpose of travel, entertainment, sport, or cultural activities. Furthermore, about *** million foreigners visited their relatives and friends in Turkey.

In Turkey, approximately **** million students enrolled in the higher education programs for the academic year 2022/2023, of which over *** million started studying to receive their bachelor's degrees. Additionally, more than *** million students enrolled in associate studies, which is a two-year higher education program in Turkey. Higher education sector As of 2012, compulsory education in Turkey consists of 12 years and is divided into three levels: primary, elementary, and secondary education. If successful, students might continue their studies at a university, after taking the National University Entrance Examination. Although the higher education sector is mainly dominated by the public universities, there are also 75 private universities in Turkey for students to choose from. According to the Times Higher Education ranking, two of the top three universities in Turkey were also private institutions. Koç and Sabanci Universities, which are located in Istanbul, placed first on the list, along with Middle East Technical University, which was a public institution located in the capital city of Ankara. Education level of the Turkish society Following the declaration of the Turkish Republic, a letter revolution was made in the country with replacing The Ottoman Turkish script with the Latin alphabet in 1928. Since then, the education level of the Turkish society has been increasing. In 2023, approximately *** million people in Turkey were illiterate, compared to almost **** million in 2008. This represented around ***** percent of the inhabitants of the country. In addition to that, the share of the population with a university or other higher education degree reached ** percent as of 2023.

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