Context:

The provided dataset is extracted from yahoo finance using pandas and yahoo finance library in python. This deals with stock market index of the world best economies. The code generated data from Jan 01, 2003 to Jun 30, 2023 that’s more than 20 years. There are 18 CSV files, dataset is generated for 16 different stock market indices comprising of 7 different countries. Below is the list of countries along with number of indices extracted through yahoo finance library, while two CSV files deals with annualized return and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) has been computed from the extracted data.

Number of Countries & Index:

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F90ce8a986761636e3edbb49464b304d8%2FNumber%20of%20Index.JPG?generation=1688490342207096&alt=media" alt="">

Content:

Unit of analysis: Stock Market Index Analysis

This dataset is useful for research purposes, particularly for conducting comparative analyses involving capital market performance and could be used along with other economic indicators.

There are 18 distinct CSV files associated with this dataset. First 16 CSV files deals with number of indices and last two CSV file deals with annualized return of each year and CAGR of each index. If data in any column is blank, it portrays that index was launch in later years, for instance: Bse500 (India), this index launch in 2007, so earlier values are blank, similarly China_Top300 index launch in year 2021 so early fields are blank too.

The extraction process involves applying different criteria, like in 16 CSV files all columns are included, Adj Close is used to calculate annualized return. The algorithm extracts data based on index name (code given by the yahoo finance) according start and end date.

Annualized return and CAGR has been calculated and illustrated in below image along with machine readable file (CSV) attached to that.

To extract the data provided in the attachment, various criteria were applied:

1. Content Filtering: The data was filtered based on several attributes, including the index name, start and end date. This filtering process ensured that only relevant data meeting the specified criteria.

2. Collaborative Filtering: Another filtering technique used was collaborative filtering using yahoo finance, which relies on index similarity. This approach involves finding indices that are similar to other index or extended dataset scope to other countries or economies. By leveraging this method, the algorithm identifies and extracts data based on similarities between indices.

In the last two CSV files, one belongs to annualized return, that was calculated based on the Adj close column and new DataFrame created to store its outcome. Below is the image of annualized returns of all index (if unreadable, machine-readable or CSV format is attached with the dataset).

Annualized Return:

As far as annualised rate of return is concerned, most of the time India stock market indices leading, followed by USA, Canada and Japan stock market indices.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F37645bd90623ea79f3708a958013c098%2FAnnualized%20Return.JPG?generation=1688525901452892&alt=media" alt="">

Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR):

The best performing index based on compound growth is Sensex (India) that comprises of top 30 companies is 15.60%, followed by Nifty500 (India) that is 11.34% and Nasdaq (USA) all is 10.60%.

The worst performing index is China top300, however this is launch in 2021 (post pandemic), so would not possible to examine at that stage (due to less data availability). Furthermore, UK and Russia indices are also top 5 in the worst order.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F58ae33f60a8800749f802b46ec1e07e7%2FCAGR.JPG?generation=1688490409606631&alt=media" alt="">

Geography: Stock Market Index of the World Top Economies

Time period: Jan 01, 2003 – June 30, 2023

Variables: Stock Market Index Title, Open, High, Low, Close, Adj Close, Volume, Year, Month, Day, Yearly_Return and CAGR

File Type: CSV file

Inspiration:

• Time series prediction model
• Investment opportunities in world best economies
• Comparative Analysis of past data with other stock market indices or other indices

Disclaimer:

This is not a financial advice; due diligence is required in each investment decision.

In 2025, stock markets in the United States accounted for roughly ** percent of world stocks. The next largest country by stock market share was China, followed by the European Union as a whole. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ are the largest stock exchange operators worldwide. What is a stock exchange? The first modern publicly traded company was the Dutch East Industry Company, which sold shares to the general public to fund expeditions to Asia. Since then, groups of companies have formed exchanges in which brokers and dealers can come together and make transactions in one space. Stock market indices group companies trading on a given exchange, giving an idea of how they evolve in real time. Appeal of stock ownership Over half of adults in the United States are investing money in the stock market. Stocks are an attractive investment because the possible return is higher than offered by other financial instruments.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

Context : NIFTY 50 is the flagship stock market index of the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India which is one of the leading stock exchanges in India. NIFTY 50 represents the performance of 50 large-cap companies across various sectors of the Indian economy.
Similarly NIFTY 100 represents the performance of the top 100 companies listed on the NSE based on market capitalization. NIFTY 100 is also part of several other indices, such as NIFTY 200, NIFTY 500, and NIFTY 100 Equal Weight Index.

In the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India, there are three market segments based on the market capitalization of the listed companies. They are: - Large-cap: This segment includes the top 100 companies listed on the NSE based on market capitalization. - Mid-cap: This segment includes companies that rank between 101 and 250 based on market capitalization. - Small-cap: This segment includes companies that rank below the top 250 companies based on market capitalization. Market capitalization is calculated by multiplying a company's total outstanding shares by its current market price per share. The NSE's NIFTY Mid-cap 100 and NIFTY Small-cap 250 indices track the performance of companies in the mid-cap and small-cap segments of the market, respectively.

The NIFTY500 Multicap 50:25:25 index is a variant of the NIFTY 500 index, which represents the top 500 companies listed on India's National Stock Exchange (NSE). The Multicap 50:25:25 variant is a modified version of the NIFTY500 index that divides stocks into three categories based on market capitalization. The top 50 companies by market capitalization are classified as large-cap companies under this variant, while the next 150 companies are classified as mid-cap companies. The remaining 300 businesses are classified as small-cap.

Content : This Dataset contains records for all NIFTY-50 , NIFTY 200, NIFTY Midcap 100, NIFTY Smallcap 250, NIFTY500 Multicap 50:25:25 stocks, as on 1st March, 2023 - Open - open value of the index on that day - High - highest value of the index on that day - Low - lowest value of the index on that day - PREV. CLOSE - Previous Close Value - LTP - Last Traded Price - CHNG - Change in the price - %CHNG - Percentage change - Volume - volume of transaction - Value - Turn over in lakhs - 52W H - 52 Week High price - 52W L - 52 Week Lowest price - 365 D % CHNG - Past 365 Days Change Percentage - 30 D % CHNG - Past 30 Days Change Percentage

Note : - %CHNG: % change is calculated with respect to adjusted price on ex-date for Corporate Actions like: Dividend, Bonus, Rights & Face Value Split and also adjusted for Past 365 days & 30 days. - 52 W H/L: 52 week High & Low prices are adjusted for Bonus, Split & Rights Corporate actions.

Acknowledgements : The data is obtained from NSE website This is just daily level data provided here, you will get vast and detailed real-time & historical data from the official website.

Image Credit : https://gettyimages.com

This dataset contains 2000 daily stock market records including price movements, trading volume, market trends, indices, economic scores, and market sentiment information. It covers multiple sectors with a general category column and includes a target column for the next-day closing price. Additional text columns capture market sentiment and news tags for each record. The dataset is designed to provide comprehensive insights into stock market behavior and trends.

Number of Records: 2000

Number of Columns: 18

Column Descriptions:

Category – General text representing the sector or type of stock (e.g., Tech, Finance, Health).

Date – The calendar date of the stock record.

Open – The opening price of the stock on that day.

High – The highest price of the stock during the day.

Low – The lowest price of the stock during the day.

Close – The closing price of the stock on that day.

Volume – The total number of shares traded during the day.

SMA_10 – The 10-day simple moving average of the closing price, showing short-term trend.

EMA_10 – The 10-day exponential moving average of the closing price, giving more weight to recent prices.

Volatility – The standard deviation of the closing price over a 10-day window, representing price fluctuation.

Wavelet_Trend – Trend component of the closing price over a 10-day period.

Wavelet_Noise – Difference between the actual closing price and the trend component, capturing minor fluctuations.

Wavelet_HighFreq – Daily price changes in closing price, showing high-frequency movement.

General_Index – A numeric indicator representing general market performance.

Economic_Score – A numeric score representing overall economic factors impacting the stock.

Market_Sentiment – Text describing the sentiment of the market for that day (Positive, Neutral, Negative).

News_Tag – Text describing the main type of news impacting the stock on that day (e.g., Earnings, Merger).

Close_Next – The closing price of the stock for the next day, serving as the target variable.

Over ********* of the total assets managed by Vanguard's total stock market index fund traded under the ticket symbol VTI was allocated to technology stocks. Consumer discretionary stocks accounted for the second largest portion of assets. The asset allocation of the total stock market index fund was comparable to that of the asset allocation of the S&P 500 index. The S&P 500 is often quoted as a barometer of U.S. market performance. However, as the S&P 500 tracks *** of the largest U.S. companies, it is not inclusive of the performance of small and mid-cap companies. Investors can buy into the total stock market index fund (VTI), for wider market exposure.

The value of the DJIA index amounted to ****** at the end of June 2025, up from ********* at the end of March 2020. Global panic about the coronavirus epidemic caused the drop in March 2020, which was the worst drop since the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008. Dow Jones Industrial Average index – additional information The Dow Jones Industrial Average index is a price-weighted average of 30 of the largest American publicly traded companies on New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, and includes companies like Goldman Sachs, IBM and Walt Disney. This index is considered to be a barometer of the state of the American economy. DJIA index was created in 1986 by Charles Dow. Along with the NASDAQ 100 and S&P 500 indices, it is amongst the most well-known and used stock indexes in the world. The year that the 2018 financial crisis unfolded was one of the worst years of the Dow. It was also in 2008 that some of the largest ever recorded losses of the Dow Jones Index based on single-day points were registered. On September 29, 2008, for instance, the Dow had a loss of ****** points, one of the largest single-day losses of all times. The best years in the history of the index still are 1915, when the index value increased by ***** percent in one year, and 1933, year when the index registered a growth of ***** percent.

Indonesia's main stock market index, the JCI, rose to 8617 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 0.80% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.13% and is up 19.75% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Indonesia. Indonesia Stock Market (JCI) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of November 2025. The following largest three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

** Overview** This dataset contains stock price data for 5 different stocks along with major market indices (Dow Jones, NASDAQ, and S&P 500). The data has been enhanced with various technical indicators and features commonly used in financial analysis and algorithmic trading.

Dataset Statistics

• Number of rows: 2569
• Number of columns: 221
• Date range: 2015-01-05 to 2025-03-21
• Number of stocks: 5
• Number of market indices: 3

Feature Naming Conventions

• Features ending with numbers (e.g., return_1, close_2) refer to specific stocks (1-5)
• Features with X_Y format (e.g., ma10_3, beta_2_nasdaq_20) have the following pattern:
  • First number/name refers to the parameter or stock
  • Second number/name refers to the stock or index
  • Third number (if present) refers to the time window
• Correlation features (e.g., corr_1_2) show correlation between two stocks (stock 1 and stock 2)

Feature Categories

Basic Price Data

• Date: Trading date in YYYY-MM-DD format
• return_X: Daily return (percentage price change) for stock X (where X is 1-5)
• open_X: Opening price for stock X
• high_X: Highest price during the trading day for stock X
• low_X: Lowest price during the trading day for stock X
• close_X: Closing price for stock X
• adjusted_X: Adjusted closing price for stock X (accounts for dividends and splits)
• volume_X: Trading volume (number of shares traded) for stock X

Market Index Data

• returns_dj: Daily return for Dow Jones Industrial Average
• close_dj: Closing price for Dow Jones Industrial Average
• returns_nasdaq: Daily return for NASDAQ Composite Index
• close_nasdaq: Closing price for NASDAQ Composite Index
• returns_SP500: Daily return for S&P 500 Index
• close_SP500: Closing price for S&P 500 Index

Moving Averages and Trend Indicators

• maX_Y: X-day simple moving average of closing price for stock Y
• emaX_Y: X-day exponential moving average of closing price for stock Y
• envelope_upper_X: Upper price envelope (5% above MA10) for stock X
• envelope_lower_X: Lower price envelope (5% below MA10) for stock X

Momentum and Volatility Indicators

• rocX_Y: X-day Rate of Change (percentage) for stock Y
• volatility_X: 20-day rolling standard deviation of returns for stock X
• rsi_X: 14-day Relative Strength Index for stock X (momentum indicator, 0-100)
• macd_X: Moving Average Convergence Divergence for stock X (ema12 - ema26)
• macd_signal_X: 9-day EMA of MACD for stock X
• macd_hist_X: MACD histogram for stock X (macd - macd_signal)

Volume Indicators

• volume_ma10_X: 10-day moving average of trading volume for stock X
• volume_ratio_X: Ratio of current volume to 10-day volume MA for stock X

Price Ratio Indicators

• high_low_ratio_X: Ratio of high price to low price for stock X (daily range)
• close_open_ratio_X: Ratio of close price to open price for stock X (intraday movement)

Correlation and Beta Indicators

• beta_X_Y_Z: Z-day rolling beta of stock X to index Y (measure of volatility relative to market)
• corr_X_Y: 20-day rolling correlation between returns of stock X and stock Y (ranges from -1 to 1)

Example Usage

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Load the dataset
df = pd.read_csv('enhanced_stock_dataset.csv')
df['Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Date'])

# Plot closing prices for all stocks
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
for i in range(1, 6):
  plt.plot(df['Date'], df[f'close_{i}'], label=f'Stock {i}')
plt.title('Stock Closing Prices')
plt.xlabel('Date')
plt.ylabel('Price')
plt.legend()
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()

Notes

• This dataset contains engineered features that can be directly used for machine learning models
• All NaN values have been filled using forward and backward filling methods
• The correlation features (corr_X_Y) show the relationship between different stocks
• Beta values show the relationship between each stock and the market indices

Financial News Events Dataset - Comprehensive Description

Overview

This synthetic dataset contains 3,024 records of financial news headlines centered around major market events from February 2025 to August 2025. The dataset captures real-time market dynamics, sentiment analysis, and trading patterns across global financial markets, making it ideal for financial analysis, sentiment modeling, and market prediction tasks.

Dataset Specifications

• Total Records: 3,024 rows
• Total Features: 12 columns
• Date Range: February 1, 2025 - August 14, 2025
• File Formats: CSV, JSON, XLSX
• Data Quality: ~5% null values strategically distributed for realistic data cleaning scenarios

Column Descriptions

Key Features & Statistics

Market Events Coverage (20 Categories)

• Stock Market Crashes & Rallies
• Interest Rate Changes & Central Bank Meetings
• Corporate Earnings Reports & IPO Launches
• Government Policy Announcements
• Trade Tariffs & Geopolitical Events
• Cryptocurrency Regulations
• Supply Chain Disruptions
• Economic Data Releases

Global Market Indices (18 Major Indices)

• US Markets: S&P 500, Dow Jones, Nasdaq Composite, Russell 2000
• Indian Markets: NSE Nifty, BSE Sensex
• European Markets: FTSE 100, DAX, Euro Stoxx 50, CAC 40
• Asian Markets: Nikkei 225, Hang Seng, Shanghai Composite, KOSPI
• Others: TSX, ASX 200, IBOVESPA, S&P/TSX Composite

News Sources (18 Reputable Publications)

Major financial news outlets including Reuters, Bloomberg, CNBC, Financial Times, Wall Street Journal, Economic Times, Forbes, and specialized financial publications.

Sector Distribution (18 Business Sectors)

Technology, Finance, Healthcare, Energy, Consumer Goods, Utilities, Industrials, Materials, Real Estate, Telecommunications, Automotive, Retail, Pharmaceuticals, Aerospace & Defense, Agriculture, Transportation, Media & Entertainment, Construction.

Data Quality & Preprocessing Notes

• Realistic Null Distribution: Approximately 5% null values in key columns (Headline, Sentiment, Index_Change_Percent, News_Url) to simulate real-world data collection challenges
• Balanced Sentiment Distribution: Mix of positive, neutral, and negative sentiment classifications
• Diverse Market Conditions: Index changes ranging from -5% to +5% reflecting various market scenarios
• Volume Variability: Trading volumes span 1M to 500M to represent different market liquidity conditions

Potential Use Cases

📈 Financial Analysis

• Market sentiment analysis and trend prediction
• Correlation studies between news events and market movements
• Trading volume pattern analysis

🤖 Machine Learning Applications

• Sentiment classification model training
• Market movement prediction algorithms
• News headline generation models
• Event-driven trading strategy development

📊 Data Visualization Projects

• Interactive market sentiment dashboards
• Time-series analysis of market events
• Geographic distribution of financial news impact
• Sector-wise performance visualization

🔍 Research Applications

• Academic research on market efficiency
• News impact analysis on different sectors
• Cross-market correlation studies
• Event study methodologies

Technical Specifications

• Memory Usage: Approximately 1.5MB across all formats
• **Proces...

Germany's main stock market index, the DE40, rose to 23722 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 0.56% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 1.70%, though it remains 18.51% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Germany. Germany Stock Market Index (DE40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Comparison of the hit ratio between the two types of input variables.

Iran's main stock market index, the TEDPIX, closed flat at 2900000 points on October 11, 2025. Over the past month, the index has climbed 7.41% and is up 39.15% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Iran. Iran Tehran Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

This statistic shows the average value of stock market index at Euronext Amsterdam from 2001 to 2021, per type of index. In 2021, the average value of the AEX index, the most important stock exchange index in the Netherlands, was *****. This is an increase from the value of ***** reached in the previous year and the highest value during the period under observation.

At the end of the fiscal year 2024, ***************************************** were the leading type of domestic investors in stocks in Japan, with stock holdings of around ***** trillion Japanese yen. Stock holdings of financial institutions, including insurance companies, investment trusts, and pension trusts, amounted to ***** trillion yen. Tokyo Stock Exchange With a market capitalization of over *** trillion Japanese yen and around ***** constituents, the Tokyo Stock Exchange, operated by the Japan Exchange Group, is one of the largest stock exchanges in Asia and the world. In parallel to its reorganization in April 2022, a series of reforms were introduced to improve corporate governance of listed companies and make Japanese stocks more attractive to investors. Driven by global investors, the Nikkei 225 stock market index, Japan’s benchmark index, surpassed a 34 year-old record-high in February 2024. Private investors Stock holdings of individuals amounted to around ***** trillion yen in fiscal 2024. Japanese households hold a comparably large share of assets in cash and deposits. According to estimates, around ** percent of the population were stock owners and equity and investment trusts accounted for around ** percent of the financial assets of households. To boost private investment in stocks and bonds, an amended version of Japan’s tax-exempt investment scheme, Nippon Individual Savings Account (NISA), was launched in January 2024.

Title: Historical Options Data for BANKNIFTY Index

Description: This dataset provides historical options data for the BANKNIFTY index, which is the benchmark index for the banking sector in India. The dataset includes information on the ticker, date, time, open, high, low, close, volume, and open interest for various call options contracts.

The data is provided in CSV format and covers the time period from March 1, 2021 to the present day. Each row in the dataset corresponds to a single options contract, and includes information on the opening and closing prices, as well as the trading volume and open interest for that contract.

Columns:

Ticker: the ticker symbol for the options contract (string) Date: the date when the contract was traded (date) Time: the time when the contract was traded (time) Open: the opening price for the contract (float) High: the highest price for the contract during the trading session (float) Low: the lowest price for the contract during the trading session (float) Close: the closing price for the contract (float) Volume: the total number of contracts traded during the session (int) Open Interest: the number of outstanding contracts at the end of the session (int) Example entry:

Ticker Date Time Open High Low Close Volume Open Interest BANKNIFTY01APR2130600CE 03/01/2021 12/31/1899 14:39 5057.2 5065 5057.2 5065 50 48000

This dataset can be used to perform various types of analysis on options trading for the BANKNIFTY index, such as calculating the daily trading volume and open interest, identifying trends and patterns in the price movements of options contracts, and developing models to predict future price movements based on historical data.

Selected technical indicators and their formulas (Type 2).

Turkey's main stock market index, the BIST 100, rose to 11132 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 0.14% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 0.64% and is up 13.27% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Turkey. Turkey Stock Market - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for NASDAQ Composite Index (NASDAQCOM) from 1971-02-05 to 2025-12-01 about composite, NASDAQ, stock market, indexes, and USA.