Abstract

The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas; and providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: 1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information for the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production); 2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level as well as information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates annually; to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS); 3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante-natal and post-natal care, and assess the effect of subsidies on agricultural inputs among others; 4. To provide a framework for policy oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review; and 5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Analysis unit

The study describes (including but not limited to): - Household - Individual - Parcel - Plot - Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The UNPS is carried out over a twelve-month period (a “wave”) on a nationally representative sample of households, for the purpose of accommodating the seasonality associated with the composition of and expenditures on consumption. The survey is conducted in two visits in order to better capture agricultural outcomes associated with the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNPS therefore interviews each household twice in a year, in visits approximately six months apart. In 2009/10, the UNPS set out to track and interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 Enumeration Areas (EAs), selected out of 783 EAs that had been visited during the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005/06. The distribution of the EAs covered by the 2009/10 UNPS was such that it included all 34 EAs in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the other regions i.e. Central excluding Kampala, Eastern, Western and Northern which make up the strata. Within each stratum, the EAs were selected with equal probability with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order). However, the probabilities of selection for the rural portions of ten districts that had been oversampled by the UNHS 2005/06 were adjusted accordingly. Since most IDP (Internally Displaced People) camps in the Northern region are currently unoccupied, the EAs that constituted IDP camps were not part of the UNPS sample. This allocation allows for reliable estimates at the national, rural-urban and regional levels i.e. at level of strata representativeness which includes: (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural. In the UNPS 2010/11, the concept of Clusters instead of EAs was introduced. A cluster represents a group of households that are within a particular geographical area up to parish level. This was done due to split-off households that fell outside the selected EAs but could still be reached and interviewed if they still resided within the same parish as the selected EA. Consequently, in each subsequent survey wave, a subset of individuals was selected for tracking. The UNPS is part of the long term Census and Household Survey Program hence questionnaires and the timing of data collection are coordinated with the current surveys and census implemented by UBOS. SAMPLE REFRESH Starting with the UNPS 2013/14 (Wave 4) fieldwork, one third of the initial UNPS sample was refreshed with the intention to balance the advantages and shortcomings of panel surveys. Each new household will be visited for three consecutive waves, while baseline households will have a longer history of five or six years, given the start time of the sample refresh. This same sample was used for the UNPS 2015/16 (Wave 5) Once a steady state is reached, each household will be visited for three consecutive years, and at any given time one third of the households will be new, one third will be visited for the second time, and one third for the third (and last) time. The total sample will never be too different from a representative cross-section of the country, yet two-thirds of it will be a panel with a background of a year or two. New households were identified using the updated sample frames developed by the UBOS in 2013 as part of the preparations for the 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The UNPS had six questionnaires namely: Household Questionnaire; Woman Questionnaire; Agriculture & Livestock Questionnaire; Fisheries Questionnaire; Community Questionnaire and Market Questionnaire. A module on Biological data collection was also administered in 2019/20. Each of these questionnaires is divided into a number of sections and the number of questions in each section varies accordingly. It should be noted that in 2013/14, 2015/16, 2018/19, and 2019/20, all questionnaires were administered using the CAPI software .

Abstract

The 2016/17 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) is the sixth in a series of national household surveys that Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has undertaken. The survey collected information on socio-economic characteristics at both household and community levels. The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of households for monitoring Uganda’s development performance of key indicators in the various sectors. The 2016/17 UNHS comprises four (4) modules. Those are the Socio-Economic, Labour Force, Community, and Market price modules. The main findings are based on the four modules and include trends of several indicators on Education, Health, Household Expenditure and Poverty, Food security, Income and loans, Information and Communication Technology, Vulnerable Groups, Community Characteristics and Non-crop household enterprises, presented at national, rural-urban, regional and sub-regional levels. The survey collected much more information besides what has been included in the main findings. Therefore, UBOS calls upon all stakeholders to utilize the wealth of data collected and availed over the years to undertake in-depth empirical analysis so as to better inform future policy debate.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The UNHS 2016/17 had the following units of analysis: individuals, housheholds, and communities.

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all currently employed and unemployed persons aged 5 years and above, resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2016/17 UNHS sample was designed to allow for generation of separate estimates at the national level, for urban and rural areas and for the 15 sub-regions of Uganda. At the time of the survey there were only 112 districts. This number later increased to 122 districts. A two-stage stratified sampling design was used. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were grouped by districts of similar socio-economic characteristics and by rural-urban location. The EAs were then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). At the second stage, households which are the ultimate sampling units were drawn using Systematic Random Sampling. A total of 1,750 EAs were selected from the 2014 National Population and Housing Census (NPHC) list of EAs which constituted the Sampling Frame. The EAs were then grouped into 15 sub-regions, taking into consideration the standard errors required for estimation of poverty indicators at sub-regions and the rural-urban domains. In addition to the sub-regions, the other sub-groups that were considered during the analysis of the 2016/17 UNHS include the Peace and Recovery Development Plan (PRDP) districts and Hard-to-reach areas such as the mountainous areas. The survey targeted to interview 10 households per EA, implying a total sample of 17,540 households. Prior to the main survey data collection, all the sampled EAs were updated by listing all the households within their boundaries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The UNHS 2016/17 adminstered four questionnaires including: Socio-Economic, Labour Force, Market Prices, and Community. All questionnaires and modules are provided as external resources in this documentation.

Response rate

Out of the total 17,320 households selected for the 2016/17 UNHS sample, 15,672 households were successfully interviewed, giving a response rate of 91 percent. The response rate was higher in rural areas (93%) compared to urban areas (88%).

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: non-sampling errors and sampling errors. Non-sampling errors usually result from mistakes made during data collection and capture and those include misunderstanding of the questions, either by the respondent or by the interviewer and by capture of wrong entries. Such errors were controlled through rigorous training of the data collectors and through field spot-checks undertaken by the supervisors at the different levels. On the other hand, sampling errors (SE) are evaluated statistically. The 2016/17 UNHS sample is one of the many possible samples that could have been selected from the same population using the same sampling design. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples that would yield different results from the selected sample. Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic such as the mean, percentages, etc. The Tables in Appendix III present standard errors and Coefficients of Variations (CVs) for selected indicators at national, rural-urban and sub-regional levels.

Abstract

The Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 2012-2013 was conducted by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics from June 2012 to June 2013. The objectives of the survey included:

1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as NAADS and General Budget Support, and also to provide information to the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production);
2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level and provide annual information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the UNHS, Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS);
3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante- and post-natal care, or assessing the effect of agricultural input subsidies;
4. To provide a framework for policy oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which will feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review;
5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of Uganda National Household Surveys.

The UNHS is scheduled to be carried out annually over a twelve-month period on a nationally representative sample of approximately 3,000 households. The survey was conducted in two visits in order to capture the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNHS interviewed each household twice a year, in visits six months apart.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The UNHS initial sample was a subset of about 3,220 households, selected from the 7,426 households visited during the UNHS 2005-06. This initial sample has been visited for three consecutive years (2009/10, 20010/11 and 2011/2012) after which, parts of the sample will start to be replaced in Wave IV (2013/2014) by new EAs extracted from the updated sample frames developed by UBOS from the 2012 Census. About 100 have been replaced.

The sample frame used was the 2012 cartographic list of eumenaration areas.The survey used a two stage sampling design: - At the first stage, 750 enumeration areas (EA) were selected - At the second stage, 10 households were randomly selected in each EA (7,500)

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

To suit its multiple objectives, the UNPS was comprised of a set of survey instruments. These were the following questionnaires: 1) Socio-Economic Questionaire: Core and rotating modules 2) Labour Module Questionnaire 3) Price (Market) Questionnaire 4) Community / Facility Questionnaires for schools, health facilities and other facilities (potentially conducted on a rotating basis and not in every year of the UNHS)

Response rate

95%

Abstract

The Uganda National Household Survey 2002/03 was the eighth in a series of household surveys that started in 1988. The UNHS 2002/2003 collected information on the economic characteristics of the population and its activity status at the household level. The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality and timely data on population and socio-economic characteristics of households for monitoring development performance. The UNHS 2002/2003 focused on four modules namely the Socio-economic, Labour force, the Informal Sector, and Community modules. The survey covered 55 districts of Uganda, with some parts of Gulu and Kitgum districts not fully covered due to insecurity. Pader District was not covered at all. Indicators on population characteristics, labourforce participation rates, education, health, household expenditure and poverty among others have been presented at national, regional and rural-urban levels. The UNHS 2002/03 survey findings estimate the population of Uganda at around 25 million. The average household size is estimated at 5 persons per household. Like in the previous surveys, a large proportion of the population is below 15 years of age, with the majority of household members being children of the household head, which trend has been the same over years. The Poverty Monitoring and Evaluation Strategy targets 98 percent primary school enrollment by the year 2003. The results of the survey reveal that in spite of efforts made so far, Net Primary Enrollment for children aged 6-12 is below the target at 86 percent. This is partly caused by the fact that some children enroll late for primary school. The results also show that many children continue to attend primary school after the official age of 12. For example, more than half of all children aged 13-18 years attend primary school. In addition, households report that the monetary costs related to schooling deter participation to a certain extent. The results show that the percentage enrolled increases with increased household wealth. There are consistent differences in educational attainment and in literacy, and these differences are consistent across regions, both by sex and income bracket. The northern region consistently emerges worse-off in almost every education indicator. About twenty eight percent of the country’s population fell sick in the 30 days preceding the survey with malaria/fever reported as the major cause of ill health. Of those who fell sick, many practiced self-treatment while others preferred to go to private clinics. Usage of mosquito nets remains low with only 11 percent of the population using them. Awareness of HIV/AIDS is almost universal. However it is not matched by knowledge of specific ways to avoid HIV/AIDS. The condom however is most mentioned as the specific method one can use to avoid HIV/AIDS. The radio is reported to be the main medium through which people acquire information on HIV/AIDS. Most of the housing and household conditions have improved especially the housing structure i.e. wall, roof and floor. Households are still dependent on “tadoba” for lighting and worse still, the majority of the households depend on wood as fuel for cooking. The 2002/03 survey has shown an increase in Per-household and Per-capita expenditure. Foods, Beverages and Tobacco still dominate the household budget share, despite a drop of 8 percent observed over the same period. However, these changes have not been high enough to over turn the observed increases in poverty levels. The percentage of the population living below the poverty line rose from 34 percent to 38 percent. This rise is statistically significant. The main finding is that, despite some very modest economic growth, poverty increased. This is in contrast to trends in the 1990s, where growth was stronger and appeared to be broadly shared. There has been a general downward trend in the welfare indicators between 1999/00 and 2002/03 periods. Ownership of clothes declined between the 1999/00 and 2002/03 periods while ownership of bicycles and radios has improved over the same period. One in every 5 children aged 0 – 5 years, in the eastern and northern regions does without breakfast. About 36 percent of the households in Uganda own non-crop enterprises. The major enterprises being in the manufacturing and trade and services broad industries. These two categories employ 1.8 million persons while livestock, poultry, bee-keeping, and fishing industry employs another 0.5 million persons. Most household based enterprises are sole proprietorship, and similarly there are mainly started by owners. Nearly 90 percent of the persons aged 10 years and above were usually active during the 12 months prior to the survey. About 60 percent of these were own account workers followed by unpaid family workers (26 percent). The distribution of usually active persons by Industry show that the agricultural sector is still dominant accounting for 68 percent of the employed persons . Considering the last seven days, a higher proportion of persons aged 10 years and above were own account workers (54 percent). The Northern and Eastern Regions recorded the highest proportion of persons employed in agriculture. It is noted that most of the urban dwellers are employed in the sales and service sector. Occupational categories of household members show that 2 in every 3 persons were engaged in agriculture, only 4 percent were involved in Market Oriented Agriculture Production. A higher proportion of women than men was recorded for those who were engaged in domestic duties. Those who did not participate in economic activities during the last 7 days, stated being ill as the dominant reason. Among reasons for not being usually active during the last 12 months, attending school featured as the prominent reason followed by attending to domestic duties. Nearly 25 percent of the employed population were engaged in secondary activities and the service workers were more likely to engage in secondary activities than any other occupational category. The current labourforce participation rate is 67 percent. Participation levels by selected background characteristics show that persons without education had higher participation levels than those with primary education. The findings further show that rural women had higher participation rates than their urban counterparts. Twenty percent of the persons in paid employment earn at most shillings 20,000. Of those persons earning more than shillings 60,000, 63 percent were men while only 37 percent were women. Of the currently economically active persons, 3 percent are unemployed. Youth unemployment (5.3 percent) rate was higher than the national rate (3.2 percent). Central region had unemployment rate higher than other regions. Sixty five percent of the unemployed had attempted to look for work. This was mainly through friends and relatives. Most of the unemployed depended on relatives or spouses for survival with females depending more on spouses. The underemployment rate is highest among youth but steadily declines among those aged 50 years and over. The national underemployment rate stood at 15 percent. The survey results show that the underemployed are mainly in the agricultural sector. The underemployed were willing to do any job to earn more money. Findings show that although one in every five working children is an orphan, three out of every four children were non-orphans. Children whose parent survival status is not known are more likely to work. Children who were not attending school engaged in paid employment than those attending school. Furthermore, those who engaged in paid domestic services were more likely to work for more hours in a day than those engaged in other activities.

Geographic coverage

The Uganda National Household Survey 2002/03 was conducted in all districts except Pader. Some parts of Kitgum and Gulu districts were also not covered due to insecurity.

Analysis unit

The following are the units of analysis; - Individual - Household - Community

Universe

The survey covered all resident population.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling design was chosen to fit the purpose of the survey. Stratified two stage sampling was adopted, but with a few refinements such as over-sampling of urban areas, and possibly of some rural areas with concentrated informal sector activity. The sampling frame for selection of first stage units (FSUs) was the list of EAs with the number of households based on cartographic work for the 2002 Population and Housing Census. For selection of the second stage units, which were the households, listing exercise through listing schedules was done in selected EAs. Each district was a stratum and was divided into rural and urban sub-strata. The urban area was further sub-divided into district town and other urban areas. This deep stratification enabled a better spread and representation of the sample, thereby increasing the efficiency of the estimates. Additionally, the continuity over rounds was maintained to enable pooling of results over rounds, if ever considered necessary. The total number of about 1,000 FSUs was firstly allocated between urban and rural in the proportion of 40:60. Thereafter, the urban and rural sample was generally allocated between the strata in proportion to the number of households with certain adjustments. The allocated sample was selected with probability proportional to number of households. A suitable plan for sub-stratification and selection of households at the listing stage, was introduced to ensure adequate representation of households with at least one unemployed person and an informal sector enterprise activity. The households were

Abstract

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has been carrying out an integrated household survey, popularly known as Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) every other year since the late 1980s. Through the UNHS, Uganda has very rich household time series data covering over 13 years. The data have been the main source of statistical information for monitoring poverty levels, trends and related welfare issues.

The UNHS 2009/10 was undertaken from May 2009 to April 2010 and covered about 6800 households scientifically selected countrywide. The survey was comprehensive and had six modules, namely; Socio-economic, Labor Force, Informal Sector, Community, Price and Qualitative modules.

The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality and timely data on demographic, social and economic characteristics of the household population to inform/monitor international and national development frameworks. The specific objectives of the survey were to: 1. Provide information on selected economic characteristics of the population including their economic activity status among others. 2. Meet data needs of key users such as Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development; Health; Education and Sports, etc.., and other collaborating Institutions like Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC); the Development Partners as well as the NGO community. 3. Generate and build social and economic indicators and monitor the progress made towards social and economic development goals of the country; and 4. Strengthen efforts being made in building a permanent national household survey capability at UBOS.

Geographic coverage

National

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Survey Design The UNHS 2009/10 sample was designed to allow reliable estimation of key indicators for the Uganda, rural-urban, and separately for ten sub regions. A two-stage stratified sampling design was used. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were grouped by districts and rural-urban location; then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). At the second stage, households which are the Ultimate Sampling Units were drawn using Systematic Sampling.

A total of 712 EAs representing the general household population were selected using the Uganda Population and Housing Census Frame for 2002. These EAs were allocated to the 10 sub-regions with consideration of the rural and urban areas which constituted the main domains of the sample.

Sample Size When determining the required sample size, the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design were taken into consideration. The UNHS 2009/10 covered a sample size of 6800 households.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

There are five questionnaires for the UNHS namely: (i) Listing questionnaire (ii) socio-economic Questionnaire (iii) Labour Force survey questionnaire (iv) Informal Sector Questionnaires (v) Community Questionnaire

Note that the informal sector survey questionnaires comprise 5 sets according to activity namely: (1) Livestock, poultry, bee-keeping, and fishing (2) Forestry (3) Mining, quarrying, and manufacturing (4) Hotels, lodges, bars, restaurants and eating places (5) Trade and services

Cleaning operations

A system of double data entry was utilized to ensure good quality data. Questionnaires were manually edited by five office based editors who were recruited to ensure consistency of the data collected. A computer program (hot-deck scrutiny) for verification and validation was developed and operated during data processing. Range and consistency checks were included in the data-entry program. More intensive and thorough checks were also carried out using MS-ACCESS by the data processing team.

Sampling error estimates

Household survey findings are usually estimates based on a sample of households selected using appropriate sample designs. Estimates are affected by two types of errors; sampling and non-sampling errors. Non-Sampling errors result from wrong interpretation of results; mistakes in recording of responses, definitional problems, improper recording of data, etc and are mainly committed during the implementation of the survey.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, arise because observations are based on only one of the many samples that could have been selected from the same population using the same design and expected size. They are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Sampling errors are usually measured using Standard Errors (SE). SE is the square root of the variance and can be used to calculate confidence intervals for the various estimates. In addition, sometimes it is appropriate to measure the relative errors of some of the variables and the Coefficient of Variation (CV) is one such measure. It is the quotient of the SE divided by the mean of the variable of interest.

The SE and CVs were computed using STATA software and they each take into account the multi-stage nature of the survey design. The results below indicate the SE and CVs computed for the selected variables in the report. The SEs and CVs are presented for national, regional and rural-urban levels.

Note: Detailed sampling error tables are available in the 2009-2010 UNHS final report.

Abstract

The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas; and providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include:

1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information for the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production);

2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level as well as information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates annually; to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS);

3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante-natal and post-natal care, and assess the effect of subsidies on agricultural inputs among others;

4. To provide a framework for policy oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review; and

5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

The study describes (including but not limited to):

• Household

• Individual

• Parcel

• Plot

• Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The UNPS is carried out over a twelve-month period (a “wave”) on a nationally representative sample of households, for the purpose of accommodating the seasonality associated with the composition of and expenditures on consumption. The survey is conducted in two visits in order to better capture agricultural outcomes associated with the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNPS therefore interviews each household twice in a year, in visits approximately six months apart.

In 2009/10, the UNPS set out to track and interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 Enumeration Areas (EAs), selected out of 783 EAs that had been visited during the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005/06. The distribution of the EAs covered by the 2009/10 UNPS was such that it included all 34 EAs in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the other regions i.e. Central excluding Kampala, Eastern, Western and Northern which make up the strata.

Within each stratum, the EAs were selected with equal probability with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order). However, the probabilities of selection for the rural portions of ten districts that had been oversampled by the UNHS 2005/06 were adjusted accordingly. Since most IDP (Internally Displaced People) camps in the Northern region are currently unoccupied, the EAs that constituted IDP camps were not part of the UNPS sample. This allocation allows for reliable estimates at the national, rural-urban and regional levels i.e. at level of strata representativeness which includes: (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural.

In the UNPS 2010/11, the concept of Clusters instead of EAs was introduced. A cluster represents a group of households that are within a particular geographical area up to parish level. This was done due to split-off households that fell outside the selected EAs but could still be reached and interviewed if they still resided within the same parish as the selected EA. Consequently, in each subsequent survey wave, a subset of individuals was selected for tracking.

The UNPS is part of the long term Census and Household Survey Program hence questionnaires and the timing of data collection are coordinated with the current surveys and census implemented by UBOS.

SAMPLE REFRESH

Starting with the UNPS 2013/14 (Wave 4) fieldwork, one third of the initial UNPS sample was refreshed with the intention to balance the advantages and shortcomings of panel surveys. Each new household will be visited for three consecutive waves, while baseline households will have a longer history of five or six years, given the start time of the sample refresh. This same sample was used for the UNPS 2015/16 (Wave 5)

Once a steady state is reached, each household will be visited for three consecutive years, and at any given time one third of the households will be new, one third will be visited for the second time, and one third for the third (and last) time. The total sample will never be too different from a representative cross-section of the country, yet two-thirds of it will be a panel with a background of a year or two.

New households were identified using the updated sample frames developed by the UBOS in 2013 as part of the preparations for the 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The UNPS had six questionnaires namely: Household Questionnaire; Woman Questionnaire; Agriculture & Livestock Questionnaire; Fisheries Questionnaire; Community Questionnaire and Market Questionnaire. Each of these questionnaires is divided into a number of sections and the number of questions in each section varies accordingly.

It should be noted that in 2013/14, 2015/16 and 2018/19, all questionnaires were administered using the CAPI software except the Fisheries and Market Questionnaires which were not administered.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Abstract

The main objective of the Uganda National Household Survey 2002/03 was to collect high quality and timely data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of household population for monitoring development performance of the country.

Specifically, the survey aimed at: (a) Providing information on the economic characteristics of the population and its economic activity status i.e. the employment, unemployment and underemployment. (b) Generating data for calculating gross output, value added, and other economic indicators required for National Accounts purposes. (c) Integrating household socio-economic and community level surveys in the overall survey programme so as to provide an integrated data set. This will provide an understanding of the mechanisms and effects of various government programmes and policy measures on a comparative basis over time; (d) Meeting special data needs of users for the Ministries of Health; Education; Gender, Labour and Social Development and other collaborating Institutions, together with donors and the NGO community so as to monitor the progress of their activities and interventions (e) Generating and building social and economic indicators for monitoring the progress made towards social and economic development goals of the country

The UNHS 2002/03 was conducted in all districts except Pader. Some parts of Kitgum and Gulu districts were also not covered due to insecurity.

The survey included the following modules: · Socio-economic module · Labour force module · Informal sector · Community survey

Geographic coverage

The Uganda National Household Survey 2002/03 was conducted in all districts except Pader. Some parts of Kitgum and Gulu districts were also not covered due to insecurity.

Analysis unit

• Individual
• Household
• Community

Universe

The survey covered all resident population.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The UNHS sample was drawn through a stratified two-stage sampling design. The Enumeration Area (EA) was used as the first stage sampling unit and the household as the second stage-sampling unit. The sampling frame used for selection of first stage units (fsus) was the list of EAs with the number of households based on the cartographic work of the 2002 Population and Housing Census. A total of 972 EAs (565 in rural and 407 in urban areas) were covered. In order to select the second stage units, which are the households, a listing exercise using listing schedules was done in all selected EAs.

The sample size was determined by taking into consideration several factors, the three most important being: the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design. UNHS 2002/03 covered a sample of 9,711 households.

Note: Details of the sampling design are given in Appendix III of the socio-economic survey report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Nine types of questionnaires were used during the survey namely; Household Listing questionnaire, the Socio-Economic questionnaire, the Labourforce questionnaire, the Community questionnaire, Forestry Enterprise questionnaire, Trade and Services Enterprise questionnaire, Manufacturing, Mining and Quarrying Enterprise questionnaire, Livestock Enterprise questionnaire and Hotel Enterprise questionnaire. The last five questionnaires were administered to small-scale establishments and household enterprises. These were developed in consultation with various stakeholders. The household listing questionnaire was used to list all houses and households in the selected Enumeration Areas (EAs). Finally, the community questionnaire was administered at community level (Local Council level I).

Cleaning operations

A manual system of editing questionnaires was set up and a set of scrutiny notes to guide in manual checking was developed. In addition, range and consistency checks were included in the data-entry program. More intensive and thorough checks were carried out using MS-ACCESS by the processing team. Besides the editing done before data entry, the validation checks inbuilt in the program and double data entry, additional in-depth data cleaning on sections relevant for basic poverty analysis was done. For instance, individual level files were linked together to ensure that the same individual code reported in different sections of the questionnaire and in other modules corresponded to the same individual. Data cleaning on the other sections was also done. Any inconsistencies, data entry errors etc found were corrected after checking the original questionnaires.

Response rate

The response rate for the Uganda National Household Survey 2002/2003 was approximately 97%. A total of 9711 households were interviewed out of the 10,000 households initially targeted. A total of 289 households could not be interviewed mainly due to insecurity.

Sampling error estimates

There are two types of errors possible in any estimate based on a sample survey – sampling and non-sampling errors.

Non-sampling errors can be attributed to many sources which include: definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions by the interviewers, inability or unwillingness to provide correct responses on part of the respondents, mistakes in coding or recording the data, et cetera. Nonsampling errors would also occur in a complete census.

On the other hand, sampling errors occur because observations are made only on a sample, and not the entire population. Thus the accuracy of survey results is determined by the joint effects of the sampling and nonsampling errors.

For a given indicator, the sampling error is usually measured by the standard error. The standard error of a survey estimate is a measure of the variation among the estimates from all possible samples, and is a measure of the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the results from all possible samples. The accuracy of a survey result de pends on both the sampling and nonsampling error measured by the standard error and the bias; and other types of nonsampling errors not measured by the standard error.

The standard errors of the rates presented in this appendix were computed using the SASÓ PROC SURVEYMEANS procedure. This procedure does not assume that the data was taken from a simple random sample, but rather from a more complex design. The SurveyMeans Procedure takes into account the effect of clustering and stratifying in the calculation of the variances and standard errors, using the Taylor expansion method to estimate these sampling errors.

The sampling errors are computed for selected variables considered to be of interest, but can be computed for all variables in the dataset. The sampling errors are presented for the country as a whole, for women and men where relevant, and for rural and urban areas and for each of the four regions: Central, East, West and North. For each variable the type of statistic (mean, sum, rate) are given as well as the standard error, the 95% confidence limits, and the coefficient of variation.

Generally the standard errors of most national estimates are small and within acceptable limits, but there is wider variability for the estimates of the subpopulations. For example for the Net Attendance Ration (NER), the standard error for the whole country is 6.5 percent, while for urban and rural areas it is 7.6 and 7.3 percent respectively. For more details about the estimates of sampling error can be found in Appendix IV of "UNHS 2002/2003 Report on the Socio-Economic Survey"

Abstract

The Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) was carried out to collect high quality data on key outcome indicators such as poverty, service delivery, employment and to monitor government's development programs like the National Development Plan (NDP) on an annual basis. The 2010/11 survey collected information on socio-economic characteristics at household, individual and community levels.The UNPS 2010/11 was comprised of six modules: the Socio-Economic, Woman, Agriculture, Fisheries, Community and Market Price modules. The survey covered 3,200 households that were scientifically selected and followed for re-interview in 2009/10 and 2010/11.

The objectives of the survey were: 1) To provide information required for monitoring the NDP and other development objectives like the JAF, MDGs as well as specific programs such as the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) among others. 2) To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level as well as annual consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty in years between Uganda National Household Surveys (UNHS). 3) To supply regular data on agriculture in order to characterize and monitor the performance of the agricultural sector.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Communities

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2010/11 UNPS survey maintained the 2009/10 UNPS sample design where all the households that were sampled for Wave I (2009/10) were tracked and re-interviewed in Wave II (2010/11).

Out of the 7,400 households interviewed during the UNHS 2005/06, 3,200 households were selected for the UNPS and the same sample was maintained in both 2009/10 and 2010/11 Panel surveys. During data collection, the population of persons interviewed in Wave II was slightly higher than that of Wave I due to the following reasons:

1. About 20 households that had initially been missed in Wave I were found and successfully interviewed in Wave II.
2. Changes in household composition contributed to the increase in the number of persons that were added to the panel. Most importantly, if a household member split-off from his/her original household (e.g. children leaving home to set up their own household,or a couple separates), all the new households were included/ joined the panel. Inclusion of split-offs was the main way in which panel surveys, maintain sample representativeness over the years. The new households formed are known as Split-off households while the individuals are termed as Movers.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

To suit its multiple objectives, the UNPS was comprised of a set of survey instruments. These were the following questionnaires: 1. Agriculture Questionnaire (administered to the subset of UNPS households engaged in agricultural activities) 2. Household Questionnaire 3. Community Questionnaire

Response rate

84%

Abstract

The demand for evidence based decision making has reached unprecedented levels today more than ever before. The level of data usage has extended not only to cover basic administrative data but also to include more detailed household level information. Household surveys therefore, have become an invaluable source of information for monitoring outcome and impact indicators of national and international development frameworks.

As a key contributor to the monitoring framework, Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has conducted large-scale surveys since 1989. The surveys have had a nationwide coverage with varying core modules and objectives. The 2005/06 round of household surveys was yet another in a series conducted by UBOS. The last household survey was conducted in 2002/03 with a focus on labourforce and informal sector in addition to the standard Socio-economic module. This time round, the survey carries an agriculture module in addition to the Socio-economic module. The surveys primarily collect socio-economic data required for measurement of human development and monitoring social goals with special reference to the measurement of poverty under the Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality and timely data on demographic, social and economic characteristics of the household population for national and international development frameworks.

Specifically, the objectives were to: 1. Provide information on the selected economic characteristics of the population including their economic activity status among others. 2. Design and conduct a country-wide agricultural survey through the household approach and to prepare and provide estimates of area and production of major crops and other characteristics at national and regional levels. 3. Meet special data needs of users for the Ministries of Finance, Planning and Economic Development, Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Health, Education and Sports among others, and other collaborating Institutions like Economic Policy Research Centre, together with donors and the NGO community so as to monitor the progress of their activities and interventions. 4. Generate and build social and economic indicators and monitor the progress made towards social and economic development goals of the country; and 5. Consolidate efforts being made in building a permanent national household survey capability at UBOS.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Communities

Universe

The survey covered a sample of household members in each district.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Survey Design A two stage sampling design was used to draw the sample. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were drawn with Probability Proportional to Size (PPS), and at the second stage, households which are the Ultimate Sampling Units, were drawn using Simple Random Sampling (SRS).

The sample of EAs for the UNHS 2005/06 was selected using the Uganda Population and Housing Census Frame for 2002. Initially, a total of 600 Enumeration Areas (EAs) was selected. These EAs were allocated to each region on the basis of the population size of the region. However, in the Northern region, the number of EAs drawn was doubled. The extra EAs were to be held in reserve to allow for EA attrition due to insecurity.

After this sample was drawn, it was realized that the sample size in 10 districts needed to be increased to about 30 EAs in each district to have an adequate sample size for separate analysis. These extra EAs were selected using an inter-penetrating sampling method which led to drawing an extra 153 EAs. Moreover, because a considerable proportion of the population in the North was in Internally Displaced People (IDPs) camps, this was treated as a separate selection stratum and an additional sample of 30 EAs was drawn from the IDPs. Thus, a total of 783 EAs representing both the general household population and displaced population was selected for the UNHS 2005/06.

Sample Size The size required for the sample was determined by taking into consideration several factors, the three most important being: the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design. The UNHS 2005/06 covered a sample size of about 7,400 households.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Five types of questionnaires were administered, namely; socio-economic survey questionnaire, agriculture questionnaire, community questionnaire, price questionnaire and crop harvest cards. The Socio-economic questionnaire collected information on household characteristics including education and literacy, the overall health status, health seeking behavior of household members, malaria, fever and disability, activity status of household members, wage employment, enterprise activities, transfers and household incomes, housing conditions assets, loans, household expenditure, welfare indicators and household shocks. The Agricultural module covered the household crop farming enterprise particulars with emphasis on land, crop area, inputs, outputs and other allied characteristics. The Community Survey questionnaire collected information about the community (LC1). The information related to community access to facilities, community services and other amenities, economic infrastructure, agriculture and markets, education and health infrastructure and agricultural technologies. The Price questioonaire was administered to provide standard equivalents of non standard units through weighing items sold in markets. It was used to collect the different local prices and the non standard units which in many cases are used in selling various items. A crop card was administered to all sampled households with an agricultural activity. Respondents were requested to record all harvests from own produce.

Cleaning operations

Double entry was done to take care of data entry errors. Interactive data cleaning and secondary editing was done. All these processes were done using CSPro ( Census Survey Processing Data Entry application).

To ensure good quality of data, a system of double entry was used. A manual system of editing questionnaires was set-up in June 2005 and two office editors were recruited to further assess the consistency of the data collected. A computer program (hot-deck scrutiny) for verification and validation was developed and operated during data processing.

Range and consistency checks were included in the data-entry program that was developed in CSPro. More intensive and thorough checks were carried out using MS-ACCESS by the processing team.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates were derived from a scientifically selected sample and analysis of survey data was undertaken at national, regional and rural-urban levels. Sampling Errors (SE) and Coefficients of Variations (CVs) of some of the variables have been presented in Appendices of the Socio-Economic Report and Agricultural Module Reports to show the precision levels.

Abstract

Uganda has experienced strong economic growth over the past two decades and has made great strides towards improving the quality of life and access to services. In order to continue to promote pro-poor economic growth, the Government of Uganda (GoU) developed the National Development Plan (NDP) and a Joint Budget Support strategy as part of the implementation of the National Development Strategy (NDS).

Uganda recognizes the need for adequate data collection to effectively monitor outcomes of the National Development Strategy (NDS). For this purpose, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) implemented the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) program, with financial and technical support from the Government of Netherlands, and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) project.

The 2005-2009/10 Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) is the first "panel" survey done by the LSMS group. The households included were chosen from the 2005-06 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS).
The sample One of the primary uses of the UNPS is to inform policymaking in advance of the Budget, through descriptive reports that are made ready in time for the initial work on sector budget framework papers.

Survey Objectives The UNPS aimed at producing annual estimates of outcomes and output in the key policy areas and at providing a platform for the experimentation and assessment of national policies and programs.

Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas and at providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing of national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: 1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information to the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production). 2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level and provide annual information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS). 3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante- and post-natal care, or assessing the effect of agricultural input subsidies. 4. To provide a framework for policy-oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which will feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review. 5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Markets
• Communities / facilities

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Survey Design The UNPS is carried out annually, over a twelve-month period on a nationally representative sample of households, for the purpose of accommodating the seasonality associated with the composition of and expenditures on consumption. The survey is conducted in two visits in order to better capture agricultural outcomes associated with the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNPS will therefore interview each household twice each year, in visits six months apart.

Starting in 2005-09/10, the UNPS has been set out to track and re-interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 enumeration areas (EAs), selected out of the 783 EAs that had been visited by the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005-06. The UNPS EAs covered all 34 EAs visited by the UNHS 2005-06 in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the (i) Central Region with the exception of Kampala District, (ii) Eastern Region, (iii) Western Region, and (iv) Northern Region.

Within each stratum, the UNPS EAs were selected from the UNHS 2005-06 EAs with equal probability, and with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order), except for the rural portions of the ten districts that were oversampled by the UNHS 2005-06. In these districts, the probabilities were deflated, to bring them back to the levels originally intended. Since IDP camps are now mostly unoccupied, the extra EAs in IDP camps are not a part of the UNPS subsample. This allocation strives for reasonably reliable estimates for the rural portion of each region, and for the set of urban areas out of Kampala as a whole, as well as the best possible estimates for Kampala that can be expected from a subsample of the UNHS 2005-06. Therefore, the UNPS strata of representativeness include (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural.

Prior to the start of the 2005-09/10 field work, 2 UNPS households were also randomly selected in each EA for the purposes of tracking baseline individuals that moved away from original locations since the UNHS 2005-06. The initial UNPS sample was subject to three consecutive waves of data collection after which, parts of the sample was replaced by new households extracted from the updated sample frames developed by the UBOS as part of the 2012 Uganda Population and Housing Census. In addition, the UNPS will fit within the Long-Term Census and Household Survey Program and therefore both the questionnaires and the timing of data collection will be coordinated with the current surveys and census implemented by UBOS.

Note: Detailed description of sampling procedure and calculation of panel weights is presented in "Basic Information Document". The document is provided along with this metadata.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The UNPS survey was collected using the following five questionnaires: 1. Household Questionnaire 2. Woman Questionnaire 3. Agriculture Questionnaire, (administered to the subset of UNPS households engaged in agricultural activities) 4. Community Questionnaire 5. Market Questionnaire.

Abstract

The 2019/20 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) is the seventh in a series of national household surveys that Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has undertaken. The survey collected information on socio-economic characteristics at both household and community levels. The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of households for monitoring Uganda's development performance of key indicators in the various sectors. The 2019/20 UNHS comprises four (4) modules. Those are the Socio-Economic, Labour Force, Community, and Market price modules. The main findings are based on the four modules and include trends of several indicators on Education, Health, Household Expenditure and Poverty, Food security, Income and loans, Information and Communication Technology, Vulnerable Groups, Community Characteristics and Non-crop household enterprises, presented at national, rural-urban, regional and sub-regional levels. The survey collected much more information besides what has been included in the main findings. Therefore, UBOS calls upon all stakeholders to utilize the wealth of data collected and availed over the years to undertake in-depth empirical analysis so as to better inform future policy debate.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

The UNHS 2016/17 had the following units of analysis: individuals, housheholds, and communities.

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all currently employed and unemployed persons aged 5 years and above, resident in the household.

Sampling procedure

Sampling Design The Uganda National Household Survey 2019/20 (UNHS VI1 will be seventh survey of its kind in Uganda following the one implemented in 2019/2017. The survey calls for a nationally representative sample of 14480 households from 1448 sample clusters. It is designed to collect high quality and timely data on demographic, social and economic characteristics of the household population to monitor international and national development frameworks. The survey is designed to produce representative estimates for the poverty indicators for the country as a whole, for the urban and rural areas separately, for each of the 15 geo-regions. The definition of the geo-regions and the study domains are given in section 2. In addition to the geo-regions, the survey indicators will be produced for the following areas: The Island, The Greater Kampala areas, PRDP.

Sampling Frame The sampling frame used for UNHS VII is the frame for the Uganda Population and Housing Census which conducted on August 2014 (UPHC 2014). The sampling frame is a complete list of census Enumeration Areas (EA) created for the census covering the whole country, consisting of 78,692EAs (excluding Refugees, forests and forest reserves and institutional population). Currently in Uganda there are 128 districts, each districts is sub-divided into Sub County, and each sub country into parish, and each parish into villages and then Enumeration areas. The frame file contains the administrative belongings for each EA and its number of households at the time of the census operation. Each EA has also a designated residence type, urban or rural. According to 2014 Population and Housing Census, an EA was either a village or part of the village. EAs with less than 50 households were linked to others EAs by GIS section so that the primary sampling units are not very small. The allocation of clusters (EA) per sub-region will be relatively equal across domains. The allocation per domain will be well balanced and small changes in the allocation will not affect the precision of estimates. The 2200 selected households should result in about 2000 households successfully interviewed. The sample will be selected independently from each stratum using probability proportional to size. The country currently has 134districts and 12 Cities, these are grouped into the following 15 sub-regions:

1. Kampala: Kampala
2. Buganda South: Butambala, Gomba, Mpigi, Bukomansimbi, Kalangala, Kalungu, Lwengo, Lyantonde, Masaka, Rakai, Sembabule, Wakiso, Kyotera, Masaka City
3. Buganda North: Buikwe, Buvuma, Kayunga, Kiboga, Kyankwanzi, Luwero, Mityana, Mubende, Mukono, Nakaseke, Nakasongola, Kassanda
4. Busoga: Bugiri, Namutumba, Buyende, Iganga, Jinja, Kaliro, Kamuli, Luuka, Mayuge, Namayingo, Bugweri, Jinja City
5. Bukedi: Budaka, Butaleja, Kibuku, Pallisa, Toororo, Busia, Butebo
6. Egon: Bulambuli, Kapchorwa, Kween, Bududa, Manafwa, Mbale, Sironko, Bukwo, Namisindwa, Mbale City
7. Teso: Amuria, Bukedea, Katakwi, Kumi, Ngora, Soroti, Kaberamaido, Serere, Kapelebyong
8. Lango: Alebtong, Amolatar, Dokolo, Lira, Otuke, Apac, Kole, Oyam, Kwania, Lira City
9. Acholi: Agago, Amuru, Gulu, , Lamwo, Pader,Kitgum ,Nwoya, Gulu City
10. Karamoja: Abim, Amudat, Kaabong, Kotido, Moroto, Nakapiripirit, Napak, Nabilatuk
11. West Nile: Adjumani, Arua, Koboko, Maracha, Moyo, Nebbi, Yumbe, Zombo, Pakwach, Obongi, Terego, Arua City
12. Tooro: Bundibugyo, Kabarole, Kasese, NTooroko, Kyenjojo, Kamwenge, Kyegegwa, Bunyangabu, Fort portal City
13. Bunyoro: Buliisa, Hoima, , Kibaale, Kiryandongo, Masindi, Kikuube, Hoima City, KItagwenda
14. Ankole: Buhweju, Bushenyi, Ibanda, Isingiro, Kiruhura, Mbarara, Mitooma, Ntungamo, Rubirizi, Sheema, Mbarara City, Rwampara, Kazo
15. Kigezi: Kabale, Kisoro, Kanungu, Rukungiri, Rukiga

Mode of data collection

Data collection The survey collected data on food, drinks and beverage consumption using a seven-day recall period on the four major food sources22. Information was collected both in terms of expenditures and quantities, except for food consumed away from home only having the expenditure recorded. To ensure the accuracy of the information provided by respondents, data on food quantities was collected in local units of measurement. Conversion factors were then used to transform local units of measurement into standard metric units of quantity derived from the market survey conducted during the survey. Macronutrients and micronutrient values were mainly derived from the recent "Food Composition Table for Central and Eastern Uganda" (Harvest-Plus 2012)23.

Abstract

The Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 1999/2000 was carried out to provide estimates of area and production of major crops and other characteristics of the agricultural enterprises at national, regional and to a limited extent some district level estimates. In addition the survey findings provided insights to the effects of various government policy measures and programs at household and community levels. The results assisted in addressing specific needs of different users and also filled in the gaps in the socio-economic indicators for monitoring development performance. The data collection for the survey was between August 1999 to July 2000, and it covered 10,700 randomly selected households. The survey was carried out by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBoS).The main objectives of the survey include:

1. To plan, design and conduct a countrywide crop farming survey through the household approach and to prepare reports there-on providing estimates of area and production of major crops and other characteristics of enterprises at national and regional levels including separate estimates for some major districts. 2.To integrate household socioeconomic and LC 1 level community surveys in the total survey program to provide an integrated data-set so as to understand the mechanisms and effects of structural adjustment program and other policy measures on a comparative basis over time.
2. To meet special data needs of users in the Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Early Childhood Development Project (NECDP), National Council of Children and others to monitor the progress of their project activities and interventions aimed at improvement of child-health and mother care.
3. To fill in gaps in socioeconomic data to serve needs of planning and building social and economic indicators to monitor the progress towards social and economic development goals of the country. To consolidate efforts being made in building permanent national household survey capability in the then Statistics Department of the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development and now the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBoS).

Geographic coverage

The UNHS 1999/00 covered all districts in the country, except the districts of Kitgum, Gulu, Kasese and Bundibugyo.

Analysis unit

• Individuals
• Households
• Communities
• Consumption expenditure commodities/ items

Universe

The survey covered the following populations: - All the resident population with the exception of the nomads, homeless, and refugees - Women aged 12 years and above - Children under 5 years

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling design adopted for the survey is similar to what was used for the Integrated Household Survey (IHS) 1992/93 and the subsequent monitoring surveys. It is typically a stratified two-stage sampling design except in some districts where the sample was selected in three stages due to lack of an Enumeration Area (EA) frame.

The first stage sampling unit was the EA of the 1991 Population Census in districts with two-stage sampling design, and households as the second stage sampling units. For districts with a three stage design, the first stage sampling units was the parish, while the second stage sampling unit was the LC 1 (village) and the third stage sampling unit is the household. The survey included panel EA's and panel households from the 1992/93 Integrated Household Survey as well as new EA's and new households. In implementing this rather complicated design, services of a Survey Design Consultant were utilized.

The sampling frame is divided into fairly homogeneous strata in order to improve the efficiency of the sampling design. The first level of stratification is also designed to provide separate and reliable estimates of several parameters for the different domains of interest. In addition to national level estimates, separate estimates are desired for the urban and rural sectors of the statistical regions and 16 selected districts. All districts were sub-stratified into urban, other urban and rural areas (with the exception of Kampala, which is wholly urban). The district headquarters are designated as urban and other urban areas are the town boards, trading centers, etc. as defined during the 1991 Population Census.

Sampling deviation

The UNHS 1999/2000 covered all districts in the country, except the districts of Kitgum, Gulu, Kasese and Bundibugyo. The report therefore has quantitative analysis exclusive of these four districts.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

These were the following questionnaires: 1. Socio-Economic Survey Questionnaire 2. Crop Survey Questionnaire 3. Community Survey Questionnaire

Cleaning operations

A manual system of editing questionnaires was set-up in September 1999 (a month after commencement of fieldwork). A set of scrutiny notes to guide in manual checking was developed to assess the consistency of the data collected. This is referred to as cold-deck scrutiny. A computer program (hot-deck scrutiny) for verification and validation was developed and operated during data processing. In addition, a set of matching-rules for the panel households was developed in September 1999. These were straightforward by using four variables namely; name, sex, age and education of the head of household. The matching exercise as well as manual scrutiny was a continuous process, which was finally accomplished in September 2000.

UNPS is designed to produce annual estimates to inform key policies in Uganda. Participant households were recruited from the 2005 - 2006 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) wave from all 80 districts in Uganda, forming a nationally representative sample. At baseline, over 2,000 households were included in the panel. Participants have been followed up five times since the baseline in 2009.

Abstract

The Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 1995-96 like the earlier household surveys covered the entire country. Subject-wise the survey collected data on area and outputs of major crops grown by households along with socio-economic aspects including child-health and mother care. UNHS also included a community survey collecting information on markets and prices and other infrastructure and facilities available for the residents at RC1 level.

The objectives of the survey was as follows: a) To plan, design and conduct a national household crop farming survey and to prepare reports thereon providing estimates of area and output of major crops on a continuing annual basis; b) To integrate monitoring socio-economic household and community surveys in the total programme to provide integrated dataset to understand the mechanisms and effects of structural adjustments and other policy measures on a continuing basis. c) To meet the data-needs of users in the National Council of Children, UNICEF, Ministry of Health and others to monitor the progress of project activities aimed towards improvement of child-health and mother-care; d) To fill-in gaps in socio-economic data to serve needs of planning for social and economic indicators to serve needs of planning for social and economic development of the country; and e) To consolidate efforts made in building permanent national household survey capability in the Statistical Department of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Major crop
• Community

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling design of UNHS is stratified multi-stage sampling. Each district is a separate stratum with further sub-stratification as district-town, other urban areas and rural areas. There are a total of 103 strata. In rural areas further stratifications by crop-types and grouping sub-countries in a district growing similar major crops had been done.

(Refer to Chapter 2 (Sampling Design on UNHS, 1995-96) of "Manual of Instructions to Field Workers" survey document for detail sampling procedure)

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The survey have four questionnaires namely: i) Listing questionnaire; ii) Crop-survey questionnaire; iii) Socio-economic survey questionnaire; and iv) Community questionnaire

Listing Questionnaire is meant for preparation of comprehensive lists of households and selection of a sample of households in selected EAs. The Cop-Survey Questionnaire collected data on household characteristics including education and health of the members of the household and on employment, areas and outputs of the crop-farming activity of household. Through the Socio-economic Survey Questionnaire, important socio-economic data relating to household and its members, collected. Community Survey Questionnaire collected community level data.

Abstract

The overall objective of the UNPS Program is to collect high quality data on key outcome indicators such as poverty, service delivery, governance and employment among others; to monitor Government's development programmes like the NDP and the JAF among others on an annual basis. The specific objectives of the survey are:

• To provide information required for monitoring the NDP and other development objectives like the JAF, MDGs as well as specific programs such as the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) among others.
• To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level as well as annual consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty in years between the Uganda National Household Surveys (UNHS)
• To supply regular data on agriculture in order to characterize and monitor the performance of the agricultural sector.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Households

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2011-2012 UNPS survey maintained the 2010-2011 UNPS sample design whereby all households that were sampled for Wave II (2010/11) were tracked and re-interviewed in Wave III (2011-2012). Out of the 7,400 households interviewed during the UNHS 2005-2006, 3,123 households were selected for the panel surveys. As a result, the same sample was maintained in 2009-2010, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 round of surveys. During data collection, households or individuals that had permanently left the original households to known locations were tracked and interviewed. The new households formed are known as split-off households whereas the individuals are termed as movers.

Sampling deviation

The drop in the number of households between wave II and wave III can be attributed to sample attrition-that is, households/people dropping out of the sample due to refusal, death, or the inability of the field teams to locate them among others. 32 percent of the UNPS households were not traced in 2011/12 because they had shifted to unknown locations, 25 percent were not known/not found while 12 percent of the households had disintegrated. Regionally, higher proportions of households (48%) that had shifted were registered in the Eastern and Western regions while Kampala (44%) had the highest percentage of households that were not know/not found and the Northern region (18%) had the highest of those households that had disintegrated.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Cleaning operations

The 2011-2012 round of UNPS used a computerized system of data collection whereby field staff directly captured information using Ultra Mobile Personal Computers (UMPCs) during data collection. The UMPCs were loaded with a data entry application with in-built range and consistency checks to ensure good quality data. Field Team Leaders run checks on the data while still in the field thereafter electronically transmitting it to UBOS Headquarters for verification. Every team was facilitated with an internet modem, a generator and extra UMPC batteries to ensure uninterrupted power supply and internet connectivity while in the field.

Response rate

75 percent

Abstract

The demand for and use of statistical information for evidence-based policy and decision making has transcended the margins of administrative boundaries to cover household activities and behavior. Monitoring changes at household level through household surveys has, therefore, become more important now than ever before. The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has been conducting an integrated household survey, popularly known as Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) every other year since the late 1980s. Through the UNHS, Uganda has a very rich household time series data covering almost one and half decades. The data have been the main source of statistical information for monitoring poverty levels, trends and related welfare issues. The UNHS 2012/13 covered all the 112 districts in Uganda. Field data collection was spread over a 12-month period from June 2012 to June 2013 to take care of seasonality factors and also enable comparability with previous surveys. A total of 7500 households scientifically selected countrywide were covered. The Survey was comprehensive and had four modules, namely; Socio-economic, Labour Force, Community and Price modules.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

The UNHS 2012/13 had the following units of analysis: individuals, housheholds, and communities.

Universe

The survey covered all household members (usual residents), all currently employed and unemployed persons aged 5 years and above, resident in the household.

Sampling procedure

The 2012/13 UNHS sample was designed to allow for reliable estimation of key indicators at the national, rural-urban, regions levels and separately for 10 sub-regions. A two-stage stratified sampling design was used. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were grouped by districts and rural-urban location, then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). At the second stage, households which are the Ultimate Sampling Units were drawn using Systematic Random Sampling.

A total of 750 EAs were selected using the 2012 Uganda Population and Housing Census Mapping Frame. These EAs were distributed to the 10 sub-regions in equal proportions with consideration of the rural-urban domains. The 10 sub-regions stratified on the basis of common socio-demographic characteristics were as follows: 1. Kampala (comprising of the entire Kampala City Council Authority (KCCA)); 2. Central I (Kalangala, Masaka, Mpigi, Rakai, Sembabule, Wakiso, Lyantonde, Bukomansimbi, Butambala, Gomba, Kalungu and Lwengo); 3. Central II (Kiboga, Luwero, Mubende, Mukono, Nakasongola, Kayunga, Mityana, Nakaseke, Buikwe, Buvuma and Kyankwanzi); 4. East Central (Bugiri, Iganga, Jinja, Kamuli, Mayuge, Kaliro, Namutumba, Buyende and Luuka); 5. Eastern (Busia, Kapchorwa, Katakwi, Kumi, Mbale, Pallisa, Soroti, Tororo, Kaberamaido, Sironko, Amuria, Budaka, Buduuda, Bukedea, Bukwo, Butaleja, Manafwa, Bulambuli, Kibuku, Kween, Namayingo, Ngora and Serere); 6. Mid-Northern (Apac, Gulu, Kitgum, Lira, Pader, Amolatar, Amuru, Dokolo, Oyam, Agago, Alebtong, Kole, Lamwo, Nwoya and Otuke); 7. North-East (comprising the districts of Kotido, Moroto, Nakapiripirit, Abim, Kaabong, Amudat and Napak); 8. West-Nile (comprising the districts of Adjumani, Arua, Moyo, Nebbi, Yumbe, Koboko, Maracha and Zombo); 9. Mid-Western (comprising the districts of Bundibugyo, Hoima, Kabarole, Kasese, Kibaale, Masindi, Kamwenge, Kyenjojo, Buliisa, Kiryandongo, Kyegegwa and Ntoroko); 10. South Western (comprising the districts of Bushenyi, Kabale, Kisoro, Mbarara, Ntungamo, Rukungiri, Kanungu, Ibanda, Isingiro, Kiruhura, Buhweju, Mitooma, Rubirizi and Sheema).

Mode of data collection

A centralized approach was employed during data collection whereby 12 mobile field teams hired at the headquarters were dispatched to different sampled areas. Each team comprised of one Supervisor, 3 to 4 Enumerators and a Driver. The field interviewers were recruited based on fluency of local language spoken in the respective regions of deployment. At the headquarters, a team of Regional Supervisors, Editing Officers, Data Entry Staff and Computer Programmers were assigned to undertake other survey activities respectively. The field data collection commenced in the month of June 2012 and was completed in June 2013 Data Processing and Management Scanning technology was used to capture and process images from the questionnaires. This process involved a number of stages: i) System Development and Testing

This process involved building various alternative scenarios and templates for data capture. System efficiency, stability and scalability were taken into account. ii) Hardware & Software

The major components of the scanning process included: ? Bar-code Scanning Suite ? Guillotine Machine ? Document Scanners & Software ? Computers ? Recognition Stations (High Capacity Computers) ? Server and Server Software ? Local Area Network Installation ? Backup Software ? Recognition Engines Software Licenses

iii) Scanning Technique

Scanning is a method whereby images and/or text are transformed into digital form that is recognized by a computer. Digitized images of questionnaire forms were processed to extract the data to be stored in file formats e.g. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) usable in analysis.

Geographic coverage

Nationally representative sample

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling Frame

The 2002 population and housing census provided a frame for sample selection. The frame contains a list of all administrative units up to the lowest level called, 'Local Council 1', or LC1. This is usually, but not always consistent with a village in terms of area. The Enumeration Area (EA) may comprise of one village/LC1, or more than one village/LC1. The demarcation of EAs is based on total population within a given area and in many instances, may vary by locality. In addition the sampling frame also indicates the EA to which a particular LC belongs. The 2002 Uganda Sampling Frame has a total of 33,283 EAs.

Study population

The study population comprised of the entire population of Uganda. Based on the distribution of households in table 1 above, the sample was determined based on information from Uganda National Household survey 2005/06 conducted by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. The proportion of internal migrants reported in the past 5 years has been used to estimate the required sample. Given the limited nature of the number of international migrants, the proportion of internal migrants is considered adequate to provide sufficient estimates of the indicators of interest.

Sample allocation by region

The above sample was proportionately allocated across the four statistical regions on the basis of the population in each of the regions. There was oversampling for urban population approximately by 5 times. To ease implementation, the regional sample was further disaggregated down to Enumeration Area level.

Selection of Enumeration Areas

The task was to undertake a nationally-representative survey of 2,000 households (urban and rural combined) in 2009 that would provide information on migration, remittances and their effects on development. The frame was be divided into two strata namely rural and urban. A two-stage stratified sample design was adopted. The first stage representing the primary sampling unit comprised of the selection of EAs from each of the strata while at the second and ultimate stage households were selected. EAs were selected from the list of Enumeration Areas developed after the 2002 Population and Housing Census and updated to include new districts.

The selection of EAs was proportionally done based on the number of households in the respective stratum according to the 2006 Uganda household survey. All the EAs in each domain were sorted by county, sub-county and parish. A random number was generated and an appropriate random start and sampling interval was systematically selected from the ordered list with probability proportionate to number of households. This was done separately for urban and rural areas, hence stratified sampling. The proportion of EAs sampled in urban areas is about 5 times that in rural.

Selection of households

At the second stage, a complete listing of households in each EA was done to classify the households into three groups: non migrants, internal migrants and international migrants. The number of households per EA varied from around 20 to about 1000. Most of the time, all households were listed even in the large EAs since it was difficult to establish lines of demarcation to segment the EA.

A total of 10 households were selected randomly from each of the 200 EAs. The goal was to select 4 households with an international migrant (emigrant), 3 with one or more internal migrants, and 3 with no migrant. This sampling was done from the three strata or listings of households according to migration status. Separate sampling was done from each stratum using systematic sampling. In case of a refusal or other reason for non-response, another household was selected from the same stratum to reach the desired quota. In case the number of households listed in any of the three strata was smaller than the numbers desired (4, 3, 3), then all those listed in that stratum were automatically sampled and the short fall selected from the next stratum.

For example, if there were, say, 150 households in an EA, with 3 with international migrants, 27 with internal migrants, and 120 with no migrants, the numbers selected would be, respectively, 3, 3 and 3. But to make up 10, priority would be given to the migrant stratum to add one more, randomly selected, from that stratum. As another example, suppose there were 0 international migrant households; then 7 would be selected from the internal migrant stratum and still only 3 from the list of non-migrant households.

The choice of 10 households per EA was based on experience from the various economic surveys conducted by UBOS, where 10 households provide adequate representation at EA level for most of the economic and social indicators.

The listing operation

The survey targeted household with in-migrants or former members who have migrated away, whether to another part of the country (urban or rural) or to another country. Since the census frame does not uniquely identify who is a migrant or non migrant, and owing to the lack of an up to date list of all households in Uganda from which to draw the sample, the survey team adopted a listing exercise as stop gap measure.

The exercise involved conducting a fresh listing of all households in each of the selected EAs. During the exercise, households with migrants were identified and the migrants clearly categorized as internal-within Uganda- or international where household members had moved to another country all together. The total number of listed household numbers was 24,618. Thereafter, a sample of 10 households was selected using systematic sampling procedure.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire consisted of seven sections namely: A Cover Sheet requiring household identification particulars including district name and code, county name and code, parish name and code, EA name, stratum, household number, names of the household head and first spouse, number of household members and a description of the location of the household.

In addition, the page captured details of the interview including the interviewer name, date, duration and the outcome of the interview. It also provided for the team leaders remarks and signature.

Section 1: Household roster This section captured the socio-demographic characteristics of all household members.

Section 2: Households housing conditions In this section, information was sought on the type of dwelling, occupancy status, the physical characteristics of the dwelling, and access to basic utilities including water, electricity and sanitation.

Section 3 Household Assets and Expenditure The section collected information on the assets and expenditures of the household. This information was used to determine the welfare status of the household.

Section 4: Household Use of Financial Services: In this section, information relating to use of financial services by household members was collected.

Section 5: Internal and International Migration And Remittances From Former Household Members This section captured information on migration, both internal and international as well as remittances received by the household from former household member migrants.

Section 6: Internal and International Migration and Remittances From Former Household Members Like section 5 above, section 6 sought information on migration, both internal and international as well as remittances received by the household from non household member migrants.

Section 7: Return Migrants Here information on Return migrants was captured. A return migrant was defined as an adult member (over 18 years old) currently living in the household, who had lived in another country or another place in Uganda for at least 3 months in the 5 years preceding the survey. The information sought in this section related to the last migration episode for each return migrant.

Cleaning operations

Data Editing: Data editing was initially done by six editors from among the enumerators.

Prior to data entry, efforts were made to manually edit and ensure that inconsistent entries in the questionnaire were corrected. Data entry was initially done using the EPIDATA software after which it was exported to SPSS for further processing and analysis. This included the creation of variable and value labels for the data.

Response rate

Three categories of non response were encountered in the survey. These include: · Household not Visisted: In this category, the survey teams were unable to visit the households due to one reason or another. This happened in Karamoja, where 2 EAs could not be visited due to insecurity; Kalangala, an island EA where residents were reported to have vacated the EA on the advice of the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) in a bid to conserve the environment, four years prior to the visit by the survey team and in Kampala, where an EA could not be located. This led to a loss of 40 responses. · Incomplete Information: Here households were located but enumerators were not able to conduct or complete the interviews due to various reasons. Such reasons include respondents' hostility, interruption by an unforeseen event such as death of the respondent's close relative. The total number of responses lost in this category is 79. Overall, there were 1872 valid responses received representing a response rate of 94%. Of these, 49% reported having migrants.

Abstract

The objectives of the UNHS 1996/97 were as follows: - To provide an integrated data set to understand the mechanisms and effects of the various socio-economic programs and policies on a continuous basis. - To test the methodology and procedures of conducting a Labour Force Survey that was scheduled for 1997/98. - To collect some broad statistics and information that served as a guideline to the planning and execution of a Mortality Survey in 1997/98. - To further meet specific data needs of particular institutions like UNICEF, Ministry of Health in the field of child-health and mother-care. - To further consolidate efforts made in building a permanent national survey capability in the Statistics Department.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling Design In spite of a number of limitations, the list of Enumeration Areas (EA's) prepared for the 1991 Population Census, along with maps and data on households and population is the only available sampling frame to be used. The sampling design and procedure for selection of the first stage unit (fsu) were as follows: a) Basically, a stratified multi-stage sampling design was adopted. Each district was a sub-stratum with further sub-stratification as district town, other urban areas and rural areas. There were 102 total strata. There was no further sub-stratification. b) In those districts where information of Enumeration Areas (EA's) with mapping exercise had been completed during 1991 Population Census, there was two stage design with EA's as the first-stage units (fsu) and with households as the second or ultimate stage units. In other districts, a three stage sampling design was adopted with a parish as the fsu. LC 1 as second stage unit (ssu) and a household as the third or ultimate stage unit. c) During UNHS 1996/97, all fsu's was selected afresh and practice of selecting common fsu's from earlier surveys was dispensed with. Fsu's from all the strata was selected with probability proportional to the number of households without replacement. d) The total number of fsu's selected in Uganda as a whole was 624.

For districts without Census Maps fsu was a parish. LC 1's in the selected parishes was listed at the field stage and two LC 1's per parish was selected on the basis of simple random sampling without replacement. All the households in the selected LC 1's or EA's where two stage sampling was used and listed. 10 households selected in the basis of simple random sampling and surveyed for both socio-economic and labour force components. Community survey was done in all the LC 1's selected in three stage sampling and one LC 1 per EA in two stage sampling after listing and selecting one LC 1 on the basis of simple random sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The UNHS 1996/97 survey was collected using three questionnaires - i) the listing questionnaire; ii) the labour force and socio-economic questionnaire and iii) the community questionnaire. All the three questionnaires put together covered a wide range of inter-related subjects.

Abstract

Although the first case of COVID-19 in Uganda was confirmed on the 22nd of March, the Government of Uganda had undertaken several actions starting on the 18th of March, including travel restrictions, 14-day quarantine for all international arrivals, and cancellation of all international conferences and public gatherings, including, but not limited to, religious services, weddings, and concerts. On the 30th of March, the President declared a nationwide curfew from 7 pm to 6:30 am; banned public transportation; and instituted strict regulations for the movement of government and private vehicles. Vaccination campaigns began in March 2021. Uganda re-entered a partial lockdown starting on June 7th, 2021. The second lockdown was slightly longer than the first one but less strict. A presidential directive banned travel between districts, restricted gatherings, and suspended schools. As governments implement various containment measures, it is important to understand how households in the country are affected and responding to the evolving crises, so that policy responses can be designed well and targeted effectively to reduce the negative impacts on household welfare. The original objective of the UHFPS was to monitor the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 and its related restrictions. The survey has followed the evolving COVID-19 pandemic in real-time and contributed to filling critical gaps in information that could be used by the government and stakeholders to help design policies to mitigate the negative impacts on its population. Lately, the objective of the UHFPS has unfolded to track the socioeconomic effects of global crises. A new phase of the survey was inaugurated to monitor economic sentiments and the socioeconomic impact of other shocks such as the Russia-Ukraine war and extreme weather events. The UHFPS is proposed to have multiple rounds to accommodate the evolving nature of the crisis. Questionnaires are revised before each new round of surveys to adapt to crises develops. The final sample for the first round of the survey is 2,257 households selected from those of the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) wave 8 that had a phone number for at least one household member or one reference individual. All households not explicitly refusing to participate in the survey are reinterviewed in the consequent rounds. The final sample for round 2 is 2199; whereas the final sample for round 3 and round 4 counts 2147 and 2136 households respectively. In Round 5, 2122 households were interviewed. In Round 6, 2100 households and Round 7, 1950 were interviewed. Round 8 has seen 1,881 households being interviewed. Round 9 counts 1871 households, Round 10 - 1668, Round 11 - 1666 , Round 12 - 1783, Round 13 - 1765, Round 14 - 1838, Round 15 - 1729, Round 16 - 1,795 , and Round 17 - 1,761 households. Weights are adjusted to be nationally representative in each round.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals

Sampling procedure

The sample of the COVID-19 impact survey is a subsample of the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) 2019/20 (wave 8). UNPS2019/20 interviewed 3098 households of which 2333 were in the urban area and 745 in the rural area. In the panel, households are asked to provide a phone number either of their own or of a reference person (e.g. neighbor, friends...) to be reached in case the households move from their original sample location. In wave 8, 2386 households provided a phone number. To obtain a nationally representative sample for the COVID-19 Impact Survey, a sample size of approximately 1,800 successfully interviewed households was targeted. However, to reach that target, a larger pool of households needed to be selected from the frame due to the non-contact and non-response common for telephone surveys. Thus, all the households in the 2019/20 round of the UNPS that had phone numbers for at least one household member, or a reference individual were included in the initial sample. This consisted of 2227 households, which is 72% of the UNPS 2019/20 sample. Starting in round 13 (phase 3), the original UHFPS sample was complimented with a refresher sample drawn from the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 2020. The sample refresher intended to overcome the high nonresponse rates accrued with the succession of rounds of data collection and due to respondents’ fatigue. The target of the new additional sample was to reestablish the sample size from the first round of the survey, therefore 650 new households were drawn from the UNHS proportionally to attrition rates in the original strata.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]

Research instrument

The COVID-19 survey had consisted of one main Household questionnaire per each round. The questionnaire is divided into several sections and the number of questions in each section varied accordingly.

ROUND 1: The Household Questionnaire for Round 1 provides information on demographics; knowledge and false beliefs regarding the spread of COVID-19; behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; employment; Agriculture; income loss; food security; concerns; coping/shocks; and social safety nets.

ROUND 2: The Household Questionnaire for Round 2 provides information on demographics; Perceptions Re: Efficacy of Government Actions; behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; employment; Agriculture; non-agricultural income; income loss; food security; credit; concerns; and social safety nets.

ROUND 3: The Household Questionnaire for Round 3 provides information on demographics; Perceptions Re: Efficacy of Government Actions behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; employment; Agriculture; non-agricultural income; income loss; food security; credit; concerns; and social safety nets.

ROUND 4: The Household Questionnaire for Round 4 provides information on demographics; Education; Perceptions Re: Efficacy of Government Actions behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; employment; Agriculture; non-agricultural income; income loss; food security; concerns; and social safety nets.

ROUND 5: The questionnaire for Round 5 provides information on demographics; Education; Childhood development (parental support at home); behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; assets; employment; Agriculture; non-agricultural income; income loss; food security; concerns; and social safety nets.

ROUND 6: The questionnaire for Round 6 provides information on demographics; Education; Childhood development (child behaviour and child discipline); behavior and social distancing; access to basic services; employment of the respondent and other household member; assets; Agriculture; non-agricultural income; income loss; food security; concerns; shocks and coping strategies; and social safety nets.

ROUND 7: The questionnaire for Round 7 provides information on demographics; Education; knowledge regarding the spread of COVID-19; perception on government action against COVID-19; behavior and social distancing; access; employment of the respondent and other household member; agriculture; non-agricultural business; food security; concerns; and social safety nets.

ROUND 8: The questionnaire for Round 8 provides the following information : Interview information; Interview result; Household Roster; Phone number roster; Education; Behavior and Social distancing; Access to essential goods and services; Access to health services; Employment respondent; Non-Agricultural Business; Income loss; Credit in the last 12 months; Coping Strategies; Food Insecurity Experience Scale; Food prices; Economic Sentiment; Climate.

ROUND 9: The questionnaire for Round 9 provides the following information : Interview information; Interview result; Household Roster; Health access - Main respondent; Vaccines - Main Respondent; Access to Essential Goods and Services; Access to Health services; Employment respondent; Non-Farm Enterprise; Concerns -Main Respondent; Commodities Prices; Food Insecurity Experience Scale.

ROUND 10: The questionnaire for Round 10 provides the following information : Interview information; Interview result; Household Roster; Health access - Main respondent; Source of income; Income loss; Access to Health services; Employment respondent; Non-Farm Enterprise; Commodities Prices; Food Insecurity Experience Scale; Safety nets; Economic Sentiments; Concerns on Ebola Virus; Parish Development Model; Concerns (Mental Health).

ROUND 11: The questionnaire for Round 11 provides the following information : Cover; Household roster update; Perceptions Re: Efficacy of Government Actions; Access; Health -Access main respondent; Behavior and Social Distancing; Employment respondent; Non_x0002_Agricultural Business; Income Loss; Commodities prices; Food Security; Concerns Regarding COVID-19/Ebola Impacts; Safety Nets; Agriculture : Post-planting;Crop harvest; Livestock; Interview Result.

ROUND 12: The questionnaire for Round 12 provides the following information : Interview information; Interview result; Household Roster; Health access; Behavior and Social distancing; Access to Health services; Employment respondent; Non-Farm Enterprise; Source of income; Income loss; Access to Credit and Loan characteristics; Food Insecurity Experience Scale; Concerns on Ebola Virus; Coping strategies; Commodity prices; Economic Sentiments; E-commerce and delivery services for food and E-commerce and online services.

ROUND 13: The questionnaire for Round 13 provides the following information : Interview information; Interview result; Household roster; Health access; Yellow fever; Access to essential goods and services; Employment respondent; Food Insecurity Experience