Annual estimates of balanced UK regional gross domestic product (GDP). Current price estimates and chained volume measures for combined authorities and city regions.

The gross domestic product per capita of London was ****** British pounds in 2023, far larger than that of other major cities in England, such as Manchester which had a GDP per capita of ****** pounds.

In 2023, the gross domestic product per capita in London was 63,618 British pounds, compared with 37,135 pounds per capita for the United Kingdom as a whole. Apart from London, the only other region of the UK that had a greater GDP per capita than the UK average was South East England, at 38,004 pounds per capita. By contrast, North East England had the lowest GDP per capita among UK regions, at 26,347 pounds. Regional imbalance in the UK economy? London's overall GDP in 2022 was over 508 billion British pounds, which accounted for almost a quarter of the overall GDP of the United Kingdom. South East England had the second-largest regional economy in the country, with a GDP of almost 341.7 billion British pounds. Furthermore, these two regions were the only ones that had higher levels of productivity (as measured by output per hour worked) than the UK average. While recent governments have recognized regional inequality as a major challenge facing the country, it may take several years for any initiatives to bear fruit. The creation of regional metro mayors across England is one of the earliest attempts at giving regions and cities in particular more power over spending in their regions than they currently have. UK economy growth slow in late 2024 After ending 2023 with two quarters of negative growth, the UK economy grew at the reasonable rate of 0.8 percent and 0.4 percent in the first and second quarters of the year. This was, however, followed by zero growth in the third quarter, and by just 0.1 percent in the last quarter of the year. Other economic indicators, such as the inflation rate, fell within the expected range in 2024, but have started to rise again, with a rate of three percent recorded in January 2025. While unemployment has witnessed a slight uptick since 2022, it is still at quite low levels compared with previous years.

Annual estimates of balanced UK regional gross domestic product (GDP). Current price estimates and chained volume measures for UK countries, ITL1, ITL2 and ITL3 regions.

Gross domestic product (GDP) in current market prices and as chained volume measures, plus GDP per capita, for each local authority district, metropolitan district, London borough and Scottish Council area in the UK.

Actual value and historical data chart for United Kingdom GDP Per Capita Us Dollar

In 2023, London had a gross domestic product of over 569 billion British pounds, by far the most of any region of the United Kingdom. The region of South East England which surrounds London had the second-highest GDP in this year, at over 360 billion pounds. North West England, which includes the major cities of Manchester and Liverpool, had the third-largest GDP among UK regions, at almost 250 billion pounds. Levelling Up the UK London’s economic dominance of the UK can clearly be seen when compared to the other regions of the country. In terms of GDP per capita, the gap between London and the rest of the country is striking, standing at over 63,600 pounds per person in the UK capital, compared with just over 37,100 pounds in the rest of the country. To address the economic imbalance, successive UK governments have tried to implement "levelling-up policies", which aim to boost investment and productivity in neglected areas of the country. The success of these programs going forward may depend on their scale, as it will likely take high levels of investment to reverse economic neglect regions have faced in the recent past. Overall UK GDP The gross domestic product for the whole of the United Kingdom amounted to 2.56 trillion British pounds in 2024. During this year, GDP grew by 0.9 percent, following a growth rate of 0.4 percent in 2023. Due to the overall population of the UK growing faster than the economy, however, GDP per capita in the UK fell in both 2023 and 2024. Nevertheless, the UK remains one of the world’s biggest economies, with just five countries (the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India) having larger economies. It is it likely that several other countries will overtake the UK economy in the coming years, with Indonesia, Brazil, Russia, and Mexico all expected to have larger economies than Britain by 2050.

The city of Paris in France had an estimated gross domestic product of 757.6 billion Euros in 2021, the most of any European city. Paris was followed by the spanish capital, Madrid, which had a GDP of 237.5 billion Euros, and the Irish capital, Dublin at 230 billion Euros. Milan, in the prosperous north of Italy, had a GDP of 228.4 billion Euros, 65 billion euros larger than the Italian capital Rome, and was the largest non-capital city in terms of GDP in Europe. The engine of Europe Among European countries, Germany had by far the largest economy, with a gross domestic product of over 4.18 trillion Euros. The United Kingdom or France have been Europe's second largest economy since the 1980s, depending on the year, with forecasts suggesting France will overtake the UK going into the 2020s. Germany however, has been the biggest European economy for some time, with five cities (Munich, Berlin, Hamburg, Stuttgart and Frankfurt) among the 15 largest European cities by GDP. Europe's largest cities In 2023, Moscow was the largest european city, with a population of nearly 12.7 million. Paris was the largest city in western Europe, with a population of over 11 million, while London was Europe's third-largest city at 9.6 million inhabitants.

This horizontal bar chart displays GDP (current US$) by capital city using the aggregation sum in the United Kingdom. The data is about countries per year.

CN: GDP: per Capita: Anhui: Xuancheng data was reported at 78,358.000 RMB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 76,853.000 RMB for 2022. CN: GDP: per Capita: Anhui: Xuancheng data is updated yearly, averaging 28,057.506 RMB from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 78,358.000 RMB in 2023 and a record low of 6,144.410 RMB in 2001. CN: GDP: per Capita: Anhui: Xuancheng data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Xuancheng Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

CN: GDP: per Capita: Guangdong: Zhanjiang data was reported at 53,757.127 RMB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 52,786.547 RMB for 2022. CN: GDP: per Capita: Guangdong: Zhanjiang data is updated yearly, averaging 25,317.762 RMB from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53,757.127 RMB in 2023 and a record low of 6,230.589 RMB in 2000. CN: GDP: per Capita: Guangdong: Zhanjiang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Zhanjiang Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

As of 2024, the population density in London was by far the highest number of people per square km in the UK, at *****. Of the other regions and countries which constitute the United Kingdom, North West England was the next most densely populated area at *** people per square kilometer. Scotland, by contrast, is the most sparsely populated country or region in the United Kingdom, with only ** people per square kilometer. Countries, regions, and cities In 2024, the population of the United Kingdom reached **** million. The majority of people in the UK live in England, which had a population of **** million that year, followed by Scotland at *** million, Wales at **** million and finally Northern Ireland at just over *** million. Within England, the South East was the region with the highest population at almost *** million, followed by London at just over *****million. In terms of cities, London is the largest urban agglomeration in the United Kingdom, followed by Manchester, and then Birmingham, although both these cities combined would still have a smaller population than the UK capital. London calling London's huge size in relation to other UK cities is also reflected by its economic performance. In 2023, London's GDP was over ****billion British pounds, around a quarter of UK's overall GDP. In terms of GDP per capita, Londoners had a GDP per head of ****** pounds, compared with an average of ****** for the country as a whole. Productivity, expressed as by output per hour worked, was also far higher in London than the rest of the country. In 2023, London was around *****percent more productive than the rest of the country, with South East England the only other region where productivity was higher than the national average.

GDP: per Capita: Henan: Luoyang data was reported at 77,434.000 RMB in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 80,226.000 RMB for 2022. GDP: per Capita: Henan: Luoyang data is updated yearly, averaging 45,315.816 RMB from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80,226.000 RMB in 2022 and a record low of 7,418.460 RMB in 2001. GDP: per Capita: Henan: Luoyang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Luoyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

London had the highest unemployment rate among regions of the United Kingdom in the third quarter of 2025 at *** percent, while for the UK as a whole, the unemployment rate was **** percent. Six other regions also had an unemployment rate higher than the national average, while Northern Ireland had the lowest unemployment rate in this time period, at *** percent. Labor market recovery after COVID-19 After reaching historically low levels of unemployment in 2019, there was a noticeable spike in the UK unemployment rate in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. After peaking at ****percent in late 2020, the unemployment rate declined throughout 2021 and 2022. High levels of job vacancies, resignations, and staff shortages in 2022, were all indicative of a very tight labor market that year, but all these measures have started to point in the direction of a slightly looser labor market. UK's regional economic divide While the North of England has some of the country’s largest cities, the sheer size and economic power of London is much larger than the UK's other urban agglomerations. Partly, due to the size of London, the United Kingdom is one of Europe’s most centralized counties, and there is a clear divide between the economic prospects of north and south England. In 2022, for example, the gross domestic product per head in London was ****** British pounds, far higher than the UK average of *******pounds, and significantly larger than North East England, the region with the lowest GDP per head at *******pounds.

By 2047 the population of London is expected to reach 9.97 million people, an increase of almost 699,500 when compared with 2025. While there has been quite a steep rise in its population in recent years, London’s population growth was relatively stagnant throughout the 1980s and even decreased slightly towards the end of that decade. After peaking at 8.89 million in 2019, the population of London has fallen slightly, to 8.8 million by 2021. UK population forecast Like London, the population of the United Kingdom is forecast to continue to grow well into the middle of the century. By 2046, the population of the UK is estimated to be over 76.3 million people, an increase of over 20 million people when compared with the population figures for 1976. Additionally, the average age of the population is predicted to increase from 39.5 years in 2020 to 44.5 years by the mid-2040s, and continue to increase towards the end of the century. London looms large In the UK, London is by far the largest urban agglomeration in the country, dwarfing the UK's next largest cities of Birmingham, Manchester, and Leeds. London also has a dominant economic position in the UK, with the city accounting for around a quarter of the total GDP in the country. The UK capital also has a far higher GDP per head than the rest of the county, at over ****** pounds in 2023, compared with the UK average of ****** pounds.

Cardiff and Vale of Glamorgan was the local area of Wales that had the highest gross domestic product in 2023, at over **** billion British pounds. By contrast, the Isle of Anglesey had a GDP of just around **** billion pounds, the lowest of the provided Welsh regions.

GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Liaocheng data was reported at 46,995.000 RMB in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 44,485.000 RMB for 2021. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Liaocheng data is updated yearly, averaging 32,968.200 RMB from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2022, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51,935.000 RMB in 2018 and a record low of 5,733.780 RMB in 2001. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Liaocheng data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Liaocheng Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

GDP: per Capita: Fujian: Quanzhou data was reported at 137,060.359 RMB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 136,532.976 RMB for 2022. GDP: per Capita: Fujian: Quanzhou data is updated yearly, averaging 27,005.500 RMB from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 137,060.359 RMB in 2023 and a record low of 1,088.000 RMB in 1990. GDP: per Capita: Fujian: Quanzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Quanzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Dongying data was reported at 164,430.000 RMB in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 155,279.000 RMB for 2021. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Dongying data is updated yearly, averaging 23,267.000 RMB from Dec 1978 (Median) to 2022, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 164,430.000 RMB in 2022 and a record low of 1,167.000 RMB in 1981. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Dongying data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Dongying Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.

GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Yantai data was reported at 144,241.000 RMB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 134,581.000 RMB for 2022. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Yantai data is updated yearly, averaging 73,025.851 RMB from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 144,241.000 RMB in 2023 and a record low of 15,165.120 RMB in 2001. GDP: per Capita: Shandong: Yantai data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Yantai Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AE: Gross Domestic Product: Prefecture Level City: per Capita.