The United Kingdom’s demand for electricity has been declining since 2005, standing at 316.52 terawatt-hours in 2023. Some factors for this decreasing are declining population growth in the country, energy efficiency regulations, energy-efficient lighting, and changing consumer habits. Domestic electricity consumption in the UK Households are the largest electricity end-users in the UK. In fact, domestic consumption is the only sector that registered year-over-year growth over the past few years, reaching roughly 100 terawatt-hours in 2022. Nevertheless, the average domestic electricity consumption varied from region to region. Consumption was highest in the East, South East, and South West of England, each registering an average of more than 3,600 kilowatt-hours per household. Declining electricity generation in the UK Keeping up with the decline in demand, electricity generation in the UK has also been decreasing. In 2023, approximately 293 terawatt-hours were produced, the lowest output in at least three decades. Although electricity generation has been declining, renewable generation has increased significantly. As of 2023, renewables accounted for the largest electricity generation capacity in the UK, and that capacity is forecast to more than double by 2050. By 2025, the use of coal is expected to have been completely phased out.

Primary energy consumption in the United Kingdom amounted to roughly seven exajoules in 2023. Overall, oil and natural gas were by far the most consumed fuels in the country. By comparison, consumption of primary energy from renewables stood at 1.38 exajoules that year, up from 1.36 the year prior.

In the past decade, electricity consumption in the United Kingdom has been on the decline. Households have consistently ranked as the largest electricity final users in the country. In 2023, households in the UK consumed 93 terawatt-hours of electricity, or roughly 35 percent of the total consumption. Meanwhile, the industrial sector's consumption of electricity has fallen from 117 terawatt-hours in 2005 to 86 terawatt-hours in 2023.

The United Kingdom’s electricity use has been declining since peaking at 357 terawatt-hours in 2005. In 2023, the UK's electricity consumption fell to its lowest level this century, at 266 terawatt-hours. Electricity consumption in the UK typically follows a seasonal trend, peaking in the winter months. How electricity-intensive is the UK? Despite the continual decline in electricity consumption, the UK remains one of the largest electricity consumers in the world. In terms of per capita electricity consumption, however, the UK pales in comparison to other European countries such as Norway, Germany, and France. In 2022, it registered an average of 4,813 kilowatt-hours per person. The race towards a clean power mix In 2010, gas and coal accounted for roughly 75 percent of the UK's power mix. Since then, alongside the EU Renewables Directive, the UK agreed and created its own National Renewable Energy Plan, to increase the use of renewable sources and decrease its fossil fuel dependence. In the past decade, the share of energy consumption in the UK attributable to renewable energy increased slightly, although it was still a small percentage out of the total in 2022.

The UK's energy use by industry (SIC 2007 group - around 130 categories), source (for example, industrial and domestic combustion, aircraft, road transport and so on - around 80 categories) and fuel (for example, anthracite, peat, natural gas and so on - around 20 categories), 1990 to 2022.

The consumption of electricity in the United Kingdom has fluctuated on an annual and seasonal basis throughout the period depicted, and indicated a general downward trend. Demand was consistently higher in the winter months, peaking each year in January or December. In April 2024, electricity consumption in the UK amounted to 22.7 terawatt-hours. Domestic users consume the most electricity Although the industrial sector's electricity demand was higher between 1990 and 2005, domestic consumers have since reclaimed their spot as the largest electricity end users in the UK. East and South East England were the regions with the highest domestic electricity consumption in Great Britain, with more than 3.7 megawatt-hours consumed per household in 2022. Declining electricity demand in the UK Electricity consumption in the UK has seen a mostly continual decrease since the turn of the century. After peaking at 357.2 terawatt hours in 2005, consumption has fallen below 300 terawatt hours in 2020. This is despite the UK's population growing by approximately seven million during this period. Projections on electricity consumption in the UK show that the decreasing trend will last until at least 2025.

The East of England accounted for the highest average household electricity consumption in Great Britain in 2022. That year, it added up to 3,720 kilowatt-hours per household. In comparison, households in the North East of England had the lowest average consumption, at 2,906 kilowatt-hours per household. End user consumption of electricity in the UK Despite continual annual declines in consumption since 2005, households have remained the largest electricity end-users in the UK since 2005. In 2020, amidst lockdown measures following the coronavirus outbreak, the gap between domestic and industrial consumption grew even wider. In 2022, domestic electricity consumption in the UK amounted to 96 terawatt-hours, while industrial consumption recorded the lowest figure of the century, at some 85 terawatt-hours. Declining electricity consumption in the UK Electricity consumption in the UK has seen a dramatic decrease in the past two decades, at least partially related to increased efficiency in equipment and distribution. In 2022, consumption from all electricity suppliers in the UK stood at 275 terawatt-hours. Projections indicate that the UK's electricity consumption will resume a growing trend after 2025, to surpass 32 million tons of oil equivalent in 2040.

Load, wind and solar, prices in hourly resolution. This data package contains different kinds of timeseries data relevant for power system modelling, namely electricity prices, electricity consumption (load) as well as wind and solar power generation and capacities. The data is aggregated either by country, control area or bidding zone. Geographical coverage includes the EU and some neighbouring countries. All variables are provided in hourly resolution. Where original data is available in higher resolution (half-hourly or quarter-hourly), it is provided in separate files. This package version only contains data provided by TSOs and power exchanges via ENTSO-E Transparency, covering the period 2015-mid 2020. See previous versions for historical data from a broader range of sources. All data processing is conducted in Python/pandas and has been documented in the Jupyter notebooks linked below.

The gross amount of energy consumed for heating and cooling purposes in the United Kingdom decreased significantly over this period, from approximately 64.6 million metric tons of oil equivalent in 2010 to 52.7 million metric tons of oil equivalent in 2020.

Key information about European Union Electricity Production

• Electricity Production in European Union reached 240,934 GWh in Dec 2024, compared with 224,888 GWh in the previous month.
• Electricity Production data of EU is updated monthly averaging at 220,184 GWh from Oct 2008 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 277,685 GWh in Jan 2011 and a record low of 189,835 GWh in Apr 2020.

This dataset was used in the Western Power Distribution Presumed Open Data competition in 2021.

The data is provided under the Western Power Distribution Open Data Licence.

There are five files:

pv_train_set4.csv - contains solar panel data - an irradiance, power output and solar panel temperature for each half-hour from 3rd November 2017 through 2nd July 2020.

weather_train_set4.csv - contains hourly reanalysis temperature and solar radiation at 6 weather stations near the solar panels (near Plymouth, UK).

demand_train_set4.csv - contains half-hourly electricity demand data from a substation near Plymouth, UK, running from 3rd November 2017 through 2nd July 2020.

pv_test_set4.csv - contains an extra week of data to pv_train_set4.csv, running from 3rd July 2020 through 9th July 2020.

demand_test_set4.csv - contains an extra week of data to demand_train_set4.csv, running from 3rd July 2020 through 9th July 2020.

The UK's renewable energy sector, including green power and sustainable energy, is set to grow significantly due to supportive government policies and a shift away from fossil fuels. Despite potential setbacks from policy changes like increased VAT on clean energy technologies and cessation of solar subsidies, the ambitious 2030 alternative energy targets offer vast opportunities for eco-friendly energy companies. The natural energy market is segmented into wind, solar, hydro, bioenergy, and others, with wind energy predicted to dominate. The low-carbon energy sector features key players like Vestas Wind Systems AS and Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy SA.

Electricity generated by renewables as a percentage of gross consumption 2000 - 2020