Following a request from the European Commission for a review of European dietary reference values (DRVs), the EFSA’s Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) has prepared a number of Scientific Opinions on DRVs for micronutrients. The DATA Unit supported this activity by estimating the nutrient intake of a number of micronutrients in nine selected European countries and different age groups. In addition, the DATA Unit also provided information on average content of food sources of the respective nutrients per country based on the composition database, as well as main food group contributors to nutrient intakes and assessed the comparability of the provided data with pertinent published intake data.

Intake estimates have been assessed using food consumption data from the EFSA Comprehensive Food Consumption Database (EFSA, 2011a) and the EFSA Nutrient composition database. Food composition data used to populate the Nutrient composition database were provided to EFSA through the EFSA procurement project ‘Updated food composition database for nutrient intake’ (Roe at al., 2013). Data were provided following the EFSA specification for standard sample description for food and feed and were classified according to the FoodEx2 classification system of EFSA (EFSA, 2011b).

The food composition data used in these assessments and here published cover the following vitamins and minerals: calcium (Ca); copper (Cu); cobalamin (vitamin B12); magnesium (Mg); niacin; phosphorus (P); potassium (K); riboflavin; thiamin; iron (Fe); selenium (Se); vitamin B6; vitamin K, zinc (Zn), and vitamin E¹. The food composition dataset contains data from seven² countries: Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, and United Kingdom. This dataset version has been checked for outliers but is prior to data completion for missing foods and nutrient values.

¹ Vitamin E is defined as alpha-tocopherol (AT) only, however as most food composition databases in the EU contain values as alpha-tocopherol equivalents (TE), data on TE are also provided

² For the nutrient intake estimates of Ireland and Latvia present in the opinions of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), food composition data from UK and Germany were respectively used

The Food Standards Agency Standard Recipes Database, 1992-2012 study includes 8,397 up-to-date recipes (for food products), guidance notes and a project report.

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) requires information on components of food dishes to ensure that foods consumed as ingredients of other foods are accounted for in dietary exposure assessments, as far as practicable and where appropriate. Exposure assessment is a vital component of risk assessment. Consumer dietary exposure assessment, in its simplest form, involves combining data on the amount of consumption of a food with data on the level of a chemical in the food in order to estimate the amount of the chemical ingested by an individual in a population over the period of the survey. UK consumption patterns are generally derived from two surveys: (i) National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) which provides detailed, quantitative information on food consumption, nutrient intakes and related characteristics in the general population. (ii) Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children (DNSIYC), 2011 which provides nationally representative data on the types and quantities of foods consumed by the 4 to 18 month age group. Food ingredients (recipe) information from the Recipes Database is used to break down the consumption of foods recorded in dietary surveys into consumption of their ingredients. Total consumption of a particular ingredient can then be calculated more accurately from all sources (e.g. "total apples" would include apples eaten as: fresh fruit, in a baked apple pie, as part of a fruit salad, from juice etc.). FSA commissioned a project (completed in 2015) to rebuild its recipes database. The protocol developed for this project included derivation of standardised recipes. The recipes represent foods consumed in the UK, as reported in national nutrition surveys. Recipes have been produced using a consistent approach and a well-documented methodology to ensure transparency.

a Food Standards Australia and New Zealand,b United States Department of Agriculture,c Food Standards Agency,d Separate databases for flavonoids, carotenoids, proanthocyanidins and isoflavones,e Eurofir EBASIS contains bioactive data for UK and Europe,f National Health Survey,ghttps://www.xyris.com.au/foodworks/fw_pro.html,hhttp://www.nutribase.com/highend.html,ihttp://www.foodresearch.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/candat-features-1.pdf,j Tinuviel Software,i Downlees Systems,k Forestfield Software,l Kelicomp,mhttp://www.tinuvielsoftware.com/faqs.htm,nhttp://www.dietsoftware.com/canada.html,o Text file: a file that only contains text,p A file containing tables of information stored in columns and separated by tabs (can be exported into almost any spreadsheet program),q Microsoft Excel spreadsheet,r Microsoft Access Database file: is a database file with automated functions and queries,s American Standard Code for Information Interchange (a standard file type that can be used by many programs),t Database File Format (this file type can be opened with Microsoft Excel and Access),u information to create Excel or PDF available,v Composition of Foods, Australia,w International Network of Food Data System,x Users guide states food name is most descriptive & recognisable of food referencedyhttp://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science/monitoringnutrients/nutrientables/nuttab/Pages/NUTTAB-2010-electronic-database-files.aspx,zhttp://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science/monitoringnutrients/ausnut/ausnutdatafiles/Pages/default.aspx,aahttp://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list,bbhttp://tna.europarchive.org/20110116113217/http://www.food.gov.uk/science/dietarysurveys/dietsurveys/,cchttp://webprod3.hc-sc.gc.ca/cnf-fce/index-eng.jspDesktop analysis and examination of six key food composition databases format.

This data package contains datasets related to mobile food including Calderdale public food register, prices of mobile food, food nutrition value database, mobile food schedule and facility permit information.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Food Standards Agency Standard Recipes Database, 1992-2012 study includes 8,397 up-to-date recipes (for food products), guidance notes and a project report. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) requires information on components of food dishes to ensure that foods consumed as ingredients of other foods are accounted for in dietary exposure assessments, as far as practicable and where appropriate. Exposure assessment is a vital component of risk assessment. Consumer dietary exposure assessment, in its simplest form, involves combining data on the amount of consumption of a food with data on the level of a chemical in the food in order to estimate the amount of the chemical ingested by an individual in a population over the period of the survey. UK consumption patterns are generally derived from two surveys: (i) National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) which provides detailed, quantitative information on food consumption, nutrient intakes and related characteristics in the general population. (ii) Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children (DNSIYC), 2011 which provides nationally representative data on the types and quantities of foods consumed by the 4 to 18 month age group. Food ingredients (recipe) information from the Recipes Database is used to break down the consumption of foods recorded in dietary surveys into consumption of their ingredients. Total consumption of a particular ingredient can then be calculated more accurately from all sources (e.g. "total apples" would include apples eaten as: fresh fruit, in a baked apple pie, as part of a fruit salad, from juice etc.). FSA commissioned a project (completed in 2015) to rebuild its recipes database. The protocol developed for this project included derivation of standardised recipes. The recipes represent foods consumed in the UK, as reported in national nutrition surveys. Recipes have been produced using a consistent approach and a well-documented methodology to ensure transparency. Main Topics: Each food recorded in the national dietary surveys is assigned a food code and a food name (which usually includes a description of the food type and condition, e.g. raw, fresh, peeled, boiled, grilled etc.). All food codes as recorded during national nutrition surveys since 1992 are included in the Standard Recipes Database (SRD), in order to reflect the UK food consumption depicted by these surveys over a period of 20 years. Simple random sample Compilation or synthesis of existing material

Analysis of ‘Food composition database for nutrient intake: selected vitamins and minerals in selected European countries’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/food-composition-database on 07 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Following a request from the European Commission for a review of European dietary reference values (DRVs), the EFSA’s Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) has prepared a number of Scientific Opinions on DRVs for micronutrients. The DATA Unit supported this activity by estimating the nutrient intake of a number of micronutrients in nine selected European countries and different age groups. In addition, the DATA Unit also provided information on average content of food sources of the respective nutrients per country based on the composition database, as well as main food group contributors to nutrient intakes and assessed the comparability of the provided data with pertinent published intake data.

Intake estimates have been assessed using food consumption data from the EFSA Comprehensive Food Consumption Database (EFSA, 2011a) and the EFSA Nutrient composition database. Food composition data used to populate the Nutrient composition database were provided to EFSA through the EFSA procurement project ‘Updated food composition database for nutrient intake’ (Roe at al., 2013). Data were provided following the EFSA specification for standard sample description for food and feed and were classified according to the FoodEx2 classification system of EFSA (EFSA, 2011b).

The food composition data used in these assessments and here published cover the following vitamins and minerals: calcium (Ca); copper (Cu); cobalamin (vitamin B12); magnesium (Mg); niacin; phosphorus (P); potassium (K); riboflavin; thiamin; iron (Fe); selenium (Se); vitamin B6; vitamin K, zinc (Zn), and vitamin E(1). The food composition dataset contains data from seven(2) countries: Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, and United Kingdom. This dataset version has been checked for outliers but is prior to data completion for missing foods and nutrient values.

(1) Vitamin E is defined as alpha-tocopherol (AT) only, however as most food composition databases in the EU contain values as alpha-tocopherol equivalents (TE), data on TE are also provided

(2) For the nutrient intake estimates of Ireland and Latvia present in the opinions of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), food composition data from UK and Germany were respectively used

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

Background:
A household food consumption and expenditure survey has been conducted each year in Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland) since 1940. At that time the National Food Survey (NFS) covered a sample drawn solely from urban working-class households, but this was extended to a fully demographically representative sample in 1950. From 1957 onwards the Family Expenditure Survey (FES) provided information on all household expenditure patterns including food expenditure, with the NFS providing more detailed information on food consumption and expenditure. The NFS was extended to cover Northern Ireland from 1996 onwards. In April 2001 these surveys were combined to form the Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS), which completely replaced both series. From January 2008, the EFS became known as the Living Costs and Food (LCF) module of the Integrated Household Survey (IHS). As a consequence of this change, the questionnaire was altered to accommodate the insertion of a core set of questions, common to all of the separate modules which together comprised the IHS. Some of these core questions are simply questions which were previously asked in the same or a similar format on all of the IHS component surveys. For further information on the LCF questionnaire, see Volume A of the LCF 2008 User Guide, held with SN 6385. Further information about the LCF, including links to published reports based on the survey, may be found by searching for 'Living Costs and Food Survey' on the ONS website. Further information on the NFS and Living Costs and Food Module of the IHS can be found by searching for 'Family Food' on the GOV.UK website.

History:
The LCF (then EFS) was the result of more than two years' development work to bring together the FES and NFS; both survey series were well-established and important sources of information for government and the wider community, and had charted changes and patterns in spending and food consumption since the 1950s. Whilst the NFS and FES series are now finished, users should note that previous data from both series are still available from the UK Data Archive, under GNs 33071 (NFS) and 33057 (FES).

Purpose of the LCF
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has overall project management and financial responsibility for the LCF, while the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) sponsors the food data element. As with the FES and NFS, the LCF continues to be primarily used to provide information for the Retail Prices Index, National Accounts estimates of household expenditure, analysis of the effect of taxes and benefits, and trends in nutrition. The results are multi-purpose, however, providing an invaluable supply of economic and social data. The merger of the two surveys also brings benefits for users, as a single survey on food expenditure removes the difficulties of reconciling data from two sources. Design and methodology The design of the LCF is based on the old FES, although the use of new processing software by the data creators has resulted in a dataset which differs from the previous structure. The most significant change in terms of reporting expenditure, however, is the introduction of the European Standard Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose (COICOP), in place of the codes previously used. An additional level of hierarchy has been developed to improve the mapping to the previous codes. The LCF was conducted on a financial year basis from 2001, then moved to a calendar year basis from January 2006 (to complement the IHS) until 2015-16, when the financial year survey was reinstated at the request of users. Therefore, whilst SN 5688 covers April 2005 - March 2006, SN 5986 covers January-December 2006. Subsequent years cover January-December until 2014. SN 8210 returns to the financial year survey and currently covers April 2015 - March 2016.

Northern Ireland sample
Users should note that, due to funding constraints, from January 2010 the Northern Ireland (NI) sample used for the LCF was reduced to a sample proportionate to the NI population relative to the UK.

Family Food database:
'Family Food' is an annual publication which provides detailed statistical information on purchased quantities, expenditure and nutrient intakes derived from both household and eating out food and drink. Data is collected for a sample of households in the United Kingdom using self-reported diaries of all purchases, including food eaten out, over a two week period. Where possible quantities are recorded in the diaries but otherwise estimated. Energy and nutrient intakes are calculated using standard nutrient composition data for each of some 500 types of food. Current estimates are based on data collected in the Family Food Module of the LCFS. Further information about the LCF food databases can be found on the GOV.UK Family Food Statistics web pages.

Secure Access version
A Secure Access version of the LCF from 2006 onwards is available from the UK Data Archive under SN 7047, subject to stringent access conditions. The Secure Access version includes variables that are not included in the standard End User Licence (EUL) version, including geographical variables with detail below Government Office Region, to postcode level; urban/rural area indicators; other sensitive variables; raw diary information files (derived variables are available in the EUL) and the family expenditure codes files. Users are strongly advised to check whether the EUL version is sufficient for their needs before considering an application for the Secure Access version.

Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files
The ONS have identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. None of ONS' headline statistics, other than those directly sourced from occupational data, are affected and you can continue to rely on their accuracy. For further information on this issue, please see: https://www.ons.gov.uk/news/statementsandletters/occupationaldatainonssurveys.

Latest edition information

For the second edition (March 2025) the DEFRA Family Food database was added to the study. This is available as a separate Access download zip file for those users who require it.

For the third edition (April 2025), the following previously unpopulated variables in the dvhh files were replaced with new versions: a111p (Rooms used solely by household - anonymised), a112 (Rooms shared by household), a114p (Rooms in accomodation - anonymised), p200p (Number of rooms occupied (DE basis) anonymised) and oecd (OECD Scale factor).

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The purpose of this survey is to produce data on the food and nutrient intake, nutritional status, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements of the British population aged between 16 and 64 in 1986/7. Main Topics: The study incorporated both dietary and physiological elements. Each individual was asked to: answer a short interview questionnaire, giving personal and household information, and general information on dietary habits; keep a record for seven days of weighed intakes of all food and drink consumed both in and out of the home; provide information on any dietary supplements, for example, vitamin tablets, and on all prescribed medicines being taken; agree to certain body measurements being taken - height, weight, wrist diameter, mid-upper arm circumference, and, for males only, calf circumference; have three consecutive measurements taken of their blood pressure and heart rate; provide a 20ml specimen of blood by venepuncture (subjects aged 18 and over only); make a 24-hour collection of urine. SPSS and SIR Databases The SPSS files were extracted primarily to produce the tabulations required for the report published by OPCS and contain only a sub-set of the dietary information collected. The files do, however, contain all of the data collected in the survey interview and all of the data associated with the physical and biochemical measures. The dietary variables included in the SPSS files are aggregates for the whole recording period and are concerned mainly with nutrient intakes rather than with individual foods. The main categories are as follows: i. Total intake of each measured nutrient over the 7-day recording period (both including and excluding the contribution of food supplements). ii. Average daily intake of each nutrient over this period (both including and excluding the contribution of food supplements). iii. Various proportions and ratios for nutrient intakes derived from items (i) and (ii); e.g. nutrient intake per 1000 kilo-calories of energy, proportion of total energy and of food energy from fats, ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fats. iv. The amount of nutrient intake derived from the main food groups (for selected nutrients only). v. Intake of each nutrient from foods consumed outside the home, and proportion of total intake of each nutrient derived from these foods. vi. The quantities of foods from various food groups consumed during the recording week. Content of SPSS files (A) SCHEDS.EX Dictionary given in EXPORT1.OUT. The file includes records for all respondents to the dietary survey and provides the largest sample for analysis of blood, urine and physical measures. The file contains all schedule variables, blood and urine analytes and the main derived variables based on this set of variables. (There is a high degree of overlap between this file and DIARY.EXP). (B) DIARY.EXP Dictionary given in EXPORT2.OUT. The file has records only for those informants who kept the 7-day dietary record and is the main file for analysis of average daily nutrient intake and or linking nutrient intake and the physical measurements. The file includes schedule variables, blood and urine analytes, the main derived variables based on this set of variables and, in addition, the main variables summarising nutrient intake. (C) QUANT.EXP Dictionary given in EXPORT3.OUT. The file contains variables for quantities of food from the various food groups defined for the analysis. It does not contain demographic variables and should be used in conjunction with parts of DIARY.EXP. (D) GROUP1.EXP Details of file given in EXPORT4.OUT. The file contains variables for average daily intake of selected nutrients from each of 51 food groups. The file should be used in comjunction with DIARY.EXP. (E) GROUP2.EXP Details of file given in EXPORT5.OUT. Similar to GROUP1.EXP but for different nutrients. (F) GROUP3.EXP Details of file given in EXPORT6.OUT. Similar to GROUP1.EXP but for different nutrients. Content of SIR database The SIR database retains all of the information collected in the food diary at the level of individual food items. For each food consumed during the recording period the database gives the food code, the brand code, the weight consumed, the time of day when the food was consumed (in time bands), whether the food was eaten at home or not, the date and the day order within the 7-day recording period. The database is, therefore, the source of information on intakes of specific foods, intakes of brands of foods, and food intakes in particular time periods. In addition, the food codes and their associated weights can be converted to nutrient intakes and this allows for analysis within different time periods for different food groups to those used for the SPSS files. The SIR database is complex and is only likely to be of use to those already experienced in the use of SIR. In particular, the depositors recommend that users do not take the SIR database in order to reconstruct variables which already exist on the SPSS files, but only use it if they are interested in the more detailed analysis of food intakes which it allows.

This data package contains UK controlled drugs database, US food prices database, US nationwide food consumption survey, US national health and nutrition examination survey, US healthy eating index and data on food affordability for households led by females.

This dataset consists of 4,397 insect species associated with 679 native plant species, 120 archaeophytes, and 234 neophytes from the Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF). The DBIF details approximately 60,000 interactions between phytophagous insect (and mite) species and plants recorded in Great Britain over the last century, based on a wide variety of sources, including entomological journals and field guides. The data here represents a reduced subset of the full DBIF (13,277 interactions), only including interactions resolved to the species level (insect species x associated with host plant species y), records that have been expertly verified as reliable and included in previous large-scale analyses (Ward 1988; Ward & Spalding 1993; Ward et al. 1995; Ward et al. 2003), and records that are certain to have occurred in Great Britain. Any records originating from captive breeding studies are excluded. Finally, only plants with associated phylogenetic data and native status are included. Host plant distribution size is also included, in addition to a quantification of the distinctiveness of the insect communities found on a subset of the non-native plants. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/33a825f3-27cb-4b39-b59c-0f8182e8e2e4

It is important to monitor systemic fluoride (F) intake from foods, drinks and inadvertent toothpaste ingestion in order to minimise risk of dental fluorosis while maximising caries prevention. In collaboration with Newcastle University, we have developed and populated a “fluoride database” which includes the fluoride concentration (µg fluoride per 1g of the product) and content (µg fluoride per 100 g of the product) of a substantial number of food and drink products sold within the UK and Republic of Ireland, representing brands manufactured by leading companies in the European food market. The database is intended as a tool for public health professionals and policy-makers to facilitate monitoring of dietary fluoride intake, particularly in children.

This publication provides information on fluoride concentrations of the most commonly consumed food and drink items in the UK, compiled from the results of a range of research projects funded by The Borrow Foundation and Organix Foundation and Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera) Science Ltd. The background to the development of the database is described in our paper published in Caries Research (Zohoori & Maguire, 2016).

The wide range of fluoride content within food and drink groups, verified within this fluoride database clearly highlights the need for comprehensive fluoride labelling of food and drink products, particularly those used primarily by infants and very young children (Zohoori & Maguire, 2018).

United Kingdom UK: Production Index: 2004-2006: Food data was reported at 103.820 2004-2006=100 in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 109.560 2004-2006=100 for 2015. United Kingdom UK: Production Index: 2004-2006: Food data is updated yearly, averaging 100.545 2004-2006=100 from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2016, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 110.590 2004-2006=100 in 1992 and a record low of 71.590 2004-2006=100 in 1961. United Kingdom UK: Production Index: 2004-2006: Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Agricultural Production Index. Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.; Weighted average;

United Kingdom UK: Imports: % of Goods Imports: Food data was reported at 10.151 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.199 % for 2016. United Kingdom UK: Imports: % of Goods Imports: Food data is updated yearly, averaging 10.828 % from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.108 % in 1962 and a record low of 7.837 % in 2000. United Kingdom UK: Imports: % of Goods Imports: Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Food comprises the commodities in SITC sections 0 (food and live animals), 1 (beverages and tobacco), and 4 (animal and vegetable oils and fats) and SITC division 22 (oil seeds, oil nuts, and oil kernels).; ; World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.; Weighted average; Merchandise import shares may not sum to 100 percent because of unclassified trade.

United Kingdom UK: Exports: % of Goods Exports: Food data was reported at 6.868 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.103 % for 2016. United Kingdom UK: Exports: % of Goods Exports: Food data is updated yearly, averaging 6.714 % from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.128 % in 1992 and a record low of 4.649 % in 2006. United Kingdom UK: Exports: % of Goods Exports: Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Food comprises the commodities in SITC sections 0 (food and live animals), 1 (beverages and tobacco), and 4 (animal and vegetable oils and fats) and SITC division 22 (oil seeds, oil nuts, and oil kernels).; ; World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.; Weighted average; Merchandise export shares may not sum to 100 percent because of unclassified trade.

SUMMARYThe number of fast food outlets (as of 31/12/2017) per 1000 population. This statistic is reported at the ward level, except in locations where ward-level data was unavailable. In these instances, district-level data was used to fill in the data gaps.For a full description of the establishments included as ‘fast food outlets’, see: Fast food outlets: density by local authority in England - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk). Note: Public Health England states this is unlikely to be a definitive list of all fast food outlets, but it gives a good estimate.DATA SOURCESNumber of fast food outlets per ward or district: © Public Health England. Population data: Mid-2017 (June 30) Population Estimates for Wards in England and Wales. © Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. © Crown Copyright 2018.Administrative boundaries: Boundary-LineTM: Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.COPYRIGHT NOTICE© Public Health England; © Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. © Crown Copyright 2018.; Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Data edited for publishing by Ribble Rivers Trust.CaBA HEALTH & WELLBEING EVIDENCE BASEThis dataset forms part of the wider CaBA Health and Wellbeing Evidence Base.

Comprehensive database of FODMAP foods with UK supermarket availability, portion sizes, and clinical notes

This dataset contains chlorophyll, nutrients and dissolved oxygen measurements which were used in the 3rd application of the OSPAR Common Procedure for Assessment of Eutrophication and UK Marine Strategy Framework Directive Assessments for descriptor 5. Data for nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and all supporting metadata for coastal and offshore (marine) waters were extracted from the following databases for the period from 1990 to 2014: MERMAN (BODC)1. Discrete samples for chlorophyll (by fluorometry), dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, and nutrients (including nitrate, nitrite, total oxidised nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate and silicate), from 1999 to 2014. MERMAN data did not include water column depth so this was extracted from GEBCO bathymetry (ref). NODB (BODC)2. Discrete bottle samples and calibrated profile data for where bottles were fired. Chlorophyll (obtained from a variety of methods, where only relevant ones were used and maximum chlorophyll value taken where more than one method was used simultaneously), oxygen, salinity and temperature, nutrients (including nitrite, total oxidised nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate and silicate), from 1990 to 2014. Sapphire (Cefas). Discrete samples of chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, and nutrients (including nitrate, nitrite, total oxidised nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate and silicate), from 1990 to 2012. Sapphire data did not always include water column depth so this was extracted from GEBCO bathymetry where missing. Some degree of overlapping between the MERMAN and the Sapphire dataset is possible, but was investigated and believed to be minimal. Smartbuoy (Cefas). Weekly averages of calibrated continuous data from smartbuoys and landers for chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, and nutrients (including nitrite, total oxidised nitrogen, and silicate), from 2000 to 2014. Scottish monitoring stations (Marine Scotland Science). Weekly samples from four coastal monitoring stations for chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, and nutrients (including nitrate, nitrite, total oxidised nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate and silicate), from 1997 to 2013. All datasets were averaged by station, datetime and sample depth to average replicate samples, and then combined into a UK dataset. To incorporate data collected in UK waters by other countries, and data that was submitted directly to ICES and not via BODC, we also incorporated data from the ICES OCEAN database3. This included bottle data and profiles aggregated to standard depths, for chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, and nutrients (including nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate and silicate) from 1990 to 2014. Total oxidised nitrogen was calculated by summing nitrate and nitrite. Water column depth was normally included, but where it was not it was obtained from GEBCO bathymetry. There were some duplicates between the UK dataset and the ICES dataset. In order to remove these, they were matched based on spatial and temporal location, by rounding latitude and longitude to 2 decimal places, sample depth to the nearest 5 m and datetime to the nearest minute. This was used to create a spatiotemporal ID and each dataset was averaged based on this ID. Samples were removed from the ICES dataset where they were also present in the UK dataset, and then the two datasets were combined to produce a final dataset for the assessment. Data filtering: Marine data were assigned to coastal or offshore waters based on salinity. Coastal data had salinity between 30 and 34.5, and offshore data had salinity greater than or equal to 34.5, with the exception of the Irish Sea where the boundary was at 34 psu (Foden et al., 2011). Data was then filtered by season for nutrients (winter, 1st November to 28th February), chlorophyll (growing season, 1 March to 31 October) and dissolved oxygen (stratified season, 1 July to 31 October). Dissolved oxygen data was filtered by depth to include only the deepest sample within 10 m of the seabed, where water column depth was less than 500 m. Mean winter values were assigned to the year relevant to the phytoplankton growing season. For example, nutrient data for November and December of 2009 and January and February of 2010 were reported as 2010 winter nutrients. For nutrients and chlorophyll, data were averaged over the whole water column for each cruise station and day, with the exception of MERMAN data where datetime was used instead of day as there were multiple records in different locations (along transects) for the same station and day. This dataset is intended to provide a record of the exact data used in the UK comprehensive eutrophication assessment, for use only in eutrophication assessments. The data included is not the most up to date version, and some of the data included in this dataset are available elsewhere. To use data for any other purposes please visit the original providers for the most up to date data. MERMAN - These data are a snapshot of the data held within MERMAN obtained in November 2015. The data were supplied by the British Oceanographic Data Centre on behalf of the Clean Safe Seas Evidence Group. Data were collected by the Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Food Standards Scotland, Marine Scotland Science, Natural Resource Wales and Scottish Environment Protection Agency. The data were funded by Agri-Food Biosciences institute, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Scottish Government. These data contain public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. https://www.bodc.ac.uk/projects/data_management/uk/merman/assessments_and_data_access/ British Oceanographic Database (BODB), provided by Polly Hadziabdic in March 2016. https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/bodc_database/nodb/ ICES Oceanography Database (OCEAN), Extraction November 2015 by Else Juul Green. https://ocean.ices.dk/HydChem/HydChem.aspx

United Kingdom UK: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data was reported at 2.500 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.600 % for 2021. United Kingdom UK: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data is updated yearly, averaging 1.650 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2022, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.500 % in 2022 and a record low of 0.700 % in 2019. United Kingdom UK: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as severely food insecure. A household is classified as severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to several of the most severe experiences described in the FIES questions, such as to have been forced to reduce the quantity of the food, to have skipped meals, having gone hungry, or having to go for a whole day without eating because of a lack of money or other resources.;Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO);;

The commons database has been developed over a ten-year period up until 2000. The database was originally designed as rudimentary day-to-day working tool for storing data generated from the analysis of commons registers and from the biological survey of commons.

Please use the files or the database in conjunction with the associated handbook found in the additional links.