In the build up to the Second World War, the United States was the major power with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the world. In 1938, the United States also had the highest overall GDP in the world, and by a significant margin, however differences in GDP per person were much smaller. Switzerland In terms of countries that played a notable economic role in the war, the neutral country of Switzerland had the highest GDP per capita in the world. A large part of this was due to the strength of Switzerland's financial system. Most major currencies abandoned the gold standard early in the Great Depression, however the Swiss Franc remained tied to it until late 1936. This meant that it was the most stable, freely convertible currency available as the world recovered from the Depression, and other major powers of the time sold large amounts of gold to Swiss banks in order to trade internationally. Switzerland was eventually surrounded on all sides by Axis territories and lived under the constant threat of invasion in the war's early years, however Swiss strategic military planning and economic leverage made an invasion potentially more expensive than it was worth. Switzerland maintained its neutrality throughout the war, trading with both sides, although its financial involvement in the Holocaust remains a point of controversy. Why look at GDP per capita? While overall GDP is a stronger indicator of a state's ability to fund its war effort, GDP per capita is more useful in giving context to a country's economic power in relation to its size and providing an insight into living standards and wealth distribution across societies. For example, Germany and the USSR had fairly similar GDPs in 1938, whereas Germany's per capita GDP was more than double that of the Soviet Union. Germany was much more industrialized and technologically advanced than the USSR, and its citizens generally had a greater quality of life. However these factors did not guarantee victory - the fact that the Soviet Union could better withstand the war of attrition and call upon its larger population to replenish its forces greatly contributed to its eventual victory over Germany in 1945.

Since 1980, Europe's largest economies have consistently been France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, although the former Soviet Union's economy was the largest in the 1980s, and Russia's economy has been larger than Spain's since 2010. Since Soviet dissolution, Germany has always had the largest economy in Europe, while either France or the UK has had the second largest economy depending on the year. Italy's economy was of a relatively similar size to that of the UK and France until the mid 2000s when it started to diverge, resulting in a difference of approximately 800 billion U.S dollars by 2018. Russia's economy had overtaken both Italy and Spain's in 2012, but has fallen since 2014 due to the drop in international oil prices and the economic sanctions imposed for its annexation of Crimea - economic growth is expected to be comparatively low in Russia in the coming years due to the economic fallout of its invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

Germany’s GDP per capita stood at almost 53,565.04 U.S. dollars in 2023. Germany ranked among the top 20 countries worldwide with the highest GDP per capita in 2021 – Luxembourg, Ireland and Switzerland were ranked the top three nations. Rising annual income in Germany The average annual wage in Germany has increased by around 5,000 euros since 2000, reaching in excess of 39,000 euros in 2016. Germany had the tenth-highest average annual wage among selected European Union countries in 2017, ranking between France and the United Kingdom. Growing employment More than two thirds of the working population in Germany are employed in the service sector, which generated the greatest share of the country’s GDP in 2018. Unemployment in Germany soared to its highest level in decades in 2005, but the rate has since dropped to below 3.5 percent. The youth unemployment rate in Germany has more than halved since 2005 and currently stands around 6.5 percent.

At the turn of the 20th century, industrialization in Western Europe and North America saw new countries emerge (or return) as major economic powers. Germany (established in 1871) and the United States were the two countries that began to challenge the established powers such as Britain and the Netherlands on an industrial scale, while France's invigorated banking system compensated for its slow rate of industrialization. This period also saw Scandinavian countries catch up with modernization rates observed in other Western European countries; the wealth of natural resources, increased industrial output, and strong shipping networks combined to allow GDP per capita to grow at rates similar to the United States and France and Germany.

Between 1970 and 1913, GDP per capita in the three emerging regions roughly doubled, outpacing growth in countries considered economic and industrial "leaders" for most of the 1800s. While Britain had been the leading global superpower for most of the 19th century and still maintained healthy economic growth in the given period, the rise of Germany and the U.S. at this time would (and, later, the Soviet Union) go on to shape global economic development over the subsequent decades.

This dataset provides values for GDP PER CAPITA PPP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The gross domestic product of the United Kingdom was around 2.56 trillion British pounds, an increase when compared to the previous year, when UK GDP amounted to about 2.54 trillion pounds. The significant drop in GDP visible in 2020 was due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the smaller declines in 2008 and 2009 because of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s. Low growth problem in the UK Despite growing by 0.9 percent in 2024, and 0.4 percent in 2023 the UK economy is not that much larger than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic. Since recovering from a huge fall in GDP in the second quarter of 2020, the UK economy has alternated between periods of contraction and low growth, with the UK even in a recession at the end of 2023. While economic growth picked up somewhat in 2024, GDP per capita is lower than it was in 2022, following two years of negative growth. How big is the UK economy in relation to the rest of the world? As of 2024, the UK had the sixth-largest economy in the world, behind the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India. Among European nations, this meant that the UK currently has the second-largest economy in Europe, although the economy of France, Europe's third-largest economy, is of a similar size. The UK's global economic ranking will likely fall in the coming years, however, with the UK's share of global GDP expected to fall from 2.16 percent in 2025 to 2.02 percent by 2029.  

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and four are in Asia, alongside the U.S., Canada, and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

Bermuda BM: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 130,290.000 USD in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 132,240.000 USD for 2022. Bermuda BM: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 108,350.000 USD from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2023, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 132,240.000 USD in 2022 and a record low of 101,910.000 USD in 2012. Bermuda BM: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bermuda – Table BM.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

Egypt EG: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 3,010.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,410.000 USD for 2016. Egypt EG: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 770.000 USD from Jun 1967 (Median) to 2017, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,410.000 USD in 2016 and a record low of 170.000 USD in 1967. Egypt EG: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

In 2022, London had a gross domestic product of over 508 billion British pounds, by far the most of any region of the United Kingdom. The region of South East England which surrounds London had the second-highest GDP in this year, at over 341 billion pounds. North West England, which includes the major cities of Manchester and Liverpool, had the third-largest GDP among UK regions, at approximately 223.5 billion pounds. Levelling Up the UK London’s economic dominance of the UK can clearly be seen when compared to the other regions of the country. In terms of GDP per capita, the gap between London and the rest of the country is striking, standing at 57,338 pounds per person in the UK capital, compared with just over 33,593 pounds in the rest of the country. To address the economic imbalance, successive UK governments have tried to implement "levelling-up policies", which aim to boost investment and productivity in neglected areas of the country. The success of these programs going forward may depend on their scale, as it will likely take high levels of investment to reverse economic neglect regions have faced in the recent past. Overall UK GDP The gross domestic product for the whole of the United Kingdom amounted to 2.56 trillion British pounds in 2024. During this year, GDP grew by 0.9 percent, following a growth rate of 0.4 percent in 2023. Due to the overall population of the UK growing faster than the economy, however, GDP per capita in the UK fell in both 2023 and 2024. Nevertheless, the UK remains one of the world’s biggest economies, with just five countries (the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India) having larger economies. It is it likely that several other countries will overtake the UK economy in the coming years, with Indonesia, Brazil, Russia, and Mexico all expected to have larger economies than Britain by 2050.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Canada CA: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 54,040.000 USD in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 53,300.000 USD for 2022. Canada CA: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 20,870.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2023, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54,040.000 USD in 2023 and a record low of 2,380.000 USD in 1962. Canada CA: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

Spain ES: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 27,180.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 27,580.000 USD for 2016. Spain ES: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 11,465.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32,770.000 USD in 2009 and a record low of 500.000 USD in 1962. Spain ES: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

The starting point of Tilly’s investigation is Hoffmann’s interpretation of the relationship between finance and economic growth (see: W.G. Hoffmann and others, 1965: The growth of the German economy since the mid-19th century, Berlin et al.). Tilly thinks that Hoffman’s interpretation of the relationship is problematical.In the center of Tilly’s analysis is the capital market, i.e. the stock exchange; the credit banks remained in the field of view, because they were in the period from 1880 to 1913 the most important players of the capital market: as an agent in the context of the security flotations and as creditors in the context of exchange businesses of all kinds.To bring out the significance of the capital market for Germany’s economic development more clearly, Tilly verifies not only the development of the market with collected data and information on the development of the German economy, but he also compares two national economies with the aim to stress the influence of a given institutional structure at the historical observed economic growth. Tilly compares Germany and Great Britain. On the German part the influence of the large banks is in the center of the attention, because a close relationship between the development of large German banks and the development of heavy industry is suspected. Compard with Germany Great Britain has exported a large proportion of its savings into other countries. Against this background, Tilly wants to analyze whether significant differences between the British and the German capital market for the support of industrial growth can be identified (see Tilly, R. (1984): S. 264ff).

Data tables in the search- and downloadsystem HISTAT (Topic: Mony and Currency, Finance Sector (= Geld und Währung, Finanzsektor) ): A.01 Wertpapieremissionen Großbritannien und Deutschland, in Millionen Pfund und Mark (1882-1913)A.02 Nettoinvestitionen und industrielle Wertpapieremissionen in Großbritannien und Deutschland, Jahresdurchschnitte (1882-1913)A.03 Struktur der industriellen Neuemissionen Großbritanniens, in Tausend Pfund (1882-1912)A.04 Neuemissionen inländischer Industrie- und ausländische Wertpapiere in Deutschland, in Millionen Mark (1883-1913)A.05 Aktienrendite, Kapitalmarktzins und Anteil der Aktienemissionen an den Gesamtemissionen industrieller Wertpapiere in Deutschland und Großbritannien, in Prozent (1886-1912) HISTAT is offered only in German language.

GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

The Europe Commercial Aircraft In-Flight Entertainment System Market is segmented by Aircraft Type (Narrowbody, Widebody) and by Country (France, Germany, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom). Key Data Points observed include air passenger traffic, aircraft deliveries, GDP Per Capita (Current Prices), aircraft backlog, gross commercial aircraft orders, expenditure on airport construction projects, and expenditure of airlines on fuel.

The Europe Commercial Aircraft Cabin Lighting Market is segmented by Aircraft Type (Narrowbody, Widebody) and by Country (France, Germany, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom). Key Data Points observed include air passenger traffic, aircraft deliveries, GDP Per Capita (Current Prices), aircraft backlog, gross commercial aircraft orders, expenditure on airport construction projects, and expenditure of airlines on fuel.

The GDP per capita overall increased in all seven G7 countries since 2000 except Italy. There, it fluctuated over the period, being only slightly higher in 2024 than in 2000. The United States had the highest GDP per capita of the countries at over 76,000 dollars in terms of purchasing-power-parity (PPP). Germany had the second highest GDP per capita.

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Residential Real Estate Market Size 2024-2028

The residential real estate market size is forecast to increase by USD 482.1 billion at a CAGR of 4.6% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing demand from a growing population and urbanization trends. This demand is further fueled by marketing initiatives from real estate developers and agents, who are leveraging digital platforms and creative campaigns to attract buyers. However, regulatory uncertainty poses a challenge to market growth, with varying regulations and policies in different regions impacting investment decisions. For companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities, it is essential to stay informed of regulatory changes and adapt strategies accordingly. Additionally, collaboration with local experts and partnerships with regulatory bodies can help navigate complex regulatory landscapes and ensure compliance. Overall, the market presents significant opportunities for growth, but requires a strategic approach to address regulatory challenges and effectively target demand. Companies that can navigate these challenges and adapt to local market conditions will be well-positioned to succeed in this dynamic market.

What will be the Size of the Residential Real Estate Market during the forecast period?

Request Free SampleThe market continues to exhibit activity, driven by strong economic fundamentals and population growth. In nominal terms, the market size reached an all-time high in the latest fiscal year, with discerning buyers demonstrating continued interest in spacious accommodations. However, macroeconomic headwinds, such as rising interest rates and inflation, pose challenges for some potential homebuyers. Economic factors, including GDP per capita and purchasing power, remain essential support for the housing market. Despite these conditions, property launches in the luxury residential sector have shown resilience, catering to the demand for high-end living spaces. Residential construction remains a critical component of the market, with new housing units being added to meet the growing demand for homes. Overall, the market is expected to remain a significant contributor to the economy, offering opportunities for both investors and homebuyers.

How is this Residential Real Estate Industry segmented?

The residential real estate industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. Mode Of BookingSalesRental/LeaseTypeApartments and condominiumsLanded houses and villasGeographyAPACChinaJapanNorth AmericaUSEuropeGermanyUKSouth AmericaMiddle East and Africa

By Mode Of Booking Insights

The sales segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

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The Sales segment was valued at USD 896.60 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 54% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technavio’s analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The market in the Asia Pacific (APAC) region held the largest market share in 2023 and is anticipated to continue leading the market growth during the forecast period. Key drivers of this expansion include population growth and increasing purchasing power, leading to a in demand for spacious accommodations. Rapid urbanization and economic fundamentals, such as GDP per capita, have fueled the construction of new housing units, particularly in countries like India and China. Furthermore, domestic demand and foreign homebuyers have contributed to the unsold inventory overhang, creating investment opportunities in underconstruction properties. Despite these positive indicators, challenges persist, including affordability concerns and critical input costs. In the context of the US housing market, the residential real estate sector offers investment opportunities through traditional options, such as home ownership and rental cash flow, as well as low-risk methods, like investment portfolios. Key economic factors, such as interest rates and supply metrics, impact residential property prices, which may vary in real and nominal terms. The market is also influenced by changing consumer preferences, regulatory reforms, and technological transformation, including home automation and cutting-edge strategies.

Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data with 2023 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges. A holi

The statistic shows the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the United States from 1987 to 2023, with projections up until 2029. In 2023, the gross domestic product per capita in the United States amounted to around 81,632.25 U.S. dollars. Thus, the United States is one of the countries with the largest GDP per capita worldwide. See the U.S. GDP growth rate here and the US GDP for further information. For comparison, per capita GDP in China had reached about 5,553 U.S. dollars in 2011.

Gross domestic product of the United States

The gross domestic product (GDP) of a country is an economic key figure, as it represents the market value of goods and services produced in a country within one year. The United States’ GDP) is increasing consistently, and it is expected to continue growing. On a global scale, the U.S. share of GDP adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity has been in the range of 20 percent over the last few years, give or take a few percentage points. The United States has the largest GDP worldwide, with a significant lead over China, Japan and Germany. Gross domestic product per capita is annual GDP divided by the average population from the same year, which allows for a GDP calculation per inhabitant of a country. Thus, a country with a high GDP, like the United States, can still have a low GDP per capita. Consequently, if compared to other countries, the United States does not rank among the top ten on this list .