In 2024, the difference between average hourly earnings for men and women in the United Kingdom for all workers was 13.1 percent, compared with seven percent for full-time workers, and -3 percent for part-time workers. During the provided time period, the gender pay gap was at its highest in 1997, when it was 27.5 percent for all workers. Compared with 1997, the gender pay gap has fallen by 13.2 percent for all workers, and 9.7 percent for full-time workers. Gender pay gap higher in older age groups Although the gender pay gap among younger age groups was relatively small in 2024, the double-digit pay gap evident in older age groups served to keep the overall gap high. The gender pay gap for workers aged between 18 and 21 for example was -0.5 percent, compared with 12.1percent for people in their 50s. Additionally, the gender pay gap for people aged over 60 has changed little since 1997, falling by just 1.2 percent between 1997 and 2023, compared with a 14.9 percent reduction among workers in their 40s. Positions of power As of 2024, women are unfortunately still relatively underrepresented in leadership positions at Britain’s top businesses. Among FTSE 100 companies, for example, just 9.4 percent of CEOs were female, falling to just 6.1 percent for FTSE 250 companies. Representation was better when it came to FTSE 100 boardrooms, with 44.7 percent of positions at this level being filled by women, compared with 42.6 percent at FTSE 250 companies. In the corridors of political power, the proportion of female MPs was estimated to have reached its highest ever level after the 2024 election at 41 percent, compared with just three percent in 1979.

Annual gender pay gap estimates for UK employees by age, occupation, industry, full-time and part-time, region and other geographies, and public and private sector. Compiled from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings.

The Gender Inequality Index (GII) of the United Kingdom has fallen from ***** in 1990 to ***** by 2023, indicating that gender inequality has improved in the UK in that period.

In 2024, the gender pay gap for all workers in the United Kingdom was highest in the financial and insurance sector, at **** percent, and lowest in accommodation and food services, where it was *** percent.

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results?t=1&search=&orderBy=relevance" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

During a 2024 survey carried out among marketers from the United Kingdom, it was found that women earned nearly ** percent less than men. The gap widened in the most recent year by *** percentage points.

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap data annually. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Employer/4uqEb2xp?_ga=2.27658492.1946053525.1607939901-1839648518.1580292073&_gac=1.55401689.1605710171.CPbR38KojO0CFUG4GwodxGkOQQ" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

The gender pay gap is the difference in the average hourly wage of all men and women across a workforce. If women do more of the less well paid jobs within an organisation than men, the gender pay gap is usually bigger.

Introduction

Employment Discrimination Statistics: Working conditions remain one of the major issues worldwide where individuals are discriminated against because of their race, gender, age, disability, and religion, among other factors. In the year twenty-four, numerous publications and research studies have shown that gender discrimination in England has had a significant impact on the productivity of employees and the mental growth of the company and its employees.

Employment discrimination remains a critical challenge in England, with gender bias significantly affecting both organizational productivity and employee well-being. In 2024, 12 % of UK adults reported experiencing gender-based discrimination at work, rising to 27 % among non-binary individuals. Women earned a median of £672 per week compared to £773 for men—an hourly pay gap of 7.0 % for full-time employees and 13.1 % overall in April 2024 . Mental health also suffered: 52 % of young women (ages 16–30) reported mental health problems linked to sexism or harassment at work, and 42 % of young men reported similar issues.

Across the UK workforce, 15 % of employees had an existing mental health condition, while work-related stress led to 17.1 million lost working days in 2022–23. Financially, poor mental wellbeing costs employers an estimated £42 billion–£45 billion annually—approximately USD 52 billion–USD 56 billion at current exchange rates.

Employment discrimination statistics indicate that some improvement is noted, but there are still many areas that require considerable changes to facilitate equality among the employees.

Since 2018, UK firms with at least 250 employees have been mandated to publicly disclose gender equality indicators. Exploiting variations in this mandate across firm size and time, we show that pay transparency closes 19 percent of the gender pay gap by reducing men’s wage growth. By combining different sources of data, we also provide suggestive evidence that the public availability of the equality indicators influences employers’ response as worse performing firms and employers potentially more exposed to public scrutiny seem to reduce their gender pay gap the most.

This statistic shows the median pay gap between women and men of selected retailers in the United Kingdom (UK) as of the 2024/25 financial year. Of the companies included, Kingfisher plc had the highest median gender pay gap, at **** percent.

According to the 2021 Census, there were 30.4 million (51.0%) women and girls and 29.2 million (49.0%) men and boys in England and Wales.

A paper outlining how the gender pay gap will be presented in future ONS Statistical Bulletins

Source agency: Office for National Statistics

Designation: National Statistics

Language: English

Alternative title: Presentation of the Gender Pay Gap: ONS Position Paper

This dataset contains files and information needed to replicate the findings of the article: "Electoral Systems and Gender Inequality in Political News: Analyzing the News Visibility of Members of Parliament in Norway and the UK."

Annual Survey for Hours and Earnings data to support the 'Understanding the gender pay gap' article.

Ethnicity pay gap estimates for 2018 across different ethnicity breakdowns using the Annual Population Survey.

Gender Pay Gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap each year. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results?t=1&search=&orderBy=relevance" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

During a 2025 survey carried out among more than ***** marketers from the United Kingdom, it was found that on the manager/team manager level women earned ***** percent less than men. On the director/vice-president level, they earned **** percent less than men.