The average annual domestic electricity bill in the United Kingdom saw an overall increase from 2014 to 2024 and boomed in 2023. In this period, households with an annual consumption of ***** kilowatt-hours saw bills rise from *** to ***** British pounds, including value-added tax. The household expenditure on electricity in the UK amounted to approximately **** billion current British pounds in 2023. Direct debit payments consistently cheaper In the period under consideration, the annual bill for an electricity consumption of ***** kilowatt-hours was consistently more expensive for consumers using standard credit as a method of payment, averaging ***** real British pounds in 2024. From 2016 onwards, consumers using the prepayment method paid less than standard credit consumers and, in 2022, their bill was the least expensive, at *** real British pounds. Electricity prices on the rise Household electricity prices in the UK have doubled in the past decade for both consumer groups. Despite the UK government setting a tariff cap to protect consumers, the UK’s power market was greatly impacted by the global energy crisis. In August 2022, electricity prices in Great Britain peaked at *** British pounds per megawatt-hour, over four times the price compared to August the following year.

Household electricity prices in the United Kingdom averaged 22.03 euro cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) in the first half of 2020. Over the past decade, household electricity prices have seen an overall increase, peaking at 22.10 euro cents per kWh in the second half of 2019. On average, the UK pays some of the highest electricity prices in Europe. Annual electricity billsIn 2019, the average annual domestic electricity bill for those with an electricity consumption of up to 3,800 kWh was 608 British pounds. In comparison, those with a consumption of 6,000 kWh paid 837 British pounds. Payment methods also affect electricity bills, with consumers who used prepayment paying the least. In 1970, the overall expenditure on electricity by all end users in the UK amounted to 1.5 billion British pounds. This increased significantly in the following decades and amounted to nearly 38 billion pounds by 2018.

In April 2025, 92 percent of households in Great Britain that reported a cost of living increase in the previous month advised that that their food bills had increased, with 80 percent reporting increased gas or electricity bills.

Households in Great Britain will have their energy bills capped at ***** British pounds per year from October 2022 onwards, due to the measures introduced by the UK government in September of 2022. This will result in savings of around ***** for the average household, compared with the previous price cap, which was set to increase to ***** per year.

Household gross saving rate in the United Kingdom spiked during the second quarter of 2020, reaching 25.9 percent, nearly three times as high as in the first quarter of the year. This unprecedented increase is due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak and the resulting widespread lockdown and temporary business closures. a similar increase can be seen during the second generalized lockdown implemented during the first quarter of 2021.

European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data was reported at 0.216 EUR/kWh in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.215 EUR/kWh for Jun 2024. European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.235 EUR/kWh from Dec 2022 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.253 EUR/kWh in Dec 2022 and a record low of 0.215 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P002: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers.

Household Saving Rate in the United Kingdom decreased to 10.90 percent in the first quarter of 2025 from 12 percent in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Households Saving Ratio - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

People's experiences of changes in their cost of living and household finances in Great Britain; indicators from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN).

Key information about United Kingdom Household Debt

• United Kingdom Household Debt reached 3,076.4 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with the reported number of 2,873.8 USD bn in the previous quarter
• UK Household Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1987 to Sep 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,298.5 USD bn in Jun 2008 and a record low of 406.9 USD bn in Mar 1987

• In the latest reports, United Kingdom Household Debt accounted for 81.5 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024
• Money Supply M2 in United Kingdom increased 3,931.4 USD bn YoY in Oct 2024
• United Kingdom Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 115.5 USD bn in Nov 2024
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 1.4 Months of Import in Oct 2024
• United Kingdom Domestic Credit reached 5,119.2 USD bn in Aug 2024, representing an drop of 0.9 % YoY

The average annual household water bill in England and Wales was *** British pounds for the year ended March 2023. Annual household water bills across England and Wales vary greatly depending on the provider. In the year ending March 2023, Essex and Suffolk Water customers had the highest average water bill, at *** British pounds. Customers of Portsmouth Water had the lowest average annual water bill in financial year 2023, at *** British pounds.

In the 3rd quarter of 2024, the debt of households in the United Kingdom amounted to 120 percent of their income. This indicator shows the average level of indebtedness of the the general population and their ability to repay their debts. The total value of household debt (total liabilities and loans to households) has increased annually since 2000. Debt to income ratio increased during the pandemic As we have seen here, households have been decreasing their indebtedness levels in the past years. However, the volume of new consumer lending actually soared between 2022 and 2024. Meanwhile, the growth rate of mortgages in the UK has remained lower these past years, but it has also shown an increase on amount of lending.

Indebtedness in Europe The household debt of many countries in Europe as a share of their disposable income in 2024 was over 100 percent. That was mostly the case for Northern and Western European countries, such as Norway, the Netherlands, and Denmark. Germany and Austria were some of the largest exceptions, as they were among the few countries in that part of Europe with households' debt representing less than 80 percent of hteir income.

Tackling London’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a huge challenge. The impact of these emissions goes far beyond the city’s boundaries. From the electronics we buy and the food we eat to the clothes we wear, most are produced and transported globally. The Mayor, together with London Councils and ReLondon, has jointly commissioned Leeds University to develop a historic trend of consumption-based emissions for London. It uses the latest available data (running from 2001-2021) on average expenditure on different types of goods and services. This methodology aligns with equivalent national government datasets at the UK level. Findings London’s consumption-based emissions in 2021 were around 80 MtCO 2 e. They’ve fallen by 24 per cent since 2001, despite the city’s population increasing by 1.4 million over that time. This means emissions per head have reduced by 35 per cent (from 13.9 to 8.98 tCO 2 e per person). The biggest drop in consumption-based emissions was between 2008 and 2009 during the global financial crisis, when households’ average spending decreased. Post 2009, emissions stabilised then steadily reduced from 2014 to 2020, bar a small increase from 2017-2018. This period of emissions reduction has been mainly driven by decarbonisation of the UK electricity sector. The national context London’s per capita consumption-based footprint is slightly lower than the UK average. It also follows a similar trend in reduction over the same period. However, at a sector level there are some cases where the per capita emissions for Londoners are different, for example: * Transport – London’s use of transport is unlike any other region in the UK. Private transport emissions are much lower than any other region, and public transport emissions are the highest in the country. As a result, London has the lowest per capita transport emissions of any region and is lower than the UK average. However, London also has one of the highest per capita aviation emissions. Transport emissions were still unusually low in 2021 due to the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. * Housing, water, electricity, gas, other fuels – Compared to other regions in the UK, Londoners spend less on heating and power. This is a function of increased household occupancy rather than lower energy bills and more efficient homes. * Food and drink – Compared to other regions in the UK, Londoners spend less on meat, which contributes to a lower food footprint per capita. The international context The Mayor wants to recognise the full environmental impact of London’s consumption by publishing this data. We hope this will encourage more cities to publish their consumption-based emissions data so we can identify similarities and work together to bring these emissions down.

Between 2006 and 2025, year-on-year change consumer loans in the United Kingdom (UK) fluctuated more than mortgage lending. After a very sharp fall in mid to late 2020 and early 2021, the value of consumer credit began to increase again, reaching a positive annual growth rate of *** percent in April 2025. Meanwhile, the year-on-year change of mortgages kept growing in 2024 from **** percent in January 2024 to *** percent in April 2025.

In April 2025, 60 percent of households in Great Britain said that they had started to spend less on non-essentials in response to their cost of living increasing.

UK Washing Machine Market size was valued at USD 1.52 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 1.80 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 2.20% from 2026 to 2032. Key Market Drivers:Demand for Convenience: The increasing need for convenience in everyday household tasks is driving the demand for washing machines. This trend is expected to fuel market growth as more consumers seek appliances that offer time-saving and efficient solutions. According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), approximately 96% of UK households owned a washing machine in 2021, demonstrating the essential nature of these appliances.Energy Efficiency Regulations and Consumer Awareness: Stricter energy efficiency regulations and growing consumer awareness about sustainability have accelerated the replacement cycle of washing machines, as consumers opt for newer, more energy-efficient models to reduce their environmental footprint and utility costs. The UK Energy Saving Trust reported that energy-efficient washing machines use approximately 45% less energy than models manufactured before 2020, saving households up to £65 annually on energy bills.

Smart TVs – televisions that can run apps and access the internet – can be found in an increasingly large number of households in the United Kingdom (UK). In 2014 just ** percent of households in the UK owned a Smart TV, whereas, in 2024, approximately ** percent of households reported owning a Smart TV. Smart TVs as connected devicesUnlike conventional television sets, Smart TVs can do much more than just receive broadcast signals and display recorded media from a connected device. An increasing number of UK residents use Smart TVs to go online, with as much as ** percent of total time online being spent on Smart TVs. Smart and Ultra HD TVs dominate total shipments   The penetration rate of Smart TVs have cracked the ** percent mark, and it would be reasonable to expect that it will grow considerably based on the TV shipment figures. In the fourth quarter of 2018, **** percent of all televisions shipped in Western Europe were Smart TVs, and ** percent were Ultra High Definition sets. 

After two years of decline, the UK household sewing machine market increased by 13% to $24M in 2024. Over the period under review, consumption, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. Household sewing machine consumption peaked at $45M in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2024, consumption failed to regain momentum.