Housing market: property sales based on Land Registry data, by district, from 1996 (quarterly) 1-5 Geographies: Local Authority District (LAD), Government Office Region (GOR), National Geographic coverage: England Type of data: Administrative data

Price Paid Data tracks the residential property sales in England and Wales that are lodged with HM Land Registry for registration.

Our price paid data tracks the residential property sales in England and Wales that are lodged with us for registration. The dataset is a reliable source of house price information and consists of more than 24 million definitive records dating back to January 1995. For more information on this dataset and what it does and doesn't include, visit https://www.gov.uk/about-the-price-paid-data

Choose from three options to select the data that best meets your requirements:

• monthly file: contains a single monthly file of the transactions received in the period from the first to the last day of the corresponding month, including any changes or deletions to previously downloaded data. The data is updated monthly and the average size of this file is 11 MB.

• single file: contains all the up to date data from 1995 to the current date. The data is updated monthly and the average size of this file is 2.86 GB.

• yearly files: contains annual files of up to date data, ranging from 1995 to the current date. Unlike the monthly files described above, yearly files are collated on the date of the transaction/deed date rather than the date that the information was lodged with HM Land Registry. The data is updated monthly and the sizes of these files range from 87 MB to 222 MB. If you are having trouble downloading any of the year files in full, they are also available as two smaller, evenly split CSV files.

We try to make sure that our public data is accurate, but cannot guarantee that it is free from errors or fit for your purpose or use. Reports are based on data collected at the time a property transaction is registered with us and will not necessarily be up to date with the most recent information. For more information, read https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/price-paid-data-downloads#when-using-or-publishing-our-price-paid-data

These National Statistics provide monthly estimates of the number of residential and non-residential property transactions in the UK and its constituent countries. National Statistics are accredited official statistics.

England and Northern Ireland statistics are based on information submitted to the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) database by taxpayers on SDLT returns.

Land and Buildings Transaction Tax (LBTT) replaced SDLT in Scotland from 1 April 2015 and this data is provided to HMRC by https://www.revenue.scot/">Revenue Scotland to continue the time series.

Land Transaction Tax (LTT) replaced SDLT in Wales from 1 April 2018. To continue the time series, the https://gov.wales/welsh-revenue-authority">Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA) have provided HMRC with a monthly data feed of LTT transactions since July 2021.

LTT figures for the latest month are estimated using a grossing factor based on data for the most recent and complete financial year. Until June 2021, LTT transactions for the latest month were estimated by HMRC based upon year on year growth in line with other UK nations.

LTT transactions up to the penultimate month are aligned with LTT statistics.

Go to Stamp Duty Land Tax guidance for the latest rates and information.

Go to Stamp Duty Land Tax rates from 1 December 2003 to 22 September 2022 and Stamp Duty: rates on land transfers before December 2003 for historic rates.

The latest release was published 09:30 28 November 2025 and was updated with provisional data from completed transactions during October 2025.

The next release will be published 09:30 09 January 2026 and will be updated with provisional data from completed transactions during November 2025.

https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20240320184933/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/monthly-property-transactions-completed-in-the-uk-with-value-40000-or-above">Archive versions of the Monthly property transactions completed in the UK with value of £40,000 or above are available via the UK Government Web Archive, from the National Archives.

Last updated on 22 Feb 2025

Introduction

This dataset provides comprehensive information on property sales in England and Wales, sourced from the UK government's HM Land Registry. Although the government site claims to update on the same day each month, actual updates can vary. To bridge this update variation gap, our fully automated ETL pipeline retrieves the official government data on a daily basis. This ensures that the dataset always reflects the most current transaction data available.

ETL Process

Our ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) process is designed to automate the data update and publishing workflow: 1. Extract:
The pipeline uses web scraping to retrieve the latest data from the official government website. This step is necessary as the site does not offer an API. 2. Transform:
Before loading the data, the ETL pipeline processes the dataset to ensure consistency and usability. As part of the transformation stage, the first column (Transaction_unique_identifier) is removed. This column is dropped during staging to focus on the most relevant transactional information. The column removal successfully reduces the data file size from almost 6GB to 3.1GB, and therefore will greatly increase the data analysis efficiency, and reduces the chance of kernal error/restart. 3. Load:
Finally, the transformed data is loaded into the dataset.

The transformed data is loaded into the dataset in two parts: - Complete Data (pp-complete.csv): This file encompasses all records from January 1995 to the present. The complete data file is replaced during each update to reflect any corrections or additional historical data. The first column is price. - Monthly Data: A separate monthly file is amended each month. This monthly archive ensures a complete record of updates over time, allowing users to track changes and trends more granularly.

Summary of Results

The dataset (pp-complete.csv) contains records of property sales dating back to January 1995, up to the most recent monthly data. It covers various types of transactions—from residential to commercial properties—providing a holistic view of the real estate market in England and Wales.

Column Descriptions

The original data includes the following columns: - Transaction_unique_identifier
- price
- Date_of_Transfer
- postcode
- Property_Type
- Old/New
- Duration
- PAON
- SAON
- Street
- Locality
- Town/City
- District
- County
- PPDCategory_Type
- Record_Status - monthly_file_only

Note: As part of the transformation process, the Transaction_unique_identifier column is removed from the final published pp-complete.csv data file. Therefore the first column of the pp-complete.csv file is price.

Address data Explanation - Postcode: The postal code where the property is located. - PAON (Primary Addressable Object Name): Typically the house number or name. - SAON (Secondary Addressable Object Name): Additional information if the building is divided into flats or sub-buildings. - Street: The street name where the property is located. - Locality: Additional locality information. - Town/City: The town or city where the property is located. - District: The district in which the property resides. - County: The county where the property is located. - Price Paid: The price for which the property was sold.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Ownership and Attribution This dataset is the property of HM Land Registry and is released under the Open Government Licence (OGL). If you use or publish this dataset, you are required to include the following attribution statement:

>"Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0."

Usage Guidelines

The data can be used for both commercial and non-commercial purposes.

The OGL does not cover third-party rights, which HM Land Registry is not authorized to license. For any other use of the Address Data, you must contact Royal Mail.

Suggested Usages

Market Trend Analysis: Understand the ups and downs of the property market over time. Investment Research: Identify potential areas for property investment. Academic Studies: Use the data for economic research and studies related to the housing market. Policy Making: Assist government agencies in making informed decisions regarding housing policies. Real Estate Apps: Integrate the data into apps that provide property price information services.

By using this dataset, you agree to abide by the terms and conditions as specified by HM Land Registry. Failure to do so may result in legal consequences.

introduction

This dataset provides comprehensive information on property sales in England and Wales, as sourced from the UK government's HM Land Registry. It offers valuable insights into property transactions, including sale prices, locations, and types of properties sold. This dataset is particularly useful for analysts, researchers, and businesses looking to understand market trends, property valuations, and investment opportunities in the real estate sector of England and Wales.

Summary of Results

The dataset contains records of property sales dating back to January 1995, up to the most recent monthly data. It covers various types of transactions, from residential to commercial properties, providing a holistic view of the real estate market in England and Wales.

Column Descriptions

colnames=['Transaction_unique_identifier', 'price', 'Date_of_Transfer', 'postcode', 'Property_Type', 'Old/New', 'Duration', 'PAON', 'SAON', 'Street', 'Locality', 'Town/City', 'District', 'County', 'PPDCategory_Type', 'Record_Status - monthly_file_only' ]

Address data Explaination Postcode: The postal code where the property is located. PAON (Primary Addressable Object Name): Typically the house number or name. SAON (Secondary Addressable Object Name): Additional information if the building is divided into flats or sub-buildings. Street: The street name where the property is located. Locality: Additional locality information. Town/City:The town or city where the property is located. District: The district in which the property resides. County:The county where the property is located. Price Paid:The price for which the property was sold.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Ownership and Attribution

This dataset is the property of HM Land Registry and is released under the Open Government Licence (OGL). If you use or publish this dataset, you are required to include the following attribution statement:

"Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0."

Usage Guidelines

The data can be used for both commercial and non-commercial purposes.

The OGL does not cover third-party rights, which HM Land Registry is not authorized to license. For any other use of the Address Data, you must contact Royal Mail.

##Suggested Usages Market Trend Analysis: Understand the ups and downs of the property market over time. Investment Research: Identify potential areas for property investment. Academic Studies: Use the data for economic research and studies related to the housing market. Policy Making: Assist government agencies in making informed decisions regarding housing policies. Real Estate Apps: Integrate the data into apps that provide property price information services.

By using this dataset, you agree to abide by the terms and conditions as specified by HM Land Registry. Failure to do so may result in legal consequences.

HM Land Registry’s Price Paid Data records and tracks property sales in England and Wales as submitted to HM Land Registry for registration. The dataset contains single residential properties sold for value since 1995, and since 2013 includes transfers under power of sale/repossessions, buy-to-lets (where identifiable by Mortgage type) and transfers to non-private individuals. The dataset is subject to certain exclusions. It is available for download as single, monthly or yearly files

This dataset contains real-world property sales data from the UK, combining details from Rightmove and HM Land Registry.

You'll find: - A main property table (properties_main.csv) with info like type, location, latest price, and build type - A sale history table (price_history.csv) listing every known transaction for each property

🧠 This dataset is designed for learning and practice. It includes: - Messy fields (like missing bedrooms or bathroom info) - Currency values in text format (e.g. £280,000) - Linked tables via a unique property_id

Transaction data gives numbers of applications for first registrations, leases, transfers of part, dealings, official copies and searches lodged with HM Land Registry by account holders in the preceding month. The information is divided into data showing all applications lodged, transactions for value, by region and local authority district. Transactions for value include freehold and leasehold sales.

The data published on this page gives you information about the number and types of applications. The data reflects the volume of applications lodged by customers using an HM Land Registry account number on their application form. The data does not include applications that are not yet completed, or were withdrawn.

Content

This dataset has been altered from its original format. Specifically, the monthly files have been aggregated and columns whose names changed over time have been merged to use the current title. Some acronyms that will be helpful to know while reading the column names, per the documentation:

Acronym Title Description

DFL Dispositionary first lease An application for the registration of a new lease granted by the proprietor of registered land

DLG Dealing An application in respect of registered land. This includes transfers of title, charges and notices

FR First registration An application for a first registration of land both freehold and leasehold. For leasehold this applies when the landlord’s title is not registered

TP Transfer of part An application to register the transfer of part of a registered title

OS(W) Search of whole An application to protect a transaction for value, such as purchase, lease or charge for the whole of a title

OS(P) Search of part An application to protect a transaction for value, such as purchase, lease or charge for part of a title

OS(NPW) Non-priority search of whole An application to search the whole of the register without getting priority

OS(NPP) Non-priority search of part An application to search a part of the register without getting priority

OC1 Official copy An application to obtain an official copy of a register or title plan represents a true record of entries in the register and extent of the registered title at a specific date and time. The data includes historical editions of the register and title plan where they are kept by the registrar in electronic form

OC2 Official copy of a deed or document An application to obtain a copy of a document referred to in the register or relates to an application. This includes correspondence, surveys, application forms and emails relating to applications that are pending, cancelled or completed

SIM Search of the index map An application to find out whether or not land is registered and, if so, to obtain the title number

Acknowledgements

This data was kindly released by HM Land Registry under the Open Government License 3.0. You can find their current release here.

Inspiration

-What does this dataset tell us about the HM Land Registry's records of housing Prices Paid? Are searches a leading indicator of price changes?

This dataset contains a cleaned and enhanced version of publicly available UK housing transaction data, sourced from HM Land Registry. It covers housing sales across England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland from 2000 to 2023.

The dataset is preprocessed for immediate use in machine learning, statistical analysis, and data storytelling tasks. Here’s your UK Housing Dataset Column Descriptor, followed by where and how to apply it in Hugging Face or Kaggle:

Column Descriptions (for cleaned_uk_housing_prices.csv)

| price_per_sqm | Float | Estimated price per square meter (if available) | | log_price | Float | Log-transformed sale price (useful for ML models) |

UK Government House Price Index (HPI) data, up to and including August 2022.

**UPDATE (19/4/2023): Version 2 of this dataset contains data up to February 2023 in the file 'UK-HPI-full-file-2023-02.csv' ** The dataset consists of various metrics calculated from individual property transaction records. This data is stored on a regional basis with records made for each date period split based on averages across property type (Flat, Terraced, SemiDetached, Detached), method of purchase (Cash, Mortgage), buyer type (First Time Buyer, Former Owner Occupier) and property status (New Build, Existing (Old)).

Each of these subsets has data regarding average prices (normal and seasonally adjusted), sales volume, 12-month percentage price change, 1-month percentage price change, plus an index value which uses hedonic regression - matching sale price data with the attributes of a property (such as number of bedrooms, floor space, etc) to give an overview of the market.

Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2020. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of house sales in the UK spiked, followed by a period of decline. In 2023 and 2024, the housing market slowed notably, and in January 2025, transaction volumes fell to 46,774. House sales volumes are impacted by a number of factors, including mortgage rates, house prices, supply, demand, as well as the overall health of the market. The economic uncertainty and rising unemployment rates has also affected the homebuyer sentiment of Brits. How have UK house prices developed over the past 10 years? House prices in the UK have increased year-on-year since 2015, except for a brief period of decline in the second half of 2023 and the beginning of 2024. That is based on the 12-month percentage change of the UK house price index. At the peak of the housing boom in 2022, prices soared by nearly 14 percent. The decline that followed was mild, at under three percent. The cooling in the market was more pronounced in England and Wales, where the average house price declined in 2023. Conversely, growth in Scotland and Northern Ireland continued. What is the impact of mortgage rates on house sales? For a long period, mortgage rates were at record-low, allowing prospective homebuyers to take out a 10-year loan at a mortgage rate of less than three percent. In the last quarter of 2021, this period came to an end as the Bank of England rose the bank lending rate to contain the spike in inflation. Naturally, the higher borrowing costs affected consumer sentiment, urging many homebuyers to place their plans on hold and leading to a decline in sales.

Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) have been published as open data since 2013. These data have been transformative for house price variation research in the UK as they are a comprehensive record of residential transactions at address level and cover the whole of England and Wales over a period dating back to 1995. Despite the utility of these data, a lack of attribute information relating to the properties, such as total floor area information, is identified as one of the major shortcomings of the PPD data. This means that the impacts of stock mix on broader price patterns cannot be fully accounted for. This research outlines one approach which addresses this deficiency by combining transaction information from the official open Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) with property size information form the official open Domestic Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). A four-stage data linkage is created to generate a new linked dataset, representing 79% of the full market sales in the Land Registry PPD. This new linked dataset details 5,732,838 transactions in England and Wales between 2011 and 2019, along with each property's total floor area and the number of habitable rooms. Codes for other commonly used spatial units from Output Area to Local Authority are also included in the dataset. This offers greater flexibility for the exploration of house price variation in England and Wales at different spatial scales. The data collection includes the scripts used for linkage, as well as the resulting dataset.

Current residential house price variation research in the UK is limited by lack of an open and comprehensive house price database that contains both transaction price alongside dwelling attributes such as size. This research outlines one approach which addresses this deficiency in England and Wales through combining transaction information from the official open Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) and property size information form the official open Domestic Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). A four-stage data linkage is created to generate a new linked data, representing 79% of the full market sales in Land Registry PPD. This new linked dataset offers greater flexibility for the exploration of house price (house price per square metre) variation in England and Wales at different spatial scales over postcode unit between 2011 and 2019.

Number of properties sold from Land Registry data. Excluded from the above figures are sales at less than market price (e.g. Right To Buy), sales below £1,000 and sales above £20m. Relevant link: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/regional-analysis/house-price-statistics-for-small-areas/index.html

Transaction details for all property sales in England.

HM Land Registry Price Paid Data tracks land and property sales in England and Wales submitted to us for registration. Under the Open Government Licence (OGL), HM Land Registry permits you to use the Price Paid Data for commercial or non-commercial purposes. However, OGL does not cover the use of third party rights, which we are not authorised to license. Price Paid Data contains address data processed against Ordnance Survey’s AddressBase Premium product, which incorporates Royal Mail’s PAF® database (Address Data). Royal Mail and Ordnance Survey permit your use of Address Data in the Price Paid Data: • for personal and/or non-commercial use • to display for the purpose of providing residential property price information services If you want to use the Address Data in any other way, you must contact Royal Mail. Email address.management@royalmail.com.

Number of residential property sales in England and Wales, by property type and administrative geographies. Annual data.

The official UK House Price Index produced by HM Land Registry, covering completed sales across England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

The UK house price index (UK HPI) represents changes in the value of UK residential properties (i.e., detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses, flats and maisonettes) and indicates trends in the UK housing market. The UK HPI applies a hedonic regression model that utilises the various sources of data on property price (e.g., HM Land Registry's Price Paid dataset) to allow for a true comparison of UK property prices in each period. The data is sourced from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and HM Land Registry, using house sales data from HM Land Registry, Registers of Scotland, and Land and Property Services Northern Ireland. Forecast data is estimated by IBISWorld, with reference to Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecasts submitted in its 'Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2022' publication. The figures are presented with a base month in 2015 (i.e., January 2015 = 100) and are averages of the UK HPI over each financial year (i.e., April-March).