About 36 percent of homeowners in England were aged 65 and above, which contrasts sharply with younger age groups, particularly those under 35. Young adults between 25 and 35, made up 15 percent of homeowners and had a dramatically lower homeownership rate. The disparity highlights the growing challenges faced by younger generations in entering the property market, a trend that has significant implications for wealth distribution and social mobility. Barriers to homeownership for young adults The path to homeownership has become increasingly difficult for young adults in the UK. A 2023 survey revealed that mortgage affordability was the greatest obstacle to property purchase. This represents a 39 percent increase from 2021, reflecting the impact of rising house prices and mortgage rates. Despite these challenges, one in three young adults still aspire to get on the property ladder as soon as possible, though many have put their plans on hold. The need for additional financial support from family, friends, and lenders has become more prevalent, with one in five young adults acknowledging this necessity. Regional disparities and housing supply The housing market in England faces regional challenges, with North West England and the West Midlands experiencing the largest mismatch between housing supply and demand in 2023. This imbalance is evident in the discrepancy between new homes added to the housing stock and the number of new households formed. London, despite showing signs of housing shortage, has seen the largest difference between homes built and households formed. The construction of new homes has been volatile, with a significant drop in 2020, a rebound in 2021 and a gradual decline until 2024.

The distribution of all owner-occupier households in England in 2024 varied per age group, as well as the type of home financing. The older the age group, the larger the share of owner-occupier homeowners who purchased their home outright. A share of 2.1 percent of own outright homeowners were between the ages of 25 to 34, whereas a share of 62.1 percent of own outright homeowners were aged 65 and over. Although this is the case, the largest share of homeowners who purchased their house with a mortgage was in the age range of 35 to 44 years old.

70% of White British households owned their own homes – the highest percentage out of all ethnic groups.

In 2024, approximately ** percent of all housing in England was owner-occupied. This share declined notably since the early 2000's, as house prices gradually grew and affordability declined. In 2021, mortgage interest rates soared, leading to even lower homebuyer sentiment.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The 5% Sample Survey of Building Society Mortgage Completions (BSM) has been in existence since 1965. The Archive holds data from 1974.
Monthly returns, giving detailed information on a nominal 5% sample of all mortgage completions, have been submitted on a voluntary basis by most building societies to the Department of Environment who process the data on a quarterly basis.
The survey results have served as the offical source of statistics on the owner-occupied housing market, providing a wealth of information on mortgage advances, dwelling prices and the characteristics of borrowers and properties.
An increased share of the mortgage market being accounted for by other lenders and a widening range of mortgage products during the 1980s have necessitated change, leading to the BSM being succeeded by the Survey of Mortgage Lenders (SML) in 1992 (see GN: 33254).
An important consideration for users of the data is that the SML figures allow continuity with the BSM survey results to be maintained for a reasonable period.
Main Topics:
Building Society code, date mortgage completed, whether dwelling is wholly or partly occupied by borrower. Mortgage amount, whether solely for purchase of property, period of mortgage, gross rate of interest, repayment method. Purchase price and whether discounted in any way. Location of dwelling, whether new, age of dwelling, type, number of habitable rooms, whether garage, rateable value. Number and sex of borrowers, age of main borrower, basic income, other income, total income, whether applicant previously owner occupier, previous tenure, whether main borrower nominated by LA under support lending scheme.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Survey of Mortgage Lenders (SML) was launched on 1st April 1992 to succeed the 5% Sample Survey of Building Society Mortgage Completions (BSM) (See GN:33191). The aims were to improve the survey in three principal ways:
a) to broaden the range of institutions surveyed to incorporate other mortgage lenders in addition to building societies and Abbey National. With the entry of the high street banks and then the centralised lenders into the mortgage market, information provided by the building societies no longer represented the whole market in the way it did when the BSM was set up in the 1960s.
b) to extend its coverage to include further advances, remortgages and top-up loans in addition to first mortgages.
c) to increase the level of detail on the questionnaire especially with respect to the characteristics of the mortgage loan.
An important consideration for users of the data is that the SML figures allow continuity with the BSM survey results to be maintained for a reasonable period.
Main Topics:
Financial institution code, date mortgage completed, whether dwelling is wholly or partly occupied by borrower. Mortgage amount, type of advance, whether solely for purchase of property, period of mortgage, gross rate of interest, whether the interest charged is fixed or variable rate, whether interest payments are discounted or deferred, repayment method, source of mortgage business, purchase price and whether discounted in any way, location of dwelling, whether new, age of dwelling, type of dwelling, number of habitable rooms, number, sex and age of borrowers, basic income of main borrower, other income and total income on which mortgage is based, whether applicant previously owner occupier, previous tenure.

The mortgage prevalence among homeowners in Europe varied widely across different countries in 2023. About ** percent of the total population in Norway was a homeowner, with ** percent paying out a mortgage loan. Conversely, only *** percent of households in Romania had a mortgage, with nearly ** percent being homeowners. Meanwhile, an average of ** percent of the total population within the EU-27 was an owner-occupant with a mortgage or housing loan. Homeownership depends on multiple factors, such as housing policy, the macroeconomic situation, the state of the housing sector, and the availability of finance. Countries with more developed mortgage markets tend to have lower mortgage interest rates.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify Household Reference Persons in England and Wales by tenure and by ethnic group. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

There is evidence of people incorrectly identifying their type of landlord as ”Council or local authority” or “Housing association”. You should add these two categories together when analysing data that uses this variable. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Lower tier local authorities

Lower tier local authorities provide a range of local services. There are 309 lower tier local authorities in England made up of 181 non-metropolitan districts, 59 unitary authorities, 36 metropolitan districts and 33 London boroughs (including City of London). In Wales there are 22 local authorities made up of 22 unitary authorities.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. However, you can choose to filter areas by:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Tenure of household

Whether a household owns or rents the accommodation that it occupies.

Owner-occupied accommodation can be:

• owned outright, which is where the household owns all of the accommodation
• with a mortgage or loan
• part-owned on a shared ownership scheme

Rented accommodation can be:

• private rented, for example, rented through a private landlord or letting agent
• social rented through a local council or housing association

This information is not available for household spaces with no usual residents.

Ethnic group

The ethnic group that the person completing the census feels they belong to. This could be based on their culture, family background, identity or physical appearance.

Respondents could choose one out of 19 tick-box response categories, including write-in response options.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Survey of English Housing (SEH) was a continuous annual survey series, which began in 1993. The survey provided key housing data on tenure, owner occupation and the social rented sector, and regular information about the private rented sector. The survey was originally sponsored by the Department of the Environment, which became the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in time for the 1996-1997 survey, then the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions, by 2000-2001. Responsibility for the SEH was transferred to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister after the fieldwork for the 2002-2003 survey commenced, and on 5 May 2006 the series became part of the remit of the newly-established Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG).

The main aims of the SEH were to provide regular information about the main features of people's housing and their views about their circumstances, and information about the private rented sector (not covered by routine administrative statistics like the owner-occupied and social rented sectors).

From 2008, the SEH merged with the English House Condition Survey (EHCS) to form the new English Housing Survey (EHS). The last SEH dataset is the 2007-2008 study. The EHS data are available at the UK Data Archive under GN 33422.

Further information about the SEH and the EHS may be found on the DCLG web site Survey of English Housing and English Housing Survey web pages.

Main Topics:

The following subjects were covered in the 1993-1994 survey:
Household Interview
All Households: classification section, demographic data; housing tenure; details of accommodation; sharing (if any); moves and housing history, reasons for moving; age at which HOH left parents' home; satisfaction with present accommodation; waiting lists.
Owner Occupiers: details of mortgages; cost of housing; difficulties with mortgage payments; sale of previous property; trading up and trading down.
Public Sector Tenants: rents and rent arrears; receipt of housing benefit; expectations of buying.
All Households: employment and income.
Private Renters Module
All Tenancy Groups: type of tenancy agreement, security of tenure; rents, changes in rent, what is included in rent; rent arrears, difficulties in paying rent; repairs and getting them done; relations with landlord; finding rented accommodation; housing expectations and future expectations; employment details (if head of tenancy group is not HOH), income.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify households in England and Wales by tenure and by household composition. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

There is evidence of people incorrectly identifying their type of landlord as ”Council or local authority” or “Housing association”. You should add these two categories together when analysing data that uses this variable. Read more about this quality notice.

Data about household relationships might not always look consistent with legal partnership status. This is because of complexity of living arrangements and the way people interpreted these questions. Take care when using these two variables together. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Lower tier local authorities

Lower tier local authorities provide a range of local services. There are 309 lower tier local authorities in England made up of 181 non-metropolitan districts, 59 unitary authorities, 36 metropolitan districts and 33 London boroughs (including City of London). In Wales there are 22 local authorities made up of 22 unitary authorities.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. However, you can choose to filter areas by:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Tenure of household

Whether a household owns or rents the accommodation that it occupies.

Owner-occupied accommodation can be:

• owned outright, which is where the household owns all of the accommodation
• with a mortgage or loan
• part-owned on a shared ownership scheme

Rented accommodation can be:

• private rented, for example, rented through a private landlord or letting agent
• social rented through a local council or housing association

This information is not available for household spaces with no usual residents.

Household composition

Households according to the relationships between members.

One-family households are classified by:

• the number of dependent children
• family type (married, civil partnership or cohabiting couple family, or lone parent family)

Other households are classified by:

• the number of people
• the number of dependent children
• whether the household consists only of students or only of people aged 66 and over

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

A series of surveys were carried out to provide factual and detailed information on the performance of 6 local authorities in council house allocation, improvement grants, council mortgages and council house sales. The information was intended to support inter-authority comparisons, and to check on variability of policy and practice. The emphasis was on the extent to which housing need was being met and housing opportunities created.
Main Topics:
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 205)
This dataset records information collected from the West Bromwich Waiting List.
Type of list, length of application, applicant's marital and family situation, whether baby expected at application data, 'points' (total and detailed breakdown, e.g. size of family points, shared accommodation points). Period of residence/employment in West Bromwich County Borough, tenure, household size and type, bedrooms for applicant's family, use of separate living room, whether family separated by accommodation (length of time), other persons in dwelling, amenities, any personal disabilities, cleanliness. Type of dwelling recommended/allocated, number of bedrooms needed, area, offers made, rent/floor area allocated, rateable value allowed, age/grade choice and allocation, category of tenant, origin of letting, present location, location allocated, comparison of density of occupation (present and previous).
Background Variables (SN: 205)
Age, sex, ethnic origin, household status, place of residence, number of children less than/over 16 years of age, number under 5 years of age.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Type of list, type of house, tenure, number of bedrooms, whether living room shared, other persons in house, standard of decorations. Type of house wanted, reasons for application, offers made, rent record. Expectant mother at application, medical claims 'points'. Required: type of dwelling, number of bedrooms, garage or car space. Location, age and grade of house (chosen and allocated). Present, chosen and allocated density of occupation. Floor space allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Age, marital status, place of birth, children 16 and under/5 and under, household size and type, length of residence at present address and in UK.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 264)
Length of residence, whether on council waiting list, owner occupier, whether other property owned, present rent, rent willing to pay, general condition of property, cleanliness, rent record, medical problems, offers made, type of dwelling allocated, rent allocated, rateable value allocated, category of tenant, origin of letting, present, chosen and allocated location, age and grade of house, density of occupation allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 264)
Age, children 15 and under/5 and under, household type and size, number in employment, total income, car ownership.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 265)
Size and age of house, mortgage intention, market price, sale price, % discount, market price above construction cost, length of tenancy, reasons for withdrawal, rent record, previous tenure, family size on application, whether still at same address, density of occupation, grade of estate, car parking facilities.
Background Variables (SN: 265)
Age, children 15 and 5 and under, household type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 266)
Term of loan sought, reference satisfactory, income satisfactory, price, loan sought, valuation, advance approved, balance of annual repayments, valuation as % price, loan granted as % price, loan approved as % valuation, loan approved as % price, time taken for approval, whether applicant is tenant, whether part of house would be let in future, freehold or leasehold, rateable value, notices to repair outstanding, type of property, number of bedrooms, garden, garage, hot water system, age of buildings, annual basic earnings, overtime, total earnings, total household income, annual repayment as % applicant's annual earnings, annual repayments as % household annual earnings, mortgage held.
Background Variables (SN: 266)
Age, place of birth, family size, social class.
Variables (SN: 267, 270, 273, 276 and 279)
Type of grant, nature of work, cost approved, maximum grant, age of property, tenure, mortgage, cost of improvement, cost of repairs as % approved costs, grant as % total costs, total cost of work, grant approved, date of application, time taken from application to approval, time taken from approval to completion, time taken from application to completion, area, house type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 269, 272, 275, 278 and 281)
Period of loan sought, income status, period of loan granted, category of tenant, price, loan applied for, valuation,...

This method returns Census 2021 estimates that classify households by tenure.

Tenure of household defines whether a household owns or rents the accommodation that it occupies.

Owner-occupied accommodation can be:

• owned outright, which is where the household owns all of the accommodation
• with a mortgage or loan
• part-owned on a shared ownership scheme

Rented accommodation can be:

• private rented, for example, rented through a private landlord or letting agent
• social rented through a local council or housing association

This information is not available for household spaces with no usual residents.

“Tenure of household” is split into 15 categories including total.

The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

A series of surveys were carried out to provide factual and detailed information on the performance of 6 local authorities in council house allocation, improvement grants, council mortgages and council house sales. The information was intended to support inter-authority comparisons, and to check on variability of policy and practice. The emphasis was on the extent to which housing need was being met and housing opportunities created.
Main Topics:
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 205)
This dataset records information collected from the West Bromwich Waiting List.
Type of list, length of application, applicant's marital and family situation, whether baby expected at application data, 'points' (total and detailed breakdown, e.g. size of family points, shared accommodation points). Period of residence/employment in West Bromwich County Borough, tenure, household size and type, bedrooms for applicant's family, use of separate living room, whether family separated by accommodation (length of time), other persons in dwelling, amenities, any personal disabilities, cleanliness. Type of dwelling recommended/allocated, number of bedrooms needed, area, offers made, rent/floor area allocated, rateable value allowed, age/grade choice and allocation, category of tenant, origin of letting, present location, location allocated, comparison of density of occupation (present and previous).
Background Variables (SN: 205)
Age, sex, ethnic origin, household status, place of residence, number of children less than/over 16 years of age, number under 5 years of age.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Type of list, type of house, tenure, number of bedrooms, whether living room shared, other persons in house, standard of decorations. Type of house wanted, reasons for application, offers made, rent record. Expectant mother at application, medical claims 'points'. Required: type of dwelling, number of bedrooms, garage or car space. Location, age and grade of house (chosen and allocated). Present, chosen and allocated density of occupation. Floor space allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Age, marital status, place of birth, children 16 and under/5 and under, household size and type, length of residence at present address and in UK.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 264)
Length of residence, whether on council waiting list, owner occupier, whether other property owned, present rent, rent willing to pay, general condition of property, cleanliness, rent record, medical problems, offers made, type of dwelling allocated, rent allocated, rateable value allocated, category of tenant, origin of letting, present, chosen and allocated location, age and grade of house, density of occupation allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 264)
Age, children 15 and under/5 and under, household type and size, number in employment, total income, car ownership.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 265)
Size and age of house, mortgage intention, market price, sale price, % discount, market price above construction cost, length of tenancy, reasons for withdrawal, rent record, previous tenure, family size on application, whether still at same address, density of occupation, grade of estate, car parking facilities.
Background Variables (SN: 265)
Age, children 15 and 5 and under, household type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 266)
Term of loan sought, reference satisfactory, income satisfactory, price, loan sought, valuation, advance approved, balance of annual repayments, valuation as % price, loan granted as % price, loan approved as % valuation, loan approved as % price, time taken for approval, whether applicant is tenant, whether part of house would be let in future, freehold or leasehold, rateable value, notices to repair outstanding, type of property, number of bedrooms, garden, garage, hot water system, age of buildings, annual basic earnings, overtime, total earnings, total household income, annual repayment as % applicant's annual earnings, annual repayments as % household annual earnings, mortgage held.
Background Variables (SN: 266)
Age, place of birth, family size, social class.
Variables (SN: 267, 270, 273, 276 and 279)
Type of grant, nature of work, cost approved, maximum grant, age of property, tenure, mortgage, cost of improvement, cost of repairs as % approved costs, grant as % total costs, total cost of work, grant approved, date of application, time taken from application to approval, time taken from approval to completion, time taken from application to completion, area, house type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 269, 272, 275, 278 and 281)
Period of loan sought, income status, period of loan granted, category of tenant, price, loan applied for, valuation,...

This is the distribution of tenure in houses in the private and social sector in the United Kingdom as of 2018, by dwelling type. As of 2018, approximately ** percent of all semi detached houses in the UK were owner occupied. Private renters made up almost ** percent of semi detached houses. Increasing purchasing power and decreasing unemployment provides European consumers with more confidence to enter the housing market, either to buy or to rent a house. Also, the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) allows for favorable lending conditions. Due to the ECB's artificially low interest rates, mortgage loans in Europe also have low interest rates and become more attractive to buy for consumers as lending has become cheaper.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

A series of surveys were carried out to provide factual and detailed information on the performance of 6 local authorities in council house allocation, improvement grants, council mortgages and council house sales. The information was intended to support inter-authority comparisons, and to check on variability of policy and practice. The emphasis was on the extent to which housing need was being met and housing opportunities created.
Main Topics:
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 205)
This dataset records information collected from the West Bromwich Waiting List.
Type of list, length of application, applicant's marital and family situation, whether baby expected at application data, 'points' (total and detailed breakdown, e.g. size of family points, shared accommodation points). Period of residence/employment in West Bromwich County Borough, tenure, household size and type, bedrooms for applicant's family, use of separate living room, whether family separated by accommodation (length of time), other persons in dwelling, amenities, any personal disabilities, cleanliness. Type of dwelling recommended/allocated, number of bedrooms needed, area, offers made, rent/floor area allocated, rateable value allowed, age/grade choice and allocation, category of tenant, origin of letting, present location, location allocated, comparison of density of occupation (present and previous).
Background Variables (SN: 205)
Age, sex, ethnic origin, household status, place of residence, number of children less than/over 16 years of age, number under 5 years of age.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Type of list, type of house, tenure, number of bedrooms, whether living room shared, other persons in house, standard of decorations. Type of house wanted, reasons for application, offers made, rent record. Expectant mother at application, medical claims 'points'. Required: type of dwelling, number of bedrooms, garage or car space. Location, age and grade of house (chosen and allocated). Present, chosen and allocated density of occupation. Floor space allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Age, marital status, place of birth, children 16 and under/5 and under, household size and type, length of residence at present address and in UK.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 264)
Length of residence, whether on council waiting list, owner occupier, whether other property owned, present rent, rent willing to pay, general condition of property, cleanliness, rent record, medical problems, offers made, type of dwelling allocated, rent allocated, rateable value allocated, category of tenant, origin of letting, present, chosen and allocated location, age and grade of house, density of occupation allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 264)
Age, children 15 and under/5 and under, household type and size, number in employment, total income, car ownership.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 265)
Size and age of house, mortgage intention, market price, sale price, % discount, market price above construction cost, length of tenancy, reasons for withdrawal, rent record, previous tenure, family size on application, whether still at same address, density of occupation, grade of estate, car parking facilities.
Background Variables (SN: 265)
Age, children 15 and 5 and under, household type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 266)
Term of loan sought, reference satisfactory, income satisfactory, price, loan sought, valuation, advance approved, balance of annual repayments, valuation as % price, loan granted as % price, loan approved as % valuation, loan approved as % price, time taken for approval, whether applicant is tenant, whether part of house would be let in future, freehold or leasehold, rateable value, notices to repair outstanding, type of property, number of bedrooms, garden, garage, hot water system, age of buildings, annual basic earnings, overtime, total earnings, total household income, annual repayment as % applicant's annual earnings, annual repayments as % household annual earnings, mortgage held.
Background Variables (SN: 266)
Age, place of birth, family size, social class.
Variables (SN: 267, 270, 273, 276 and 279)
Type of grant, nature of work, cost approved, maximum grant, age of property, tenure, mortgage, cost of improvement, cost of repairs as % approved costs, grant as % total costs, total cost of work, grant approved, date of application, time taken from application to approval, time taken from approval to completion, time taken from application to completion, area, house type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 269, 272, 275, 278 and 281)
Period of loan sought, income status, period of loan granted, category of tenant, price, loan applied for, valuation,...

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

A series of surveys were carried out to provide factual and detailed information on the performance of 6 local authorities in council house allocation, improvement grants, council mortgages and council house sales. The information was intended to support inter-authority comparisons, and to check on variability of policy and practice. The emphasis was on the extent to which housing need was being met and housing opportunities created.
Main Topics:
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 205)
This dataset records information collected from the West Bromwich Waiting List.
Type of list, length of application, applicant's marital and family situation, whether baby expected at application data, 'points' (total and detailed breakdown, e.g. size of family points, shared accommodation points). Period of residence/employment in West Bromwich County Borough, tenure, household size and type, bedrooms for applicant's family, use of separate living room, whether family separated by accommodation (length of time), other persons in dwelling, amenities, any personal disabilities, cleanliness. Type of dwelling recommended/allocated, number of bedrooms needed, area, offers made, rent/floor area allocated, rateable value allowed, age/grade choice and allocation, category of tenant, origin of letting, present location, location allocated, comparison of density of occupation (present and previous).
Background Variables (SN: 205)
Age, sex, ethnic origin, household status, place of residence, number of children less than/over 16 years of age, number under 5 years of age.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Type of list, type of house, tenure, number of bedrooms, whether living room shared, other persons in house, standard of decorations. Type of house wanted, reasons for application, offers made, rent record. Expectant mother at application, medical claims 'points'. Required: type of dwelling, number of bedrooms, garage or car space. Location, age and grade of house (chosen and allocated). Present, chosen and allocated density of occupation. Floor space allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 263, 268, 271, 274, 277 and 280)
Age, marital status, place of birth, children 16 and under/5 and under, household size and type, length of residence at present address and in UK.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 264)
Length of residence, whether on council waiting list, owner occupier, whether other property owned, present rent, rent willing to pay, general condition of property, cleanliness, rent record, medical problems, offers made, type of dwelling allocated, rent allocated, rateable value allocated, category of tenant, origin of letting, present, chosen and allocated location, age and grade of house, density of occupation allocated.
Background Variables (SN: 264)
Age, children 15 and under/5 and under, household type and size, number in employment, total income, car ownership.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 265)
Size and age of house, mortgage intention, market price, sale price, % discount, market price above construction cost, length of tenancy, reasons for withdrawal, rent record, previous tenure, family size on application, whether still at same address, density of occupation, grade of estate, car parking facilities.
Background Variables (SN: 265)
Age, children 15 and 5 and under, household type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 266)
Term of loan sought, reference satisfactory, income satisfactory, price, loan sought, valuation, advance approved, balance of annual repayments, valuation as % price, loan granted as % price, loan approved as % valuation, loan approved as % price, time taken for approval, whether applicant is tenant, whether part of house would be let in future, freehold or leasehold, rateable value, notices to repair outstanding, type of property, number of bedrooms, garden, garage, hot water system, age of buildings, annual basic earnings, overtime, total earnings, total household income, annual repayment as % applicant's annual earnings, annual repayments as % household annual earnings, mortgage held.
Background Variables (SN: 266)
Age, place of birth, family size, social class.
Variables (SN: 267, 270, 273, 276 and 279)
Type of grant, nature of work, cost approved, maximum grant, age of property, tenure, mortgage, cost of improvement, cost of repairs as % approved costs, grant as % total costs, total cost of work, grant approved, date of application, time taken from application to approval, time taken from approval to completion, time taken from application to completion, area, house type.
Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions (SN: 269, 272, 275, 278 and 281)
Period of loan sought, income status, period of loan granted, category of tenant, price, loan applied for, valuation,...

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify Household Reference Persons aged 16 years and over in employment the week before the census in England and Wales by tenure and by occupation. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

There is evidence of people incorrectly identifying their type of landlord as ”Council or local authority” or “Housing association”. You should add these two categories together when analysing data that uses this variable. Read more about this quality notice.

As Census 2021 was during a unique period of rapid change, take care when using this data for planning purposes. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Tenure of household

Whether a household owns or rents the accommodation that it occupies.

Owner-occupied accommodation can be:

• owned outright, which is where the household owns all of the accommodation
• with a mortgage or loan
• part-owned on a shared ownership scheme

Rented accommodation can be:

• private rented, for example, rented through a private landlord or letting agent
• social rented through a local council or housing association

This information is not available for household spaces with no usual residents.

Occupation (current)

Classifies what people aged 16 years and over do as their main job. Their job title or details of activities they do in their job and any supervisory or management responsibilities form this classification. This information is used to code responses to an occupation using the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 2020.

It classifies people who were in employment between 15 March and 21 March 2021, by the SOC code that represents their current occupation.

The lowest level of detail available is the four-digit SOC code which includes all codes in three, two and one digit SOC code levels.