Which people are most likely to be temporarily away from paid work during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

The government of the United Kingdom will spend almost 100 billion British pounds on policy responses to the Coronavirus pandemic in 2020/21, with it's job retention scheme being the most costly policy, at ** billion pounds. While almost all the measures are aimed at securing the economy, the NHS is expected to receive an extra ** billion pounds in funding during the pandemic.

Current employment status and type of those who left or lost their job since the start of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Includes those who have returned to paid work. Data from the Over 50s Lifestyle Study, Great Britain.

In January 2021, approximately **** million jobs in Europe's three largest economies were being supported by temporary employment schemes, with the UK's job retention scheme supporting approximately **** million jobs, France's Chômage partiel scheme *** million, while *** million workers were on Germany's Kurzarbeit system. Although some of these partial employment mechanisms were already in place before the COVID-19 pandemic, their usage accelerated considerably after the first Coronavirus lockdowns in Spring 2020. How much will this cost European governments? Early on in the pandemic, European governments moved swiftly to limit the damage that the Coronavirus pandemic would cause to the labor market. The spectre of mass unemployment, which would put a huge strain on European benefit systems anyway, was enough to encourage significant government spending and intervention. To this end, the European Union made 100 billion Euros of loans available through it's unemployment support fund (SURE). As of March 2021, Italy had received ***** billion Euros in loans from the SURE mechanism, and is set to be loaned **** billion Euros overall. Spain and Poland will receive the second and third highest amount from the plan, at **** billion, and ***** billion Euros respectively. What about the UK? The United Kingdom is not involved in the European Union's SURE scheme, but has also paid substantial amounts of money to keep unemployment at bay. As of January 31, 2021, there had been more than **** million jobs furloughed on the UK's job retention scheme. By this date, the expenditure of this measure had reached **** billion British pounds, with this figure expected to increase further, following the extension of the scheme to September 2021.

Data on activities that respondents have been doing more of since the start of the coronavirus pandemic and will keep doing after the end of the pandemic. Data are based on the COVID-19 module of the OPN, collected between 10 and 14 March 2021.

Indicators from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN) related to the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and other illnesses on people, households and communities in Great Britain.

This data was generated as part of an 18 month ESRC funded project,as part of UKRI’s rapid response to COVID-19. The project examines how UK period poverty initiatives mitigated Covid-19 challenges in light of lockdown measures and closure of services, and how they continued to meet the needs of those experiencing period poverty across the UK. Applied social science research methodologies were utilised to collect and analyse data as this project, about the Covid-19 pandemic, was undertaken during an ongoing ‘real world’ pandemic. Data collection was divided into two phases. Phase 1 (October 2020 – February 2021) collected data from period poverty organisations in the UK using semi-structured interviews and an online survey to develop an in-depth understanding of how period poverty organisations were responding to and navigating the Covid-19 Pandemic. Having collected and analysed this data, phase 2 (June – September 2021) used an online survey to collect data from people experiencing period poverty in order to better understand their lived experiences during the pandemic. Our dataset comprises of phase 1 interview transcripts and online survey responses, and phase 2 online survey responses.

COVID-19Plots and analysis relating to the coronavirus pandemic. Includes five sets of plots and associated R code to generate them.1) HeatmapsUpdated every few days - heatmaps of COVID-19 case and death trajectories for Local Authorities (or equivalent) in England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland and Germany.2) All cause mortalityUpdated on Tuesday (for England & Wales), Wednesday (for Scotland) and Friday (for Northern Ireland) - analysis and plots of weekly all-cause deaths in 2020 compared to previous years by country, age, sex and region. Also a set of international comparisons using data from mortality.org3) ExposuresNo longer updated - mapping of potential COVID-19 mortality exposure at local levels (LSOAs) in England based on the age-sex structure of the population and levels of poor health.There is also a Shiny app which creates slightly lower resolution versions of the same plots online, which you can find here: https://victimofmaths.shinyapps.io/covidmapper/, on GitHub https://github.com/VictimOfMaths/COVIDmapper and uploaded to this record4) Index of Multiple Deprivation No longer updated - preliminary analysis of the inequality impacts of COVID-19 based on Local Authority level cases and levels of deprivation. 5) Socioeconomic inequalities. No longer updated (unless ONS release more data) - Analysis of published ONS figures of COVID-19 and other cause mortality in 2020 compared to previous years by deprivation decile.Latest versions of plots and associated analysis can be found on Twitter: https://twitter.com/victimofmathsThis work is described in more detail on the UK Data Service Impact and Innovation Lab blog: https://blog.ukdataservice.ac.uk/visualising-high-risk-areas-for-covid-19-mortality/Adapted from data from the Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.1.0.http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

The data collection consists of 40 qualitative interviews with Polish migrant essential workers living in the UK and 10 in-depth expert interviews with key stakeholders providing information and support to migrant workers in the UK. All migrant interviews are in Polish. Six of the expert interviews with key stakeholders are in English and four are in Polish. Fieldwork was conducted fully online during the Covid-19 pandemic between March and August 2021, following the third UK-wide Covid-19 lockdown. Restrictions were still in place in some localities. Interviews took place shortly after the end of the transition period concluding the UK’s European Union exit on 1 January 2021. All Polish migrant worker interviewees entered the UK before 1 January 2021 and had the option to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. The objectives of the qualitative fieldwork were to: 1. To synthesise empirical and theoretical knowledge on the short- and long-term impacts of COVID-19 on migrant essential workers. 2. To establish how the pandemic affected Polish migrant essential worker's lives; and expert interviews with stakeholders in the public and third/voluntary sector to investigate how to best support and retain migrant essential workers in COVID-19 recovery strategies. The project also involved: - co-producing policy outputs with partner organisations in England and Scotland; and - an online survey to measure how Polish migrant essential workers across different roles and sectors were impacted by COVID-19 in regard to health, social, economic and cultural aspects, and intentions to stay in the UK/return to Poland (deposited separately to University of Sheffield). Key findings included significant new knowledge about the health, social, economic and cultural impacts of Covid-19 on migrant essential workers. Polish essential workers were severely impacted by the pandemic with major mental health impacts. Mental health support was insufficient throughout the UK. Those seeking support typically turned to private (online) services from Poland as they felt they could not access them in the UK because of language or cultural barriers, lack of understanding of the healthcare system and pathways to mental health support, support being offered during working hours only, or fear of the negative impact of using mental health services on work opportunities. Some participants were in extreme financial hardship, especially those with pre-settled status or those who arrived in the UK during the pandemic. The reasons for financial strain varied but there were strong patterns linked to increased pressure at work, greater exposure to Covid-19 as well as redundancies, pay cuts and rejected benefit applications. There was a tendency to avoid applying for state financial support. These impacts were compounded by the sense of isolation, helplessness, or long-distance grief due to inability to visit loved ones in Poland. Covid-19 impacted most detrimentally on women with caring responsibilities, single parents and people in the health and teaching sectors. The most vulnerable Polish migrant essential workers - e.g. those on lower income, with pre-existing health conditions, restricted access to support and limited English proficiency - were at most risk. Discrimination was reported, including not feeling treated equally in the workplace. The sense of discrimination two-fold: as essential workers (low-paid, low-status, unsafe jobs) and as Eastern Europeans (frequent disciplining practices, treated as threat, assumed to be less qualified). In terms of future plans, some essential workers intended to leave the UK or were unsure about their future place of residence. Brexit was a major reason for uncertain settlement plans. Vaccine hesitancy was identified, based on doubts about vaccination, especially amongst younger respondents who perceived low risks of Covid-19 for their own health, including women of childbearing age, who may have worries over unknown vaccine side-effects for fertility. Interview participants largely turned to Polish language sources for vaccination information, especially social media, and family and friends in Poland. This promoted the spread of misinformation as Poland has a strong anti-vaccination movement.

Analysis of homeschooling in Great Britain during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN). Data relate to homeschooling from the COVID-19 module of the OPN, collected between 13 January and February 2021

This data was generated as part of an 18 month ESRC funded project,as part of UKRI’s rapid response to COVID-19. The project examines how UK period poverty initiatives mitigated Covid-19 challenges in light of lockdown measures and closure of services, and how they continued to meet the needs of those experiencing period poverty across the UK. Applied social science research methodologies were utilised to collect and analyse data as this project, about the Covid-19 pandemic, was undertaken during an ongoing ‘real world’ pandemic. Data collection was divided into two phases. Phase 1 (October 2020 – February 2021) collected data from period poverty organisations in the UK using semi-structured interviews and an online survey to develop an in-depth understanding of how period poverty organisations were responding to and navigating the Covid-19 Pandemic. Having collected and analysed this data, phase 2 (June – September 2021) used an online survey to collect data from people experiencing period poverty in order to better understand their lived experiences during the pandemic. Our dataset comprises of phase 1 interview transcripts and online survey responses, and phase 2 online survey responses.Period poverty refers not only to economic hardship with accessing period products, but also to a poverty of education, resources, rights and freedom from stigma for girls and menstruators (1). Since March 2020, and the introduction of lockdown/social distancing measures as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, more than 1 of every 10 girls (aged 14-21) cannot afford period products and instead must use makeshift products (toilet roll, socks/other fabric, newspaper/paper). Nearly a quarter (22%) of those who can afford products struggle to access them, mostly because they cannot find them in the shops, or because their usual source/s is low on products/closed (2). Community /non-profit initiatives face new challenges related to Covid-19 lockdown measures as they strive to continue to support those experiencing period poverty. Challenges include accessing stocks of period products, distribution of products given lockdown restrictions, availability of staff/volunteer assistance and the emergence of 'new' vulnerable groups. There is an urgent need to capture how initiatives are adapting to challenges, to continue to support the needs of those experiencing period poverty during the pandemic. This data is crucial to informing current practice, shaping policy, developing strategies within the ongoing crisis and any future crises, and ensuring women and girls' voices are centralised. The project builds upon existing limited knowledge by providing insight into how UK based initiatives and projects are mitigating challenges linked to Covid-19, by examining how they are continuing to meet the needs of those experiencing period poverty and identifying any gaps in provision. 1. Montgomery P., et al., 2016. Menstruation and the Cycle of Poverty. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0166122. 2. Plan International UK, 2020. The State of Girls' Rights in the UK: Early insights into the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on girls. London: Plan International UK Phase 1 (October 2020 – February 2021) semi-structured interviews and an open ended/qualitative online survey Phase 2 (June – September 2021) open ended/qualitative online survey

A general increase with significant fluctuation was observed in the number of credit card purchases in the United Kingdom (UK) from January 2012 to October 2021. Between December 2019 and April 2020, the number of purchase transactions made in the United Kingdom using credit cards more than halved due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the entailing restrictions placed. The volume of credit card purchases has since recovered to the pre-pandemic numbers.

The monthly amount of credit and debit transactions made in the United Kingdom (UK) fluctuated significantly between 2019 and 2020. Following the global COVID-19 pandemic, UK consumers appear to have made significant efforts to engage in fewer transactions and spend less money. A low point was experienced in April 2020, when less than one billion transactions took place. However, since late 2021, this trend has reversed, showing an overall increase despite some fluctuations, and as of November 2024, there were almost 2.2 billion credit and debit transactions made in the UK.

Main estimates from the Over 50s Lifestyle Study for Great Britain, wave 2 sub-group: reasons for leaving and returning to work during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Includes data covering future plans, caring responsibilities, savings and sources of retirement funding, cost of living and partner working status.

DECOVID, a multi-centre research consortium, was founded in March 2020 by two United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trusts (comprising three acute care hospitals) and three research institutes/universities: University Hospitals Birmingham (UHB), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), University of Birmingham, University College London and The Alan Turing Institute. The original aim of DECOVID was to share harmonised electronic health record (EHR) data from UCLH and UHB to enable researchers affiliated with the DECOVID consortium to answer clinical questions to support the COVID-19 response.   ​​   ​​The DECOVID database has now been placed within the infrastructure of PIONEER, a Health Data Research (HDR) UK funded data hub that contains data from acute care providers, to make the DECOVID database accessible to external researchers not affiliated with the DECOVID consortium.  

This highly granular dataset contains 256,804 spells and 165,414 hospitalised patients. The data includes demographics, serial physiological measurements, laboratory test results, medications, procedures, drugs, mortality and readmission.

Geography: UHB is one of the largest NHS Trusts in England, providing direct acute services & specialist care across four hospital sites, with 2.2 million patient episodes per year, 2750 beds & > 120 ITU bed capacity. UCLH provides first-class acute and specialist services in six hospitals in central London, seeing more than 1 million outpatient and 100,000 admissions per year. Both UHB and UCLH have fully electronic health records. Data has been harmonised using the OMOP data model. Data set availability: Data access is available via the PIONEER Hub for projects which will benefit the public or patients. This can be by developing a new understanding of disease, by providing insights into how to improve care, or by developing new models, tools, treatments, or care processes. Data access can be provided to NHS, academic, commercial, policy and third sector organisations. Applications from SMEs are welcome. There is a single data access process, with public oversight provided by our public review committee, the Data Trust Committee. Contact pioneer@uhb.nhs.uk or visit www.pioneerdatahub.co.uk for more details.

Available supplementary data: Matched controls; ambulance and community data. Unstructured data (images). We can provide the dataset in other common data models and can build synthetic data to meet bespoke requirements.

Available supplementary support: Analytics, model build, validation & refinement; A.I. support. Data partner support for ETL (extract, transform & load) processes. Bespoke and “off the shelf” Trusted Research Environment (TRE) build and run. Consultancy with clinical, patient & end-user and purchaser access/ support. Support for regulatory requirements. Cohort discovery. Data-driven trials and “fast screen” services to assess population size.

Analysis of loneliness in Great Britain during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey.

Exploring the social impacts on behaviours during the different lockdown periods of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in the UK. Data are from March 2020 to January 2021.

The monthly value of credit and debit transactions made in the United Kingdom (UK) fluctuated significantly between January 2014 to November 2024. Just after the global Covid-19 pandemic, UK consumers appear to have made significant efforts to spend less money. However, since late 2021, this trend has reversed, showing an overall increase despite some fluctuations. The same pattern was observed in the total number of credit and debit transactions made in the UK during the same period.