Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination rates for people aged 18 years and over in England. Estimates by socio-demographic characteristic, region and local authority.

This statistical report, co-authored with the UK Health Security Agency (UKSHA), reports childhood vaccination coverage statistics for England in 2023-24. Data relates to the routine vaccinations offered to all children up to the age of 5 years, derived from the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated Rapidly (COVER). Additional information on children aged 2 and 3 vaccinated against seasonal flu are collected from GPs through UKHSA's ImmForm system.

Age-standardised mortality rates for deaths involving coronavirus (COVID-19), non-COVID-19 deaths and all deaths by vaccination status, broken down by age group.

The MMR vaccine in the United Kingdom is a combined vaccine which immunizes against measles, mumps and rubella. In 2023/24, 85.6 percent of children in Scotland had received the second dose of the vaccine by their fifth birthday, compared to 83.9 percent of children in England. Rise of measles in recent years In 2018, there were 989 cases of measles in England and Wales, this was the highest number of annual recorded cases since 2013. From 2000 to 2019, cases of measles generally increased in England and Wales. Views towards vaccines in the UK In the UK most of the population believe in the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. A 2018 survey of British respondents showed that 89 percent of the population believed that vaccines are important for children to have. In the same survey question, sixteen other European countries had a higher belief in the importance of child vaccinations than the UK, compared to twenty-one other countries which scored lower than the UK.

As of July 17, 2022, it was estimated that around every person aged 75 to 79 years of age in England had received at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Although the source does mention that this is likely to be an overestimation due to population figures taken from 2020. The data shows that at least a quarter of men under 30 years of age have not yet had two vaccine doses, with women more likely to be vaccinated among younger age groups.

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Provisional monthly uptake data for seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccines for frontline HCWs working in trusts, Independent Sector Healthcare Providers (ISHCPs), and GP practices in England.

Data is presented at national, NHS regional and individual trust levels.

View the pre-release access list for these reports.

According to a survey of parents of young children in England in 2022, almost ** percent of respondents reported the roll out of the COVID-19 vaccination had made them feel that vaccines have never been more important in preventing the spread of infections and viruses. While around ** percent of respondents said that COVID-19 had not changed their perceptions of vaccines either positively or negatively, ** percent said the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out had made them more wary about vaccinations.

United Kingdom UK: Immunization: Measles: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data was reported at 92.000 % in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 92.000 % for 2016. United Kingdom UK: Immunization: Measles: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data is updated yearly, averaging 86.500 % from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2017, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.000 % in 2015 and a record low of 53.000 % in 1980. United Kingdom UK: Immunization: Measles: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Child immunization, measles, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received the measles vaccination before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.; ; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).; Weighted average;

Figures on coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine uptake in school pupils aged 12 to 17 years attending state-funded secondary, sixth form and special schools, broken down by demographic and geographic characteristics, using a linked English Schools Census and National Immunisation Management System dataset. Experimental Statistics.

Childhood Vaccination Coverage Statistics- England 2017-18 [NS] The information in this bulletin about immunisation statistics in England comes from Public Health England (PHE). Information on childhood vaccination coverage at ages 1, 2 and 5 years is collected through the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated Rapidly (COVER) data collection for Upper Tier Local Authorities (LAs). Information on children aged 2 and 3 vaccinated against seasonal flu are collected from GPs through PHE's ImmForm system.

As of January 18, 2023, Portugal had the highest COVID-19 vaccination rate in Europe having administered 272.78 doses per 100 people in the country, while Malta had administered 258.49 doses per 100. The UK was the first country in Europe to approve the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for widespread use and began inoculations on December 8, 2020, and so far have administered 224.04 doses per 100. At the latest data, Belgium had carried out 253.89 doses of vaccines per 100 population. Russia became the first country in the world to authorize a vaccine - named Sputnik V - for use in the fight against COVID-19 in August 2020. As of August 4, 2022, Russia had administered 127.3 doses per 100 people in the country.

The seven-day rate of cases across Europe shows an ongoing perspective of which countries are worst affected by the virus relative to their population. For further information about the coronavirus pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Flu vaccine uptake (percent) in at risk individuals aged 6 months to 65 years (excluding pregnant women), who received the flu vaccination between 1st September to the end of February as recorded in the GP record. The February collection has been adopted for our end of season figures from 2017 to 2018. All previous data is the same definitions but until the end of January rather than February to consider data returning from outside the practice and later in practice vaccinations.RationaleInfluenza (also known as Flu) is a highly infectious viral illness spread by droplet infection. The flu vaccination is offered to people who are at greater risk of developing serious complications if they catch the flu. The seasonal influenza programme for England is set out in the Annual Flu Letter. Both the flu letter and the flu plan have the support of the Chief Medical Officer (CMO), Chief Pharmaceutical Officer (CPhO), and Director of Nursing.Vaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine-preventable communicable diseases. Immunisation is one of the most effective healthcare interventions available, and flu vaccines can prevent illness and hospital admissions among these groups of people. Increasing the uptake of the flu vaccine among these high-risk groups should also contribute to easing winter pressure on primary care services and hospital admissions. Coverage is closely related to levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise.The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) will continue to provide expert advice and monitoring of public health, including immunisation. NHS England now has responsibility for commissioning the flu programme, and GPs continue to play a key role. NHS England teams will ensure that robust plans are in place locally and that high vaccination uptake levels are reached in the clinical risk groups. For more information, see the Green Book chapter 19 on Influenza.The Annual Flu Letter sets out the national vaccine uptake ambitions each year. In 2021 to 2022, the national ambition was to achieve at least 85 percent vaccine uptake in those aged 65 and over. Prior to this, the national vaccine uptake ambition was 75 percent, in line with WHO targets.Definition of numeratorNumerator is the number of vaccinations administered during the influenza season between 1st September and the end of February.Definition of denominatorDenominator is the GP registered population on the date of extraction including patients who have been offered the vaccine but refused it, as the uptake rate is measured against the overall eligible population. For more detailed information please see the user guide, available to view and download from https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/vaccine-uptake#seasonal-flu-vaccine-uptakeCaveatsRead codes are primarily used for data collection purposes to extract vaccine uptake data for patients who fall into one or more of the designated clinical risk groups. The codes identify individuals at risk, and therefore eligible for flu vaccination. However, it is important to note that there may be some individuals with conditions not specified in the recommended risk groups for vaccination, who may be offered influenza vaccine by their GP based on clinical judgement and according to advice contained in the flu letter and Green Book, and thus are likely to fall outside the listed Read codes. Therefore, this data should not be used for GP payment purposes.

Covid vaccinations administered by local area since 8th December 2020. It includes the calculated percentage of the 12+ population who have received all required vaccinations and/or boosters.Population estimates are based on National Immunisation Management Service counts.

These data describe pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) uptake for the survey year, for those aged 65 years and over.RationaleVaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine preventable communicable diseases. Coverage is closely related to levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise. Pneumococcal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Certain groups are at risk for severe pneumococcal disease, these include young children, the elderly and people who are in clinical risk groups2. Pneumococcal infections can be non invasive such as bronchitis, otitis media or invasive such as septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis. Cases of invasive pneumococcal infection usually peak in the winter during December and January. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) protects against 23 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium. It is thought that the PPV is around 50 percent to 70 percent effective at preventing more serious types of invasive pneumococcal infection2.Since 1992 the 23 valent PPV has been recommended for people in the clinical risk groups and since 2003, the PPV vaccination programme has expanded to include immunisation to all those aged 65 years and over in England1This indicator was judged to be a valid and an important measure of public health and was therefore included in the public health outcomes framework. Inclusion of these indicators will encourage the continued prioritisation and evaluation and the effectiveness of the PPV vaccination programme and give an indication of uptake at an upper tier Local Authority level. The vaccination surveys measure the proportion of eligible people that have received PPV at any time and the proportion that received PPV during the previous year, providing an opportunity to assess the delivery of the immunisation programme11 Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV) coverage report, England, April 2013 to March 2014 [online]. 2015 [cited 2015 Mar]. Available from URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-polysaccharide-vaccine-ppv-vaccine-coverage-estimates 2 Pneumococcal infections, NHS Choices [online]. 2013 [cited 2013 Dec]. Available from URL: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/pages/pneumococcal-vaccination.aspxDefinition of numeratorUKHSA provided UTLA level data. Clinical commissioning group (CCG) data is available from https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/vaccine-uptake#ppv-vaccine-uptakeDefinition of denominatorNumber of adults aged 65 years and over. Data from 2013 to 2014 are now available at source at a local authority level. Data prior to 2013 to 2014 were collected at a PCT level and converted to LA level for inclusion in PHOF using the criteria as defined below:Denominators for local authorities are estimated from denominators for PCTs. Denominators for PCTs include all people registered with practices accountable to the PCT, and no data are available to provide resident-based figures. Denominators for local authorities are estimated as follows: (For local authorities that have exactly the same boundary as a PCT, the PCT figure is used as it is the only estimate available for the residents of the PCT and local authority. For local authorities whose boundary is contained wholly within a single PCT, but is not equal to the whole PCT, the LA denominator is estimated as a proportion of the PCT figure, with the exceptions of Isles of Scilly, City of London, Rutland, Cornwall, Hackney and Leicestershire (see below). For local authorities whose boundaries include all or part of more than one PCT, the local authority denominator is estimated by aggregating the appropriate proportions of the denominators for the PCTs whose boundaries include part of the local authority. The appropriate proportions in cases ii and iii are defined according to the resident population (in the appropriate age group) in the calendar year overlapping most of the period of the indicator value (or the most recent available): resident population by Lower Layer Super Output Area were extracted and used to calculate the population resident in every LA PCT overlapping block.To calculate the denominator, each LA PCT overlap is calculated as a proportion of the PCT resident population, and then multiplied by the denominator for the PCT. A LA may overlap several PCTs: the appropriate portions of all the PCTs’ denominators are aggregated to give the denominator estimate for the LA. Expressed as an equation the denominator is calculated as follows: DenominatorLA = ∑ (DenominatorPCT × n/N) summed over all PCTs overlapping the LA where: DenominatorLA = Estimated denominator in the LA n = Population resident in the LA-PCT overlapping block N = Population resident in the PCT DenominatorPCT = Denominator in the PCT For Isles of Scilly, City of London and Rutland, no indicator data are presented (prior to 2013 to 2014), as the local authority makes up a very small proportion of the PCT, and estimates for the LAs based on the PCT figures are unlikely to be representative as they are swamped by the much larger local authority within the same PCT. The estimates for Cornwall, Hackney and Leicestershire local authorities are combined data for Cornwall and Isles of Scilly, City of London and Hackney, and Leicestershire and Rutland respectively in order to ensure that all valid PCT data are included in the England total.Denominators for Cornwall and Isles of Scilly, City of London and Hackney, and Leicestershire and Rutland are not combined for the 2019 to 2020 annual local authority level data."CaveatsThe pneumococcal vaccine uptake collection is a snapshot of GP patients vaccinated currently registered at the time of data extraction. The proportion of GP practices who provided data for the surveys are available from the uptake reports. Data will exclude patients who have received the vaccine but have subsequently died, patients who have since moved, or patients that are vaccinated but have not had their electronic patient record updated by the time of data extraction. Data for local authorities prior to 2013 to 2014 have been estimated from registered PCT level indicators. While the majority of patients registered with practices accountable to a PCT tend to be resident within that PCT, there are, in some PCTs, significant differences between their resident and registered populations. Therefore the estimates for LAs may not always accurately reflect the resident population of the local authority (LA). Please note that the PCT response rate should be checked for data completeness as this will have a knock on effect to the LA values.

UK: Immunization: DPT: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data was reported at 94.000 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 96.000 % for 2015. UK: Immunization: DPT: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data is updated yearly, averaging 92.000 % from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2016, with 37 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 96.000 % in 2015 and a record low of 41.000 % in 1980. UK: Immunization: DPT: % of Children Aged 12-23 Months data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Health Statistics. Child immunization, DPT, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received DPT vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.; ; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).; Weighted average;

Estimates of the risk of all-cause and cardiac death in the 12 weeks after vaccination or positive SARS-CoV-2 test compared with subsequent weeks for people aged 12 to 29 years in England using two sources of mortality data: ONS death registrations and deaths recorded in Hospital Episode Statistics. 8 December 2020 to 25 May 2022. Experimental Statistics.

UK: Immunization: HepB3: % of One-Year-Old Children data was reported at 93.000 % in 2019. UK: Immunization: HepB3: % of One-Year-Old Children data is updated yearly, averaging 93.000 % from Dec 2019 (Median) to 2019, with 1 observations. UK: Immunization: HepB3: % of One-Year-Old Children data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Child immunization rate, hepatitis B is the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received hepatitis B vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized after three doses.; ; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).; Weighted average;

First, second, third dose and booster COVID-19 vaccination rates, among people aged 40 to 64 years old who live in England, by Standard Occupational Classification 2010 (SOC 2010).

Children for whom the local authority is responsible who completed a booster course of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio (DTaP and IPV) vaccine at any time by their fifth birthday as a percentage of all children whose fifith birthday falls within the time period.RationaleA booster vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, pertusiss and polio disease has been in the routine childhood immunisation programme since late 2001. It is currently offered at 3 year and 4 months or soon after. Vaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine preventable communicable diseases. Coverage is closely correlated with levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise. Previous evidence shows that highlighting vaccination programmes encourages improvements in uptake levels. May also have relevance for NICE guidance PH21: Reducing differences in the uptake of immunisations (The guidance aims to increase immunisation uptake among those aged under 19 years from groups where uptake is low).Definition of numeratorNumber of children in LA responsible population whose fifth birthday falls within the time period who received a DTaP and IPV booster at any time before their fifth birthday.Definition of denominatorTotal number of children in LA responsible population whose fifth birthday falls within the time period. Coverage figures are supplied for patients registered with GPs based in that LA and for unregistered patients who were resident in that LA. The LA responsible population is therefore different from the estimated resident population figures produced by the Office of National Statistics (ONS) for each LA. For the COVER collection, the LA responsible population is usually derived from the population registers held on CHISs.CaveatsFull GP postcodes are used to aggregate data to ICB. The GP-level coverage data is collected by NHS Digital Strategic Data Collection Service (SDCS) and published by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) COVER team. ICB data is experimental and should be treated with caution as it is not an official statistic.Information on childhood immunisation coverage at ages one, two, and five is collected through the UK COVER collection by UKHSA. These aggregated data are collected from CHISs, computerised systems storing clinical records that support health promotion and prevention activities for children, including immunisation. In England, COVER data are collected for Upper Tier Local Authorities (LAs) using the COVER data collection form. These are established collections based on total populations, not samples.The number of CHIS systems has decreased from over 100 in 2015 to around 70 by mid-2017. As different phases of the digital strategy are implemented across the country, it is anticipated that there may be further temporary local data quality issues associated with the transition. Temporary data quality issues in some London COVER returns during 2017 to 2018 were observed in the quarterly COVER reports as the new Hubs became responsible for generating coverage data. Changes in vaccine coverage within London should therefore be interpreted with caution for the time being.Data are extracted directly from local population registers, and data issues are generally related to underestimation of coverage. There may be some overestimation of denominators due to children who have moved away remaining on the area register, which can lead to underestimates of coverage. In some areas, it is known that a small number of GPs do not submit vaccination data to the local CHIS, also resulting in underestimation of coverage. Using non-standardised data extraction methods could result in overestimated coverage.Caution should be exercised when comparing coverage figures over time due to occasional data quality issues reported by some data suppliers. Apparent trends could reflect changes in the quality of data reported as well as real changes in vaccination coverage. While this issue will be more apparent at the local level, it may also impact national figures. Similarly, some caution should be exercised when comparing coverage between different areas where data quality issues have been reported.