Social mobility and life opportunities across different generations in Great Britain; indicators from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN).

The social mobility index of England sets out the differences between where children grow up and the chances they have of doing well in adult life. More details available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/social-mobility-index The Social Mobility Index compares the chances that a child from a disadvantaged background will do well at school and get a good job across each of the 324 local authority district areas of England. It examines a range of measures of the educational outcomes achieved by young people from disadvantaged backgrounds and the local job and housing markets to shed light on which are the best and worst places in England in terms of the opportunities young people from poorer backgrounds have to succeed. Please take a look at our interactive atlas spine chart, where you can discover how all the English districts, unitaries and boroughs ranked, as well as the data scores behind the ranks. http://atlas.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/SocialMobilityIndex/atlas.html

🇬🇧 영국 English The social mobility index of England sets out the differences between where children grow up and the chances they have of doing well in adult life. More details available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/social-mobility-index The Social Mobility Index compares the chances that a child from a disadvantaged background will do well at school and get a good job across each of the 324 local authority district areas of England. It examines a range of measures of the educational outcomes achieved by young people from disadvantaged backgrounds and the local job and housing markets to shed light on which are the best and worst places in England in terms of the opportunities young people from poorer backgrounds have to succeed. Please take a look at our interactive atlas spine chart, where you can discover how all the English districts, unitaries and boroughs ranked, as well as the data scores behind the ranks. http://atlas.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/SocialMobilityIndex/atlas.html

This dataset is about books. It has 44 rows and is filtered where the book subjects is Social mobility-Great Britain. It features 9 columns including author, publication date, language, and book publisher.

The aims and objectives of this project were :
to examine the relationship between, one the one hand, social mobility and on the other, political preferences, attitudes and behaviour within the context of Northern Ireland, a society which is deeply divided on politico-religious backgrounds. In particular, the aim was to determine the degree to which those who are socially mobile display patterns of political preferences, attitudes or behaviour (in specific areas) which are distinctively different from those characteristic of their class of origin or class of destination;
to advance our understanding of whether social mobility might lead to change in political attitudes and constitutional aspirations in Northern Ireland, as is widely believed;
to advance the methodological analysis within the 'mobility effects' literature by (i) addressing, within the Sobel (1981) framework, the issue of measurement error; (ii) extending the model to take into account intra-generational, as well as extra-generational, mobility;
to construct a social mobility dataset for Northern Ireland which will permit further research on social mobility in at least three areas, (i) an examination of the changes in the Northern Ireland male mobility regime over the period 1973 to 1995. This will be based on a comparison with 1973 mobility data; (ii) a cross-national study of changes in the male mobility regime over the same period in comparison with the Republic of Ireland; (iii) the first examination of female mobility patterns In Northern Ireland.

Further information about the study may be found on the COVID Social Mobility and Opportunities Study (COSMO) webpage.

COSMO Wave 2, 2022-2023
All young people who took part in Wave 1 (see SN 9000) were invited to the second Wave of the study, along with their parents (whether or not they took part in Wave 1).

Data collection in Wave 2 was carried out between October 2022 and April 2023 where young people and parents/guardians were first invited to a web survey. In addition to online reminders, some non-respondents were followed up via face-to-face visits or telephone calls over the winter and throughout spring. Online ‘mop-up’ fieldwork was also carried out to invite all non-respondents into the survey one last time before the end of fieldwork.

Latest edition information:
For the second edition (April 2024), a standalone dataset from the Keeping in Touch (KIT) exercise carried out after the completion of Wave 2, late 2023 have been deposited. This entailed a very short questionnaire for updating contact details and brief updates on young people's lives. A longitudinal parents dataset has also been deposited, to help data users find core background information from parents who took part in either Wave 1 or Wave 2 in one place. Finally, the young people's dataset has been updated (version 1.1) with additional codes added from some open-ended questions. The COSMO Wave 1 Data User Guide Version 1.1 explains these updates in detail. A technical report and accompanying appendices has also been deposited.

Further information about the study may be found on the COSMO website.

Data on young people’s attitudes about their futures by household income, deprivation, and parental education levels. Estimates using Wave 1 of the COVID Social Mobility and Opportunities (COSMO) study dataset.

This project looks at the patterns and trends of social mobility and social capital in China and Britain. With regard to mobility, it examines how family class influences children's education, employment and occupational attainment in the two countries, what similarities and what differences there may be in the regulations. Particular attention is given to the role of household registration system (hukou) in China in inhibiting the mobility chances for people originating from rural origins. As for social capital, it examines the sources, manifestations and impacts of social networks and civic engagement in the two countries. While formal civic engagement is less developed in China, social networks (guanxi) may be more developed in that country. Close attention will be paid to the role of the political institutions in the first regard and the instrumental roles of networks in promoting or inhibiting social advancement in the second regard. A range of publicly available datasets in the two countries will be used such as Understanding Society and China General Social Survey. It will use a range of descriptive and modelling techniques. Various dissemination activities will take place such as presentations at the international sociology conferences and in China.

This is the replication package for "Like Father Like Son? Intergenerational Immobility in England, 1851-1911" in the Journal of Economic History.Abstract of the paper:This paper uses a new linked sample constructed from full-count census data of 1851-1911 to revise estimates of intergenerational occupational mobility in England. I find that conventional estimates of intergenerational elasticities are attenuated by classical measurement error and severely underestimate the extent of father-son association in socioeconomic status. Instrumenting one measure of the father’s outcome with a second measure of the father’s outcome raises the intergenerational elasticities (β) of occupational status from 0.4 to 0.6-0.7. Victorian England was therefore a society of limited social mobility. The long-run evolution and international comparisons of social mobility in England are discussed.

The COVID Social Mobility & Opportunities study (COSMO) is a national cohort study of more than 12,000 young people from across England, who were in Year 11 in the academic year 2020-21.The study aims to examine the short-, medium- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational inequality and social mobility.Data collectionThere have been two waves of data collection so far.Wave 1 and Wave 2 data are now available via UK Data Service. To learn more about the COSMO study design and data collection please visit the COSMO study website.Who funds the study?COSMO is a partnership between the UCL Centre for Education Policy & Equalising Opportunities (CEPEO), the Sutton Trust, and CLS, with CLS providing expertise on design and management of longitudinal studies.Wave 1 (begun in 2021) was funded by UK Research and Innovation as part of its COVID-19 rapid response fund. Wave 2 (begun in 2022) was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council.Fieldwork is being carried out by Verian (previously Kantar Public).Data from Wave 2 of the COVID Social Mobility and Opportunities (COSMO) study is now available to researchers interested in exploring how COVID-19 and the cost of living crisis has affected the lives of 17–18-year-olds across England.Nearly two fifths of 17-18 year olds from the most disadvantaged areas have struggled to receive the mental health support they need in the past year, according to new COSMO study research.Explore the latest findings and news on the COSMO website.COSMO is the largest study of its kind into the unequal effects of COVID-19 on a generation of young people.The study aims to capture the extent to which the pandemic shaped educational trajectories, and how this varies across different groups.When the pandemic hit the UK in 2020, Year 11 pupils were beginning to make important decisions about their futures. They subsequently faced two years of serious disruption to their education, including the ultimate cancellation of their GCSEs.The upheaval was unprecedented, with the consequences felt more deeply by those from disadvantaged backgrounds.Initial findings from COSMO are already providing valuable outputs about the differential effects of the pandemic. This will continue as young people transition to higher education and the labour market.COSMO uses an area-stratified random probability sample from the National Pupil Database, with additional independent school sampling, successfully recruiting more than 13,000 young people who were in Year 11 in 2020-21. The study oversampled young people from disadvantaged, ethnic minority and other often-excluded groups to ensure it reflects the full range of experiences of the pandemic.Wave 1 data collection involved web-first fieldwork (initial invite to an online survey, with targeted face-to-face follow up) with young people and parents.Wave 2 also followed a web-first approach with young people and parents, with face-to-face, telephone and further online follow-up. It was completed in April 2023. All young people who took part in Wave 1 (along with their main parent) were invited to take part in Wave 2.A proposed Wave 3 of the study is planned subject to availability of funding.The study covers how the disruption to schooling during the pandemic has affected young people’s educational attainment and wellbeing, as well as their longer-term educational and career outcomes.In Wave 1, topics covered across questionnaires included:In Wave 2, the emphasis shifted towards different paths young people might be taking, covering:A consultation on the content of Wave 2 was carried out in February 2022. For more information about the consultation, visit the COSMO website.Study partner Sutton Trust has commissioned an additional sample of young people from disadvantaged backgrounds who showed academic potential before the pandemic, to look in more depth at the impact on their chances for social mobility.The study has been designed for linkage to administrative data from the National Pupil Database, the Longitudinal Educational Outcomes (LEO) dataset, as well as other sources, such as:Researchers can access Wave 1 and Wave 2 COSMO data and documentation through the UK Data Service.To learn more about the COSMO study design and data collection please visit the COSMO study website. Jake’s research focuses on better understanding the causes and consequences of educational inequalities, evaluating policies and programmes aiming to reduce these inequalities, and how best to do this evaluation. In addition to leading the COSMO study, Jake’s other work includes research projects for multiple UK government departments, such as work for the Department for Education into the transition from education into work, as well as leading multiple randomised evaluations, such as Education Endowment Foundation-funded work focused on improving teachers’ use of formative assessment. His doctoral research consisted of three linked studies considering aspects of socio-economic inequality in access to higher education in England, considering both the point of entry to university but also its precursors.Find the latest developments and insights from across all our longitudinal studies.The CLS Bibliography is a searchable database of published work based on our cohort studies. Search by keyword, author, date range and journal.Data from our studies are mainly available through the UK Data Service. We run training to support researchers who are interested in using our studies in their work. Centre for Longitudinal Studies UCL Social Research Institute20 Bedford Way London WC1H 0ALEmail: clsdata@ucl.ac.uk

The purpose of this survey was to enquire into patterns of social mobility in England and Wales.

This study supplies experimental statistics on the association between degree attainment (i.e. the proportion of first degree qualifiers awarded a first or upper second class) and our area-based measure of deprivation across the UK. Social mobility is often viewed as relating to the extent to which an individual’s outcomes (e.g. on the basis of earnings or employment) differ to that of their parents. Improving social mobility continues to be a key policy objective across all nations of the UK, with education seen as one of the potential ways in which this can be achieved. Consequently, this has led to regular statistics being distributed on attainment gaps in primary and secondary education by various measures of deprivation. The evidence consistently illustrates those experiencing greater levels of deprivation display lower levels of attainment, which can inhibit progress in raising social mobility.

This survey was a follow-up to the 1972 national occupational mobility enquiry conducted from Oxford (SN 1097). Several sub-samples of respondents to the 1972 enquiry were selected on the basis of their mobility experience: i.e. either because they had experienced relatively long-range mobility, upward or downward; or because intergenerationally they had remained stable in class position.
These sub-samples were re-interviewed with the aim of collecting data on (i) their complete work histories and (ii) various aspects of their social lives outside of work, e.g. kinship relations, leisure activities and associates, friendship patterns, and participation in voluntary associations.
On the basis of these data it became possible to investigate (i) the way in which intergenerational class mobility is mediated through worklife movement; and (ii) how far class mobility is associated with more general discontinuities in social life.

Addressing the under-researched issue of weapon tolerance, the paper examines factors behind male knife and gun tolerance across four different cultures, seeking to rank them in terms of predictive power and shed light on relations between them. To this end, four regression and structural equation modelling analyses were conducted using samples from the US (n = 189), India (n = 196), England (n = 107) and Poland (n = 375). Each sample of male participants indicated their standing on several dimensions (i.e., predictors) derived from theory and related research (i.e., Psychoticism, Need for Respect, Aggressive Masculinity, Belief in Social Mobility and Doubt in Authority). All four regression models were statistically significant. The knife tolerance predictors were: Aggressive Masculinity (positive) in the US, Poland and England, Belief in Social Mobility (negative) in the US and England, Need for Respect (positive) in India and Psychoticism (positive) in Poland. The gun tolerance predictors were: Psychoticism (positive) in the US, India and Poland, Aggressive Masculinity (positive) in the US, England and Poland, and Belief in in Social Mobility (negative) in the US, Belief in Social Mobility (positive) and Doubt in Authority (negative) in Poland. The Structural Equation Weapon Tolerance Model (WTM) suggested an indirect effect for the latent factor Perceived Social Ecological Constraints via its positive relation with the latent factor Saving Face, both knife and gun tolerance were predicted by Psychoticism.