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COVID-19 Lockdowns, Mental Health and Wellbeing in Undergraduate Students,...
- datacatalogue.cessda.eu
- beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk
Updated May 29, 2025
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EmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteGriffiths, A; Harrad, R; Jefferies, L (2025). COVID-19 Lockdowns, Mental Health and Wellbeing in Undergraduate Students, 2020-2022 [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-856719Unique identifierhttps://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-856719Dataset updatedMay 29, 2025Dataset provided bySwansea UniversityAuthorsGriffiths, A; Harrad, R; Jefferies, LTime period coveredJun 25, 2020 - Feb 7, 2022Area coveredUnited KingdomVariables measuredIndividualMeasurement techniqueThe design of the study is a cross-sectional survey. These data were collected via online questionnaire survey (Qualtrics; export attached) distributed at 3 time points (different group of participants at each time point, not repeated measures). We collected data via opportunity sampling from student volunteers. Some of these were collected via our institutional 'participant pool', where students receive credits for participating in studies, and others were collected via advertising on social media etc. The participants were Higher Education students aged 18+ at any UK institution at the time of study entry (including both undergraduate and postgraduate students). There were no other inclusion/ exclusion criteria.DescriptionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on mental health; because students are particularly vulnerable to loneliness, isolation, stress and unhealthy lifestyle choices, their mental health and wellbeing may potentially be more severely impacted by lockdown measures than the general population. This study assessed the mental health and wellbeing of UK undergraduate students during and after the lockdowns associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected via online questionnaire at 3 time points – during the latter part of the first wave of the pandemic (spring/summer 2020; n=46) while stringent lockdown measures were still in place but gradually being relaxed; during the second wave of the pandemic (winter 2020-21; n=86) while local lockdowns were in place across the UK; and during the winter of 2021-22 (n=77), when infection rates were high but no lockdown measures were in place. Stress was found to most strongly predict wellbeing and mental health measures during the two pandemic waves. Other substantial predictors were diet quality and intolerance of uncertainty. Positive wellbeing was the least well accounted for of our outcome variables. Conversely, we found that depression and anxiety were higher during winter 2021-22 (no lockdowns) than winter 2020-21 (under lockdown). This may be due to the high rates of infection over that period and the effects of COVID-19 infection itself on mental health. This suggests that, as significant as the effects of lockdowns were on the wellbeing of the nation, not implementing lockdown measures could potentially have been even more detrimental for mental health.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) patients in hospital in the United Kingdom (UK) 2022
- statista.com
Updated Dec 20, 2023ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteJuliette Gagliardi (2023). Coronavirus (COVID-19) patients in hospital in the United Kingdom (UK) 2022 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/topics/6112/coronavirus-covid-19-in-the-uk/Dataset updatedDec 20, 2023AuthorsJuliette GagliardiArea coveredUnited KingdomDescriptionAs of October 6, 2022, 11,641 confirmed COVID-19 patients were in hospital in the United Kingdom. The number of COVID patients in hospitals first peaked at over 21.6 thousand on April 12, 2020 and dropped as low as 772 on September 11, 2020. However, the number of patients reached a new peak in the winter of 2020/21 with over 39.2 thousand patients in hospital on January 18, 2021.
The total number of cases in the UK can be found here. For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.
Vocational and other qualifications quarterly: April to June 2021
- gov.uk
Updated Sep 16, 2021+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteOfqual (2021). Vocational and other qualifications quarterly: April to June 2021 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/vocational-and-other-qualifications-quarterly-april-to-june-2021Dataset updatedSep 16, 2021AuthorsOfqualDescriptionMain trends for quarter 2 (April to June) 2021
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Many assessments were cancelled, delayed or had revised assessment arrangements in 2020 and 2021 due to the measures put in place in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (please see the background notes for more information). The trends seen in this quarter may have been affected as a result.
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The number of certificates awarded in 2021 quarter 2 was just over 933,000 certificates, a 135% increase from quarter 2 of 2020. This has also meant that the number of certificates issued in the 12 months leading to the end of quarter 2 2021 has also increased relative to the number certificates issued in the 12 months leading to the end of quarter 1 2021. This is the first time there has been an increase in these figures since quarter 1 2019. The beginning of quarter 2 in 2020 coincided with the start of the first period of full lockdown due to the pandemic, whereas by quarter 2 in 2021, most schools, colleges and training providers had opened up following the third lockdown of winter 2021 which likely explains the increase in the number of certificates issued.
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There was an increase in the number of certificates awarded for all qualification levels between quarter 2 of 2020 and quarter 2 of 2021, with the largest increase in numbers being for Level 2 qualifications (from 139,345 certificates in quarter 2 of 2020 to 319,895 certificates in quarter 2 of 2021, an increase of 130%).
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Quarter 2 of 2021 saw increases in the number of certificates awarded for all but one sector subject area. The largest increase was seen for Health, Public Services, and Social Care, which saw an increase from 84,820 certificates in quarter 2 of 2020 to 228,850 certificates in quarter 2 of 2021 (an increase of 170%). The increase for this sector may reflect that training and assessment was better able to take place in quarter 2 2021 than for quarter 2 2020 as lockdown was lifting and greater protection was in place from COVID-19 for Learners and those living and working in settings within the Health and Social Care sector. Only History, Philosophy, and Theology saw a drop in certificates from quarter 2 of 2020, dropping from 4,115 certificates to 1,395 in quarter 2 of 2021, a decrease of 66%.
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The qualification with the highest number of certificates was the FAA Level 3 Award in Emergency First Aid at Work, up from 1,635 certificates in quarter 2 of 2020 to 20,255 certificates in quarter 2 of 2021 (an increase of 1,139%). Training and assessment in close contact sectors such as first aid is likely to have been much more possible in quarter 2 2021 with the lifting of lockdown, the onset of the vaccination programme and other measures than compared to quarter 2 of 2020.
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The awarding organisation with the highest number of certificates issued in this quarter was City and Guilds, followed by NCFE and Pearson. Over the whole year, Pearson had the highest number of certificates issued, followed by City and Guilds and NCFE.
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In quarter 2 2021, City and Guilds saw a 92% increase in the number of certificates awarded (up 62,510) compared to quarter 2 2020. NCFE and Pearson saw a 55% and 141% increase in the number of certificates compared to quarter 2 2020 respectively.
Datasets
The dataset used to produce this release is available separately.
Statistics collection
All our published vocational and other qualifications publications are available as part of the collection for vocational qualifications statistics.
User feedback
We welcome your feedback on our publications. Should you have any comments on this statistical release and how to improve it to meet your needs please contact us at data.analytics@ofqual.gov.uk.
E-commerce Beer, Wine, and Spirits (BWS) sales growth UK 2021-2022
- statista.com
Updated Jul 4, 2025ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteStatista (2025). E-commerce Beer, Wine, and Spirits (BWS) sales growth UK 2021-2022 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1341877/online-beer-wine-and-spirits-sales-growth-uk/Dataset updatedJul 4, 2025Time period coveredJan 2021 - Jun 2022Area coveredUnited KingdomDescriptionWhile the online Beer, Wine, and Spirits (BWS) industry in the United Kingdom experienced year-over-year revenue increases reaching a whopping 143 percent in January 2021 in the midst of the coronavirus lockdown, growth was not sustained beyond the pandemic winter. In 2022, persistently negative growth loomed over the sector, with online alcohol sales witnessing an 18 percent sales decline by June 2022.
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FacebookTwitterEmailCOVID-19 Lockdowns, Mental Health and Wellbeing in Undergraduate Students, 2020-2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on mental health; because students are particularly vulnerable to loneliness, isolation, stress and unhealthy lifestyle choices, their mental health and wellbeing may potentially be more severely impacted by lockdown measures than the general population. This study assessed the mental health and wellbeing of UK undergraduate students during and after the lockdowns associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected via online questionnaire at 3 time points – during the latter part of the first wave of the pandemic (spring/summer 2020; n=46) while stringent lockdown measures were still in place but gradually being relaxed; during the second wave of the pandemic (winter 2020-21; n=86) while local lockdowns were in place across the UK; and during the winter of 2021-22 (n=77), when infection rates were high but no lockdown measures were in place. Stress was found to most strongly predict wellbeing and mental health measures during the two pandemic waves. Other substantial predictors were diet quality and intolerance of uncertainty. Positive wellbeing was the least well accounted for of our outcome variables. Conversely, we found that depression and anxiety were higher during winter 2021-22 (no lockdowns) than winter 2020-21 (under lockdown). This may be due to the high rates of infection over that period and the effects of COVID-19 infection itself on mental health. This suggests that, as significant as the effects of lockdowns were on the wellbeing of the nation, not implementing lockdown measures could potentially have been even more detrimental for mental health.