Among the respondents in Russia, the lowest level of public support toward the actions of Russian military forces in Ukraine was recorded among the population aged 18 to 24 years, at around 66 percent in April 2025. In the age group of 55 years and above, that share stood at over 80 percent. Russian forces invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Overall, eight out of ten Russians supported the military actions.

Among the sanctions that Western countries imposed on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the ones whose impact was felt the most by the population were the inability to use Visa and MasterCard cards abroad and the ban on high-tech equipment and electronics exports into Russia, according to a survey conducted in March 2022. Furthermore, 15 percent of respondents believed the withdrawal of international companies from the country's market would have the most significant impact on them and their families.

Russia launched its armed aggression against Ukraine in February 2014, seizing Crimea and subsequently occupying parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine. On February 24, 2022, Russia started a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on multiple fronts, deploying troops and shelling Ukrainian cities and infrastructure. As of the end of 2023 the war against Ukraine is still ongoing and its outcome is unknown. At different stages of the war, KIIS has studied the public opinion of the Ukrainian population regarding Russian aggression. It included surveys on people's attitudes towards the annexation of Crimea, and Ukraine's countermeasures in Eastern Ukraine (Anti-Terrorist Operation, ATO) covering the period from 2014 to 2018. Since 2022, public opinion polls have asked questions regarding people's feelings and opinions about the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, perceptions of the government's actions, readiness for concessions / compromises to end the war, etc. Data from individual surveys for the period 2014-2023 (14 in total) were combined into a merged dataset. Each of these polls is representative of the Ukraine's adult population (aged 18 and older), and typically includes about 2,000 respondents. The background information includes respondents' socio-demographic profiles (gender, age, education, nationality, occupation, self-assessment of financial situation) and place of residence (oblast, type of settlement). These data provide a snapshot of public opinion of the Ukrainian population on some aspects of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Some questions are repeated, which makes it possible to track changes in opinions over time.

As of January 1, 2022, the number of people younger than 18 years in Ukraine was approximately *** million. The adult population aged 18 years and older amounted to **** million, representing around ** percent of the total inhabitants. Over ** million people, or ** percent of all residents, were aged 60 years and older. What is the population of Ukraine? Ukraine is the eighth-most populated country in Europe, ranking between Poland and Romania by the number of inhabitants. In 2023, an estimated ** million people resided in Ukraine, down approximately **** million from two years prior. The population size has decreased significantly during the Russian invasion, as millions of refugees fled to other countries. Demographics of Ukraine The number of women in Ukraine exceeded that of men by approximately ***** million as of January 1, 2022. At that point, the country’s male population stood at approximately ** million. Over the past two decades, it decreased by over ***** million. The majority, or ***** out of ten Ukrainian residents, lived in cities. Both the urban and rural population saw a decline in the past 20 years.

Russia RU: Total Population data was reported at 145,845.591 Person th in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 146,459.802 Person th for 2020. Russia RU: Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 145,976.470 Person th from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 148,538.190 Person th in 1992 and a record low of 139,221.500 Person th in 1981. Russia RU: Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.OECD.MSTI: Population, Labour Force and Employment: Non OECD Member: Annual.

In response to Russia's large-scale aggression against Ukraine, the OECD Council decided on 8 March 2022 to immediately suspend the participation of Russia and Belarus in OECD bodies. In view of this decision, the OECD suspended its solicitation of official statistics on R&D from Russian authorities, leading to the absence of more recent R&D statistics for this country in the OECD database. Previously collected and compiled indicators are still available.

The business enterprise sector includes all organisations and enterprises whose main activity is connected with the production of goods and services for sale, including those owned by the state, and private non-profit institutions serving the above-mentioned organisations. In practice however, R&D performed in this sector is carried out mostly by industrial research institutes other than enterprises. This particularity reflects the traditional organisation of Russian R&D.

Headcount data include full-time personnel only, and hence are underestimated, while data in full-time equivalents (FTE) are calculated on the basis of both full-time and part-time personnel. This explains why the FTE data are greater than the headcount data.

New budgetary procedures introduced in 2005 have resulted in items previously classified as GBARD being attributed to other headings and have affected the coverage and breakdown by socio-economic objective.

Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Male: Economically Active Population data was reported at 8,755.200 Person th in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8,889.100 Person th for 2020. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Male: Economically Active Population data is updated yearly, averaging 10,809.350 Person th from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2021, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,119.700 Person th in 2008 and a record low of 8,755.200 Person th in 2021. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Male: Economically Active Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G010: Labour Force: Annual. Data release delayed due to the Ukraine-Russia conflict. No estimation on next release date can be made.
Economically active population comprises all population aged 15–70 of either sex who during reporting period performed the work related to the production of goods and services.

Ukraine UA: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data was reported at 1.063 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.064 Ratio for 2015. Ukraine UA: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data is updated yearly, averaging 1.063 Ratio from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.066 Ratio in 2012 and a record low of 1.052 Ratio in 1977. Ukraine UA: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births. The data are 5 year averages.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Weighted average;

The share of returnees in the Ukrainian population has declined in recent months. As of December 2024, over 13 percent of the country's inhabitants were returnees from abroad, while over 11 percent were internally displaced persons (IDPs).

Context

On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War that began in 2014. The invasion caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II, with more than 6.3 million Ukrainians fleeing the country and a third of the population displaced (Source: Wikipedia).

Content

This dataset is a collection of 407 news articles from NYT and Guardians related to ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The publishing date of articles ranges from Feb 1st, 2022 to Jul 31st, 2022.

What you can do?

Here are some ideas to explore:

• Discourse analysis of Russia-Ukraine conflict (How the war has evolved over months?)
• Identify most talked about issues (refugees, food, weapons, fuel, etc.)
• Extract sentiment of articles for both Russia and Ukraine
• Which world leaders have tried to become mediators?
• Number of supporting countries for both Russia and Ukraine
• Map how NATO alliance has been affected by the war

I am looking forward to see your work and ideas and will keep adding more ideas to explore.

"Opinions and Views of the Population of Ukraine" is a regular omnibus survey, conducted by Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) among Ukraine's adult population and covering a wide range of topics. The data presented here is a subset of the survey conducted in February 2024 and include KIIS's own research questions. The questions cover the following topics: readiness for concessions for peace; perceptions of Russia, its people, and leadership; sources of information; perceptions of the war between Russia and Ukraine; views on Western support for Ukraine; factors contributing to Ukraine's success in the war; perceptions of recent investigations into large businesses and businessmen in Ukraine; state control over online information; state policy on the Russian language in Ukraine; the level of democracy in Ukraine; opportunities for personal success; and favorite national holidays. Data collection took place from February 17 to 28, 2024. Some of the survey questions were asked to all respondents (n=2,008), while others were directed to a sub-sample of 1,052 respondents. The data is available in an SAV format (Ukrainian, English) and a converted CSV format (with a codebook). The Data Documentation (pdf file) also includes a short overview and discussion of survey results as well as the relevant parts of the original questionnaire.

Since 2008, KIIS has been tracking public opinion in Ukraine regarding Russia by asking the question 'What is your general attitude towards Russia now?' with a 4-point scale from 'very good' to 'very bad.' To gain a deeper understanding of the situation, every few years the surveys also included additional questions about attitudes towards Russians (residents of Russia) and the Russian leadership. Each survey wave in Ukraine was carried out on a sample representative of Ukraine's adult population (aged 18 and older), with an average sample size of about 2,000 respondents. The merged dataset contains data from 49 waves of the survey conducted in Ukraine from 2008 to 2022 with a total of 98,575 respondents. The background information includes respondents' socio-demographic profiles (gender, age, education, nationality, occupation, self-assessment of financial situation) and place of residence (oblast, type of settlement). These data enable tracking Ukrainian public opinion regarding Russia for the period of 14 years, from 2008 to 2022, both among the population as a whole and among its different subpopulations. This monitoring of public opinion in Ukraine on Russia is a part of a joint project with the Levada Center, which simultaneously tracked public opinion in Russia on Ukraine, using the same question wording. However, only the data from the polls conducted in Ukraine are presented in this data collection.

This is a collection that contains code and dataframes of a study that investigates the well-being trend of Ukrainian and Russian populations and the global reputation of Russian leadership following the 2022 invasion. The synthetic analytic datasets in this data collection are provided solely for study replication and should not be used for other purposes.

Ukraine Labour Force: 15 to 70 Years: Economically Active Population: Year to Date data was reported at 17,321.600 Person th in Dec 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17,394.600 Person th for Sep 2021. Ukraine Labour Force: 15 to 70 Years: Economically Active Population: Year to Date data is updated quarterly, averaging 21,912.250 Person th from Mar 2005 (Median) to Dec 2021, with 68 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,605.100 Person th in Sep 2008 and a record low of 17,228.800 Person th in Mar 2021. Ukraine Labour Force: 15 to 70 Years: Economically Active Population: Year to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G009: Labour Force. Data release delayed due to the Ukraine-Russia conflict. No estimation on next release date can be made.
Economically active population comprises all population aged 15–70 of either sex who during reporting period performed the work related to the production of goods and services.

KIIS monitors the geopolitical preferences of the Ukrainian population by asking respondents about their readiness to act in a certain way (vote for, against, or not to participate in the vote) in a hypothetical situation, namely, if a referendum on Ukraine's accession to the European Union, NATO, the Union with Russia and Belarus, or the Customs Union (with Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan) were held now. In addition to these questions, some polls also ask respondents which direction of foreign policy they consider more preferable, with the options "accession to the European Union", "accession to the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan" and "not joining either the European Union or the Customs Union". This wording of the question enables evaluating the broader attitudes of the population regarding the geopolitical direction without requiring a definitive choice (such as voting for or against a specific option). Each survey wave was carried out on a sample representative of Ukraine's adult population (aged 18 and older), with an average sample size of about 2,000 respondents. In order to facilitate the analysis, the data collected for the period 2005-2022 was combined into one data set, including 31 polls with a total of 62,911 respondents. The background information includes respondents' socio-demographic profiles (gender, age, education, nationality, occupation, self-assessment of financial situation) and place of residence (oblast, type of settlement). These data enable tracking Ukrainian public opinion on the desired course of the Ukraine's foreign policy for the period of 17 years, from 2005 to 2022, both among the population as a whole and among its different subpopulations.

Conducting social science research during an active war raises distinct challenges. To investigate the relationship between both coverage and social desirability bias, we carry out a multi-mode study (web, telephone) with two independently drawn samples of the Ukrainian population during Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in the summer of 2022. We employ identical demographic and behavioral questions in both surveys and pre-register a framing experiment to investigate reported differences in volunteering activities between modes. Observationally, we find that because web studies cannot reach the oldest and most rural Ukrainians, they likely contain much more significant coverage bias with respect to war-related demographic variables compared to the telephone sample. Experimentally, consistent with other studies that report greater social desirability bias in interviewer-mediated models, we find evidence of inflation in reporting volunteering activities only in the telephone survey. Our results demonstrate that, given modern survey techniques, wartime attitudes and behavior in Ukraine can be reliably measured, but there is a trade-off in survey modes between coverage bias and social desirability bias.

Over 1.2 million refugees from Ukraine due to the Russian invasion fled to Germany as of April 2025. Furthermore, the second-highest number was recorded in Poland. In total, around 5.1 million Ukrainian refugees were registered across Europe and 5.6 million worldwide as of May 2025. Most of them fled the country by crossing the border with Poland. Ukrainian refugees in Germany The first increases in the number of Ukrainian refugees in Germany were registered in March and April 2022. The figure exceeded one million refugees in September of that year. Germany had the highest monthly financial allowance for Ukrainians who fled the war compared to other European countries as of June 2022. Temporary protection for Ukrainian refugees in the EU European Union (EU) members implemented the Temporary Protection Directive (TPD), which guaranteed access to accommodation, welfare, and healthcare to refugees from Ukraine. People fleeing the war had a right to a residence permit in the EU, enter the labor market, and enroll children in educational institutions. The protection is granted until March 4, 2026, but it can be extended in the future depending on the situation in the country.

"Opinions and Views of the Population of Ukraine" is a regular omnibus survey, conducted by Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) among Ukraine's adult population and covering a wide range of topics. The data presented here is a subset of the survey conducted in May 2024 and include KIIS's own research questions. Questions included are: readiness for concessions for peace, views on Ukraine's relationship with Russia, perceptions of the war between Russia and Ukraine, views on security agreements, perceptions of Ukrainian society's unity, attitudes toward criticism of the government, attitudes toward the legalization of medical cannabis, and perceptions of Ukraine's statehood during the Soviet era. Data collection took place from May 16 to 22, 2024, with 1,067 respondents interviewed. The data is available in an SAV format (Ukrainian, English) and a converted CSV format (with a codebook). The Data Documentation (pdf file) also includes a short overview and discussion of survey results as well as the relevant parts of the original questionnaire.

ContextThe last decade witnessed growing differences in abortion dynamics in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine despite demographic, social, and historical similarities of these nations. This paper investigates changes in birth control practices in the three countries and searches for an explanation of the diverging trends in abortion. MethodsOfficial abortion and contraceptive use statistics, provided by national statistical agencies, were analysed. Respective laws and other legal documents were examined and compared between the three countries. To disclose inter-country differences in prevalence of the modern methods of contraception and its association with major demographic and social factors, an analysis of data from national sample surveys was performed, including binary logistic regression. ResultsThe growing gap in abortion rate in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine is a genuine phenomenon, not a statistical artefact. The examination of abortion and prevalence of contraception based on official statistics and three national sample surveys did not reveal any unambiguous factors that could explain differences in abortion dynamics in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. However, it is very likely that the cause of the inter-country discrepancies lies in contraceptive behavior itself, in adequacies of contraceptive knowledge and practices. Additionally, large differences in government policies, which are very important in shaping contraceptive practices of the population, were detected. ConclusionSince the end of the 1990s, the Russian government switched to archaic ideology in the area of reproductive health and family planning and neglects evidence-based arguments. Such an extreme turn in the governmental position is not observed in Belarus or Ukraine. This is an important factor contributing to the slowdown in the decrease of abortion rates in Russia.

This dataset contains data from the experiment and python code for the project titled “Love or politics? Political views regarding the war in Ukraine in an online dating experiment”.

Paper abstract: Political views affect various behaviors, including relationship formation. This study conducts a field experiment on a large Russian dating site and gathers data from over 3,000 profile evaluations. The findings reveal significant penalties for those who express pro-war or anti-war positions on their dating profiles. Age emerges as the most polarizing factor: younger individuals are less likely to approach pro-war profiles but not anti-war ones, whereas older individuals are less likely to respond positively to profiles indicating anti-war views but not pro-war ones. The results align with survey evidence of a positive relationship between respondents' age and expressed support for the war in Russia, although the experiment indicates a higher degree of polarization. Overall, the experimental findings demonstrate that survey data can reveal trends and relationships between individuals' characteristics and their opinions, but may overstate the levels of support for government agendas in non-democratic states.

The experiment was conducted in October - November, 2022, on a large online dating site in Russia in three Russian regions: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Sverdlovskaya oblast. There are three separate data files, one for each region. Each file contains information on dating site users that have been liked by and/or have viewed the experimental profiles.

File ExperimentDataMainLikedUsers.csv contains data on the main sample of liked users. The hair color of these users was recorded from profile photos whenever possible. Weights have also been added to enable analysis with adjustment for differences in age distribution between dating site users and a subset of the Russian population that shares similar observable characteristics.

The folder also contains python code for data analysis.

The description of the study is available at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/120731/

Since the early 1990s, KIIS has systematically polled the question "How would you like to see Ukraine's relations with Russia?" to estimate Ukrainian preferences regarding these relations. The answer options provided to respondents were: "They should be the same as with other states - with closed borders, visas, customs"; "Ukraine and Russia should be independent but friendly states - with open borders, no visas, and no customs"; "Ukraine and Russia should unite into one state." Each survey wave was carried out on a sample representative of the Ukraine's adult population (aged 18 and older), with an average sample size of about 2,000 respondents. To facilitate analysis, the results of the individual survey waves from 1993 to 2023 were merged into a single dataset, including 82 polls with a total of 166,314 respondents. The background information includes respondents' socio-demographic profiles (gender, age, education, nationality, occupation, self-assessment of financial situation) and place of residence (oblast, type of settlement). These data enable tracking Ukrainian public opinion on what the relationship between the Ukraine and Russia should be like, from Ukraine's independence to the 2023, both among the population as a whole and among its different subpopulations.