Over 1.2 million refugees from Ukraine due to the Russian invasion fled to Germany as of April 2025. Furthermore, the second-highest number was recorded in Poland. In total, around 5.1 million Ukrainian refugees were registered across Europe and 5.6 million worldwide as of May 2025. Most of them fled the country by crossing the border with Poland. Ukrainian refugees in Germany The first increases in the number of Ukrainian refugees in Germany were registered in March and April 2022. The figure exceeded one million refugees in September of that year. Germany had the highest monthly financial allowance for Ukrainians who fled the war compared to other European countries as of June 2022. Temporary protection for Ukrainian refugees in the EU European Union (EU) members implemented the Temporary Protection Directive (TPD), which guaranteed access to accommodation, welfare, and healthcare to refugees from Ukraine. People fleeing the war had a right to a residence permit in the EU, enter the labor market, and enroll children in educational institutions. The protection is granted until March 4, 2026, but it can be extended in the future depending on the situation in the country.

Slightly over a year after the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, four percent of people surveyed in Canada reported having sponsored or assisted a refugee or refugee family from Ukraine. This figure was five times higher among Canadians who voted for the Green Party in the 2021 federal election, while only one percent of People's Party sympathizers said they had done the same. More information on the Russia-Ukraine war can be found here.

At the end of January 2022, more than two-thirds of people in Canada believed that Ukraine should be allowed to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) if it wanted to. However, it appears that this opinion differs depending on the age of those surveyed. Three-quarters of those over 55 thought Ukraine should be allowed to join NATO, compared with 61 percent of those aged 18-34. People under 55 were also the most likely to not know or not be able to provide an answer. Many Canadians are concerned that the Russia-Ukraine war could lead to a major conflict between Russia and western allies.

Estonia donated the most significant percentage of its 2021 gross domestic product (GDP) to help Ukraine over the period between January 24, 2022, and February 28, 2025. Estonia contributed 2.34 percent of its GDP in bilateral aid, followed by Denmark with 2.32 percent of GDP. Besides the Nordic and Baltic countries, Poland donated the largest share of GDP. Western countries sent aid to Ukraine in view of the Russian invasion that began in February 2022. Who donated the most to Ukraine? In absolute terms, the largest bilateral aid allocations to Ukraine were made by the United States, at over 114 billion euros as of February 28, 2025. European Union (EU) institutions, such as the European Commission and the European Council, allocated the second-largest amount of assistance, at almost 52.1 billion euros. The United Kingdom (UK) was the fourth-leading source of bilateral aid. EU aid to Ukraine The EU has supported Ukraine with over 17 billion euros in financial assistance since 2014 as of January 2022. Of them, the largest share of aid has been provided as additional loans from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Among EU members, Germany allocated the largest amount of bilateral aid to Ukraine from January 24, 2022, at around 17 billion euros, while Estonia allocated the largest share of GDP.

Year refers to the first year in official trials. Empty cells: year unknown. ID refers to ID in PCA-plot (Figure 4). NG refers to no genotype data.*Breeders varieties and lines have not been assigned accession number. Seeds are available from breeders on request. Some varieties were obtained from IPK gene bank (Gene bank Information System of the IPK Gatersleben) and accession-ID is given in brackets.ASpring variety.

According to a survey of citizens in G7 member states (U.S. ,U.K., France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Japan) approximately 68 percent of citizens in Germany thought that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine marked a turning point for their country’s foreign policy. In six out of the seven G7 countries, a majority of people agreed that the invasion marked a watershed moment, with Canada having a plurality of people who thought this way, at 47 percent of respondents.