The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Digital Economy Database is a specialized data repository that provides global, regional, and country-level statistics and indicators on the digital economy, particularly in developing countries. It supports analysis and policymaking around e-commerce, digital trade, ICT infrastructure, and the broader digital transformation. Data sets include International merchandise trade, International trade in services, Foreign direct investment (FDI), Economic trends, Commodities, Maritime transport, Digital economy, and Population and labor force. Key tools include the UNCTADstat database, Country Profiles, and Nowcasts for real-time global trade and economic growth estimates. UNCTAD's datasets are widely used by policymakers, researchers, and organizations to analyze global trade dynamics, assess development progress, and formulate evidence-based policies. This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

United States US: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 9.663 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.439 % for 2015. United States US: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 10.708 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.048 % in 2000 and a record low of 8.877 % in 2013. United States US: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

International Imports in digitally-deliverable services. Values expressed in million current USD. Sources: UNCTAD estimates, based on UNCTAD-WTO common data set on international trade in services. For more details see: https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre/reportInfo/US.DigitallyDeliverableServices

United States US: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data was reported at 14.055 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 13.781 % for 2015. United States US: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 13.781 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.656 % in 2000 and a record low of 11.836 % in 2008. United States US: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

This map is part of SDGs Today. Please see sdgstoday.orgForeign direct investment (FDI) is defined as an investment reflecting a lasting interest and control by a foreign direct investor, resident in one economy, in an enterprise resident in another economy (foreign affiliate). FDI is the most important source of external finance for developing countries. Its importance for development is essential, even if it does not necessarily constitute a panacea. The effects of FDI on development often depend on the initial conditions prevailing in the recipient countries, on the investment strategies of transnational corporations (TNCs) and on host government policies. Governments, therefore, cannot be passive and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) strives to support its member States attracting and benefitting from it. UNCTAD first estimated investment requirements for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2014. The Organization highlighted the need for private investment, including international investment, to supplement public and domestic investment in order to bridge the financing gap. UNCTAD also proposes a set of recommendations to mobilize and channel private investment towards the SDGs and ensure their positive impact on sustainable development. Sound FDI data is an essential tool for research and policy analysis, and a basis for policy formulation, implementation, and assessment. UNCTAD addresses countries’ needs through its analysis and dissemination of FDI statistics, including through its annual flagship World Investment Report and quarterly Global Investment Trends Monitors, enhancing the capacity of government agencies to collect and report FDI and TNC data, conducting leading-edge policy analysis and providing technical assistance.For more information, contact diaeinfo@unctad.org.

UN Trade and Development Activity File

The liner shipping connectivity index (LSCI) indicates a country's integration level into global liner shipping networks. The LSCI is an index set at 100 for the maximum value of country connectivity in the first quarter (Q1) of 2006, which was China.

For further details, please refer to https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre/reportInfo/US.LSCI

This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

Antigua and Barbuda AG: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 0.700 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.240 % for 2018. Antigua and Barbuda AG: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 4.755 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 39.060 % in 2000 and a record low of 0.700 % in 2019. Antigua and Barbuda AG: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Antigua and Barbuda – Table AG.World Bank.WDI: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).;United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.;Weighted average;

Overview of the status of adoption of e-commerce legislation in Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) based on UNCTAD worldwide summary.

Find more Pacific data on PDH.stat.

We provide the data used for this research in both Excel (one file with one matrix per sheet, 'Allmatrices.xlsx'), and CSV (one file per matrix).

Patent applications (Patent_applications.csv) Patent applications from residents and no residents per million inhabitants. Data obtained from the World Development Indicators database (World Bank 2020). Normalization by the number of inhabitants was made by the authors.

High-tech exports (High-tech_exports.csv) The proportion of exports of high-level technology manufactures from total exports by technology intensity, obtained from the Trade Structure by Partner, Product or Service-Category database (Lall, 2000; UNCTAD, 2019)

Expenditure on education (Expenditure_on_education.csv) Per capita government expenditure on education, total (2010 US$). The data was obtained from the government expenditure on education (total % of GDP), GDP (constant 2010 US$), and population indicators of the World Development Indicators database (World Bank 2020). Normalization by the number of inhabitants was made by the authors.

Scientific publications (Scientific_publications.csv) Scientific and technical journal articles per million inhabitants. The data were obtained from the scientific and technical journal articles and population indicators of the World Development Indicators database (World Bank 2020). Normalization by the number of inhabitants was made by the authors.

Expenditure on R&D (Expenditure_on_R&D.csv) Expenditure on research and development. Data obtained from the research and development expenditure (% of GDP), GDP (constant 2010 US$), and population indicators of the World Development Indicators database (World Bank 2020). Normalization by the number of inhabitants was made by the authors.

Two centuries of GDP (GDP_two_centuries.csv) GDP per capita that accounts for inflation. Data obtained from the Maddison Project Database, version 2018 (Inklaar et al. 2018), and available from the Open Numbers community (open-numbers.github.io).

Inklaar, R., de Jong, H., Bolt, J., & van Zanden, J. (2018). Rebasing “Maddison”: new income comparisons and the shape of long-run economic development (GD-174; GGDC Research Memorandum). https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/files/53088705/gd174.pdf

Lall, S. (2000). The Technological Structure and Performance of Developing Country Manufactured Exports, 1985‐98. Oxford Development Studies, 28(3), 337–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/713688318

Unctad. 2019. “Trade Structure by Partner, Product or Service-Category.” 2019. https://unctadstat.unctad.org/EN/.

World Bank. (2020). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators

Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 12.532 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.907 % for 2015. Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 12.532 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.259 % in 2000 and a record low of 4.731 % in 2009. Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

France FR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data was reported at 6.667 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.673 % for 2015. France FR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 7.174 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.848 % in 2000 and a record low of 6.209 % in 2014. France FR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Hungary HU: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 11.375 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.624 % for 2015. Hungary HU: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 23.753 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.294 % in 2004 and a record low of 11.375 % in 2016. Hungary HU: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hungary – Table HU.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Laos LA: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data was reported at 7.356 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.616 % for 2015. Laos LA: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 6.102 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2016, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.616 % in 2015 and a record low of 3.173 % in 2012. Laos LA: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Laos – Table LA.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Palau PW: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 3.022 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.582 % for 2015. Palau PW: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 2.302 % from Dec 2012 (Median) to 2016, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.366 % in 2014 and a record low of 0.953 % in 2012. Palau PW: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Palau – Table PW.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 0.030 % in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.030 % for 2021. Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 0.150 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2022, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.430 % in 2002 and a record low of 0.030 % in 2022. Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Argentina – Table AR.World Bank.WDI: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).;United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.;Weighted average;

Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data was reported at 11.516 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.211 % for 2015. Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 11.211 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.608 % in 2001 and a record low of 5.604 % in 2009. Estonia EE: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Norway NO: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 1.112 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.079 % for 2015. Norway NO: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 1.222 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.970 % in 2001 and a record low of 0.794 % in 2012. Norway NO: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

New Caledonia NC: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 0.511 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.228 % for 2014. New Caledonia NC: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 0.207 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.369 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.063 % in 2007. New Caledonia NC: ICT: Goods Exports: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Caledonia – Table NC.World Bank: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).; ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.; Weighted average;

Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data was reported at 7.950 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9.090 % for 2021. Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 8.690 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2022, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.810 % in 2000 and a record low of 3.960 % in 2002. Argentina AR: ICT: Goods Imports: % Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Argentina – Table AR.World Bank.WDI: Telecommunication. Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).;United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.;Weighted average;