Datasets- simple_land_cover1.tif - an example land cover dataset presented in Figures 1 and 2- simple_landform1.tif - an example landform dataset presented in Figures 1 and 2- landcover_europe.tif - a land cover dataset with nine categories for Europe - landcover_europe.qml - a QGIS color style for the landcover_europe.tif dataset- landform_europe.tif - a landform dataset with 17 categories for Europe - landform_europe.qml - a QGIS color style for the landform_europe.tif dataset- map1.gpkg - a map of LTs in Europe constructed using the INCOMA-based method- map1.qml - a QGIS color style for the map1.gpkg dataset- map2.gpkg - a map of LTs in Europe constructed using the COMA method to identify and delineate pattern types in each theme separately- map2.qml - a QGIS color style for the map2.gpkg dataset- map3.gpkg - a map of LTs in Europe constructed using the map overlay method- map3.qml - a QGIS color style for the map3.gpkg dataset

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for French Polynesia in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap data is open data, with a very permissive licence. You can download it and use it for any purpose you like, as long as you credit OpenStreetMap and its contributors. You don't have to pay anyone, or ask anyone's permission. When you download and use the data, you're granted permission to do that under the Open Database Licence (ODbL). The only conditions are that you Attribute, Share-Alike, and Keep open.

The required credit is “© OpenStreetMap contributors”. If you make a map, you should display this credit somewhere. If you provide the data to someone else, you should make sure the license accompanies the data

This dataset contains georeferenced data of forestry roads and sediment connectivity in the Purapel catchment, which drains the Chilean Coastal Range. The forestry road network consists of all the dirt and gravel roads mapped in QGIS by observing open satellite images and vectorial data available during January 2021. The observed data are maps that were listed in the QGIS OpenLayers plugin (https://github.com/sourcepole/qgis-openlayers-plugin), such as Google Satellite (Map data ©2015 Google) and OpenStreetMap 1, the road network of the Chilean Congress National Library (https://www.bcn.cl/siit/mapas_vectoriales) and compositions of Sentinel 2 images (European Space Agency, courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey) of the post-2017 fire period.

Sediment Connectivity maps were calculated on a 5 m resolution LiDAR DTM using the Connectivity Index 2. The maps were derived from the stand-alone, free and open-source executable SedInConnect 2.3 3 using the Weighting factor of 2 and two different targets, which are available as tif files:

ICs.tif contains ICs, the Connectivity Index to the stream network.

ICrs.tif contains ICrs, the Connectivity Index to the road and the stream network.

Here, the Road Connectivity, RC (dimensionless) is defined as the difference between both previous maps, with the aim to describe the change in sediment connectivity due to forestry road network:

RC = ICrs - ICs

It is available as RC.tif file. The area of high RC was defined using the percentile 95 (3.12). File RC95.tif is a mask of RC ≥ 3.12.

The contributing area CA (m2) was calculated using the multiple flow D-infinity approach 4 using TauDEM (https://hydrology.usu.edu/taudem/taudem5/downloads.html).

The file CA_RC95.tif contains the contributing area (m2) of the surfaces with highest changes in sediment connectivity due to the road network. That is:

CA_RC95 = {CA | RC ≥ 3.12}

The landscape distribution of those surfaces, in terms of proximity to the hilltops and valleys, is described by the density plot of the raster file CA_RC95.tif in R:

library("raster") library("ggplot2")

CA_RC95<-raster("CA_RC95.tif") CA_RC95<-CA_RC95*0.0025

df = as.data.frame(CA_RC95) df = na.omit(df)

ggplot(df,aes(CA_RC95)) + geom_histogram(aes(y=..count..*25),binwidth = 50)+ geom_density(aes(y=50 * ..count..*25), col="blue",size=2, adjust=10000)+ xlab("Contributing Area [ha] Hilltop Valley") + ylab("Area [m2]")+ theme(axis.text.x = element_text(face="bold", size=30), plot.title = element_text(color="black", size=40, face="bold",hjust=0.5), axis.title.x=element_text(color="blue", size=40, face="bold"), axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold", size=30), axis.title.y=element_text(color="blue", size=40, face="bold"))+ scale_y_continuous(trans = 'log10')+ ggtitle("Upstream area of surfaces with High Road Connectivity (RC > 3.12)")

Bibliography

1. OpenStreetMap contributors. Planet dump retrieved from https://planet.osm.org. https://www.openstreetmap.org/ (2017).
   

2. Cavalli, M., Trevisani, S., Comiti, F. & Marchi, L. Geomorphometric assessment of spatial sediment connectivity in small Alpine catchments. Geomorphology 188, 31–41 (2013).
   

3.  Crema, S. & Cavalli, M. SedInConnect: a stand-alone, free and open source tool for the assessment of sediment connectivity. Computers and Geosciences 111, 39–45 (2018).
   

4.  Tarboton, D. G. A new method for the determination of flow directions and upslope areas in grid digital elevation models. Water Resources Research 33, 309–319 (1997).
   

A WMS (Web Map Service) is a service that produces maps of spatially referenced data starting from geographic information, and is a technical specification defined by the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). This WMS presents the "Orography" layer of the Bodies' Reference Territorial Data Bank (BDTRE), structured according to the national technical specifications (DPCM 10 November 2011), groups the topic of altimetry with the description of contour lines and elevations, the theme of bathymetry with the description of the bathymetric curves and bathymetric points (seabeds), the theme of the natural forms of the land, i.e. those auxiliary elements for reading the morphology of the territory and the theme of digital terrain models. The contents of this service are divided into the following levels corresponding to the BDTRE classes: - Altimetry - Bathymetry - Landforms - transport works (works such as artefacts but of greater complexity); - soil protection works; - hydraulic works defense and hydraulic regulation. The maps can be viewed using various software (e.g. QGis)

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for 21 Pacific Island Countries, in a GIS-friendly format. The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly and contains data for Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna, Tokelau, American Samoa as well as data on the Pacific region. The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

This theme includes all OpenStreetMap features in this area matching ( Learn what tags means here ) :

tags['waterway'] IS NOT NULL OR tags['water'] IS NOT NULL OR tags['natural'] IN ('water','wetland','bay')

Features may have these attributes:

• name
• name:en
• waterway
• covered
• width
• depth
• layer
• blockage
• tunnel
• natural
• water
• source
• name:fil

This dataset is one of many "https://data.humdata.org/organization/hot">OpenStreetMap exports on HDX. See the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team website for more information.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for the Northern Mariana Islands in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Cook Islands in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Papua New Guinea in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Samoa in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Guam in a GIS-friendly format. The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly. The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Vanuatu in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Solomon Islands in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Tonga in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free, editable map & spatial database of the whole world. This dataset is an extract of OpenStreetMap data for Wallis and Futuna in a GIS-friendly format.

The OSM data has been split into separate layers based on themes (buildings, roads, points of interest, etc), and it comes bundled with a QGIS project and styles, to help you get started with using the data in your maps. This OSM product will be updated weekly.

The goal is to increase awareness among Pacific GIS users of the richness of OpenStreetMap data in Pacific countries, as well as the gaps, so that they can take advantage of this free resource, become interested in contributing to OSM, and perhaps join the global OSM community.