The E-Government Development Index presents the state of E-Government Development of the United Nations Member States. Along with an assessment of the website development patterns in a country, the E-Government Development index incorporates the access characteristics, such as the infrastructure and educational levels, to reflect how a country is using information technologies to promote access and inclusion of its people. The EGDI is a composite measure of three important dimensions of e-government, namely: provision of online services, telecommunication connectivity and human capacity.

In the aftermath of the First World War, the League of Nations was established at the Paris Peace Conference of June 28, 1919, and the Covenant of the League of Nations made up Part I of the Treaty of Versailles. The League came into being on January 10, 1920, with the primary objective of preventing further global conflicts by maintaining international peace and security through diplomacy and negotiation rather than military action, as well as a focus on the protection of human rights and international disarmament. Unfortunately for the League, the U.S. Congress refused to join (despite President Wilson being the leading architect behind the League's founding), while the other Great Powers (Britain, France, Italy, and Japan) were reluctant to provide military assistance or adhere to economic sanctions put in place by the League. By the end of 1934, League membership reached its highest level of 58 member states; however, this was the year after the two primary aggressors of the Second World War, Germany and Japan, had left the League. Over the next decade, the rise of fascism and the impact of the Second World War saw the inevitable collapse of the League of Nations, and its official dissolution in 1946. Development of the United Nations The League of Nations was replaced by the United Nations (UN) following the Second World War. The UN came into being in June 1945, when 50* governments met in San Francisco to draft the original UN Charter, which came into effect on October 24, 1945. Since its founding, there have been approximately 200 different member states of the United Nations, with some (such as Yugoslavia or East Germany) no longer existing, while others have been renamed or their borders have been redefined. The largest increases in membership came in the 1950s as many European colonies (mostly in Africa and Asia) gained independence, and again in the early 1990s, with the fall of the Soviet Union and communism in Eastern Europe. The latest member state to join the UN was South Sudan in 2011. International relations in the UN's early history were strained, as tensions caused by the Cold War impeded the UN's ability to act effectively, but since the Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 the UN was able to expand and diversify its peacekeeping efforts with fewer obstacles. The six principal organizations of the UN are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the UN Secretariat. The highest-ranking official in the UN is Secretary General António Guterres (former Prime Minister of Portugal). The UN is headquartered in New York, and has three regional headquarters in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna (and the International Court of Justice is based in The Hague, Netherlands). Non-member states of the UN Along with the 193 member states of the UN, there are two countries or territories with permanent observer status. The first of these is the Holy See (Vatican City), which is the only fully independent country in the world that is not a member state. However, it has full access to the UN's resources, but abstains from the voting process due to the Pope's preference not to get involved in geopolitical affairs. Palestine is the other state with this status, as the UN favors Palestine becoming a fully independent nation, but will not acknowledge this claim until Palestine's conflict with the UN member state Israel has been peacefully resolved. Since the 2023 Israeli invasion of Gaza, calls for Palestinian membership have grown, particularly from within the UN and its many organizations that have played an integral role in Gaza's daily operations since the 1950s. Of the other six states without non-member observer status, Kosovo's independence from Serbia has the most international support, and it is currently recognized by over 100 member states. The Republic of China (Taiwan) held China's seat in the UN from it's founding until 1971, where it was then transferred to the People's Republic of China (China). Since then, Taiwan has been represented at the UN by the Chinese government (who is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council), and only 13 member states recognize Taiwan's independence. As of 2025, Indonesia remains the only country to have ever withdrawn its UN membership, in 1965, although this was reinstated the following year.

Human Development Index trends

A global education index from 1980 - 2013 calculated using mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling. Data in the tables are those available to the UNDP Human Development Report Office as of 15 November 2013, unless otherwise specified.

E-Government develoment index from United Nations e-government knowledge base.

Find more Pacific data on PDH.stat.

******* had the highest level of the Human Development Index (HDI) worldwide in 2023 with a value of *****. With a score of ****, ****** followed closely behind *********** and had the second-highest level of human development in that year. The rise of the Asian tigers In the decades after the Cold War, the four so-called Asian tigers, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong (now a Special Administrative Region of China) experienced rapid economic growth and increasing human development. At number eight and number 13 of the HDI, respectively, *********************** are the only Asian locations within the top-15 highest HDI scores. Both locations have experienced tremendous economic growth since the 1980’s and 1990’s. In 1980, the per capita GDP of Hong Kong was ***** U.S. dollars, increasing throughout the decades until reaching ****** in 2023, which is expected to continue to increase in the future. Meanwhile, in 1989, Singapore had a GDP of nearly ** billion U.S. dollars, which has risen to nearly *** billion U.S. dollars today and is also expected to keep increasing. Growth of the UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is the only Middle Eastern country besides Israel within the highest ranking HDI scores globally. Within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the UAE has the third-largest GDP behind Saudi Arabia and Israel, reaching nearly *** billion U.S. dollars by 2022. Per capita, the UAE GDP was around ****** U.S. dollars in 1989, and has nearly doubled to ****** U.S. dollars by 2021. Moreover, this is expected to reach over ****** U.S. dollars by 2029. On top of being a major oil producer, the UAE has become a hub for finance and business and attracts millions of tourists annually.

(1) The Human Development Index (HDI) is compiled by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to measure a country's comprehensive development in the areas of health, education, and economy according to the UNDP's calculation formula.(2) Explanation: (1) The HDI value ranges from 0 to 1, with higher values being better. (2) Due to our country's non-membership in the United Nations and its special international situation, the index is calculated by our department according to the UNDP formula using our country's data. The calculation of the comprehensive index for each year is mainly based on the data of various indicators adopted by the UNDP. (3) In order to have the same baseline for international comparison, the comprehensive index and rankings are not retroactively adjusted after being published.(3) Notes: (1) The old indicators included life expectancy at birth, adult literacy rate, gross enrollment ratio, and average annual income per person calculated by purchasing power parity. (2) The indicators were updated to include life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and nominal gross national income (GNI) calculated by purchasing power parity. Starting in 2011, the GNI per capita was adjusted from nominal value to real value to exclude the impact of price changes. Additionally, the HDI calculation method has changed from arithmetic mean to geometric mean. (3) The calculation method for indicators in the education domain changed from geometric mean to simple average due to retrospective adjustments in the 2014 Human Development Report for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010-2012. Since 2016, the education domain has adopted data compiled by the Ministry of Education according to definitions from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

ABSTRACT In spite the considerable advance made to the literature on development by the recent United Nations attempt to measuring “human development”, this paper argues that, especially in the context of developing countries, where poverty and inequality are of substantial order, these two dimensions should be integrated and added to the index proposed by that organism. This is accomplished by a new measure that simultaneously take into account indices of poverty, income distribution and human development. Empirical results show that the extension suggested is important and more appropriate for policy purposes.

OverviewThis dataset assesses countries' progress on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by UN Member States in 2015. Derived from the annual Sustainable Development Report, it provides structured data for analyzing global and national SDG performance, trends, and challenges.PurposeThe primary purpose of this dataset is to facilitate in-depth analysis, research, and policy-making related to sustainable development. It enables users to track progress, identify areas requiring greater attention, compare national performances, and support evidence-based interventions for achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.Data CoverageGeographical Scope: Covers all 193 United Nations Member States.Temporal Coverage: Data is available annually since the adoption of the SDGs in 2015, up to the latest published report year.Goals and Indicators: Encompasses all 17 Sustainable Development Goals, with data presented across numerous indicators (approximately 125 unique indicators) used to measure progress under each goal. GOAL 1: No PovertyGOAL 2: Zero HungerGOAL 3: Good Health and Well-beingGOAL 4: Quality EducationGOAL 5: Gender EqualityGOAL 6: Clean Water and SanitationGOAL 7: Affordable and Clean EnergyGOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthGOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureGOAL 10: Reduced InequalityGOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesGOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionGOAL 13: Climate ActionGOAL 14: Life Below WaterGOAL 15: Life on LandGOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong InstitutionsGOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the GoalData Points and MetricsThe dataset includes various metrics for each country, SDG, and indicator:SDG Index Scores: Overall scores reflecting a country's aggregate performance across all SDGs.Individual SDG Scores/Performance: Scores and ratings for each of the 17 individual SDGs, indicating how well a country is performing on specific goals.Indicator-Level Data: Raw values for the underlying indicators that comprise the SDG scores.Trends: Trends indicating whether a country is on track, moderately improving, stagnating, or decreasing on specific goals and indicators.Traffic Light System Ratings: A color-coded rating (green, yellow, orange, red) indicating a country's status on achieving each SDG.Data Sources and MethodologyThe data is compiled by independent experts and draws from a wide range of official and non-official data sources, including international organizations (e.g., World Bank, WHO, UNESCO), research institutions, and national statistical offices. The methodology for calculating the SDG Index and individual goal scores involves normalization, aggregation, and imputation techniques to ensure comparability across countries and over time. Full methodological details are typically provided in accompanying documentation (e.g., Codebook and Methodology Report) available with the downloadable dataset.Potential UsesAcademic research and statistical analysis on sustainable development.Policy formulation and review by governments and international bodies.Monitoring and evaluation of SDG implementation.Educational purposes and public awareness campaigns.Development of visualizations and interactive dashboards.Access and DownloadThe complete dataset, along with the full report, codebook, and methodological explanations, is typically available for free download from the official Sustainable Development Report website. Users are encouraged to refer to the source website for the most up-to-date versions and supporting documentation.

Kenya Human Development Indices per county

Validation campaign in support of the United Nations Environment - Sustainable Development Goal 14.1.1a of 2022: Index of coastal eutrophication in Latin America. This dataset contains validation data for ocean color satellite data products and collects nutrient data on eutrophication. The data will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the satellite-derived indicators and to develop more specific, level 2 satellite data indicators for the member countries in the future.

Dataset

This dataset was created by Atri Saxena

Contents

According to the UN's World Happiness Report, China's happiness index ranged at 5.97 points in 2024. China ranked 60th out of 143 countries. Finland, Denmark, and other European countries held the top spots in the ranking, while Afghanistan stayed at the bottom of the list. What is the happiness index? The happiness index is based on a Cantril ladder survey which is carried out annually worldwide by the polling company Gallup. Nationally representative samples of respondents are asked to value the quality of their lives at the survey moment on a 0 to 10 scale, with the worst possible life as zero and the best possible life as ten. The first World Happiness Report was published in 2012, and since then, governments are increasingly using its insights to orient public policies towards happiness. Surge in happiness in China In 2024, the happiness index in China was the highest since the beginning of the survey series. The growth in the sense of happiness has been consistent over the years except for a short period of 2018-2019. As happiness is hard to quantify, the reasons behind the dip in the curve during that time can only be hypothesized. The happiness index of 5.19 points in 2019, which was in the lower 50 percentile, did not seem to correlate with any of the usual suspects: the GDP growth, pollution levels, corruption or the perception of it, or even income inequality. The possible factors that could have affected people’s happiness were unemployment, insufficient social safety net, and several political issues. However, the country saw a surge in the sense of happiness from 2021 onwards. Successful containment of the COVID-19 pandemic that gave a greater feeling of security, fast economic recovery, and increase in the national pride could have been a few of the reasons behind the recent rising optimism in China.

In 2024, South Korea ranked ***** in the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) of the United Nations. In 2010, 2012 and 2014, South Korea took first place in each of those years. The use of e-government services in South Korea rose sharply, especially after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the government has steadily developed its online services, citizen satisfaction has increased accordingly.

Countries from Natural Earth 50M scale data with a Human Development Index attribute for each of the following years: 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2013, 2015, & 2017. The Human Development Index measures achievement in 3 areas of human development: long life, good education and income. Specifically, the index is computed using life expectancy at birth, Mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income (GNI) per capita (PPP $). The United Nations categorizes the HDI values into 4 groups. In 2013 these groups were defined by the following HDI values: Very High: 0.736 and higher High: 0.615 to 0.735 Medium: 0.494 to 0.614 Low: 0.493 and lower

In 2015 & 2017 these groups were defined by the following HDI values: Very High: 0.800 and higher High: 0.700 to 0.799 Medium: 0.550 to 0.699 Low: 0.549 and lower

Human Development Index attributes are from The World Bank: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014). 2015 & 2017 values source: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2017a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018), United Nations Statistics Division (2018b), World Bank (2018b), Barro and Lee (2016) and IMF (2018).

Population data are from (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

Gender Development Index (Female to male ratio of HDI)

Quality of Life Index (higher is better) is an estimation of overall quality of life by using an empirical formula which takes into account purchasing power index (higher is better), pollution index (lower is better), house price to income ratio (lower is better), cost of living index (lower is better), safety index (higher is better), health care index (higher is better), traffic commute time index (lower is better) and climate index (higher is better).

Current formula (written in Java programming language):

index.main = Math.max(0, 100 + purchasingPowerInclRentIndex / 2.5 - (housePriceToIncomeRatio * 1.0) - costOfLivingIndex / 10 + safetyIndex / 2.0 + healthIndex / 2.5 - trafficTimeIndex / 2.0 - pollutionIndex * 2.0 / 3.0 + climateIndex / 3.0);

For details how purchasing power (including rent) index, pollution index, property price to income ratios, cost of living index, safety index, climate index, health index and traffic index are calculated please look up their respective pages.

Formulas used in the past

Formula used between June 2017 and Decembar 2017

We decided to decrease weight from costOfLivingIndex in this formula:

index.main = Math.max(0, 100 + purchasingPowerInclRentIndex / 2.5 - (housePriceToIncomeRatio * 1.0) - costOfLivingIndex / 5 + safetyIndex / 2.0 + healthIndex / 2.5 - trafficTimeIndex / 2.0 - pollutionIndex * 2.0 / 3.0 + climateIndex / 3.0);

The World Happiness 2017, which ranks 155 countries by their happiness levels, was released at the United Nations at an event celebrating International Day of Happiness on March 20th. The report continues to gain global recognition as governments, organizations and civil society increasingly use happiness indicators to inform their policy-making decisions. Leading experts across fields – economics, psychology, survey analysis, national statistics, health, public policy and more – describe how measurements of well-being can be used effectively to assess the progress of nations. The reports review the state of happiness in the world today and show how the new science of happiness explains personal and national variations in happiness.

The scores are based on answers to the main life evaluation question asked in the poll. This question, known as the Cantril ladder, asks respondents to think of a ladder with the best possible life for them being a 10 and the worst possible life being a 0 and to rate their own current lives on that scale. The scores are from nationally representative samples for 2017 and use the Gallup weights to make the estimates representative. The columns following the happiness score estimate the extent to which each of six factors – economic production, social support, life expectancy, freedom, absence of corruption, and generosity – contribute to making life evaluations higher in each country than they are in Dystopia, a hypothetical country that has values equal to the world’s lowest national averages for each of the six factors. They have no impact on the total score reported for each country, but they do explain why some countries rank higher than others.

Quality of life index, link: https://www.numbeo.com/quality-of-life/indices_explained.jsp

Happiness store, link: https://www.kaggle.com/unsdsn/world-happiness/home

The aim of the Human Development Report is to stimulate global, regional and national policy-relevant discussions on issues pertinent to human development. Accordingly, the data in the Report require the highest standards of data quality, consistency, international comparability and transparency. The Human Development Report Office (HDRO) fully subscribes to the Principles governing international statistical activities.

The HDI was created to emphasize that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone. The HDI can also be used to question national policy choices, asking how two countries with the same level of GNI per capita can end up with different human development outcomes. These contrasts can stimulate debate about government policy priorities. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable and have a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three dimensions.

The 2019 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) data shed light on the number of people experiencing poverty at regional, national and subnational levels, and reveal inequalities across countries and among the poor themselves.Jointly developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) at the University of Oxford, the 2019 global MPI offers data for 101 countries, covering 76 percent of the global population. The MPI provides a comprehensive and in-depth picture of global poverty – in all its dimensions – and monitors progress towards Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 – to end poverty in all its forms. It also provides policymakers with the data to respond to the call of Target 1.2, which is to ‘reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women, and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definition'.

Countries from Natural Earth 50M scale data with a Human Development Index attribute, repeated for each of the following years: 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, & 2013, to enable time-series display using the YEAR attribute. The Human Development Index measures achievement in 3 areas of human development: long life, good education and income. Specifically, the index is computed using life expectancy at birth, Mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income (GNI) per capita (PPP $). The United Nations categorizes the HDI values into 4 groups. In 2013 these groups were defined by the following HDI values: Very High: 0.736 and higher High: 0.615 to 0.735 Medium: 0.494 to 0.614 Low: 0.493 and lower

Human Development Index attributes are from The World Bank: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division (2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014).

Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levelsThe number of refugees of concern to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stood at 13 million in mid-2014, up from a year earlier.Corruption, bribery, theft and tax evasion cost some US $1.26 trillion for developing countries per year.The rate of children leaving primary school in conflict-affected countries reached 50% in 2011, which amounts to 28.5 million children.In India, more than 20% of all pupils and one-third of all Scheduled Tribe students drop out before finishing primary education.This map layer is offered by Esri India, for ArcGIS Online subscribers, If you have any questions or comments, please let us know via content@esri.in.