Industrial activities are the greatest energy end-user sector in the United States, reaching a consumption of some 31 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024, followed by the transportation sector. The U.S. is the second-largest energy consumer in the world, after China. Energy source in the United States Consumption of fossil fuels still accounts for the majority of U.S. primary energy consumption. The transportation and industrial sectors are the sectors with the largest fossil fuel consumption in the country, the former relying on oil-based motor fuels. Electricity generation in the United States Although around 60 percent of the electricity generated in the U.S. is derived from natural gas and coal, the use of renewable sources is becoming more common in electricity production, with the largest increase in wind and solar power. These two clean energy resources are projected to generate as much power as natural gas by 2030.

United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 82.776 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.935 % for 2014. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 87.236 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95.982 % in 1967 and a record low of 82.776 % in 2015. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

Primary energy consumption in North America amounted to some ***** exajoules in 2023, down from some *** exajoules in the previous year. The United States' energy consumption was the highest in the region, accounting for more than ** percent of North America's total primary energy consumption.

United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data was reported at 617.991 BTU tn in Apr 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 701.095 BTU tn for Mar 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data is updated monthly, averaging 578.059 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 544 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 780.754 BTU tn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 62.111 BTU tn in May 1973. United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

United States Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.243 kWh/Day bn in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.765 kWh/Day bn for Feb 2025. United States Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 9.940 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.179 kWh/Day bn in Jul 2024 and a record low of 7.190 kWh/Day bn in Apr 1991. United States Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB004: Electricity Supply and Consumption. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

United States Electricity Consumption: Direct Use data was reported at 0.339 kWh/Day bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.366 kWh/Day bn for Sep 2018. United States Electricity Consumption: Direct Use data is updated monthly, averaging 0.396 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 334 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.520 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2000 and a record low of 0.310 kWh/Day bn in May 1991. United States Electricity Consumption: Direct Use data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB068: Electricity Supply and Consumption.

Petroleum is the primary source of energy in the United States, with a consumption of 35.35 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024. Closely following, the U.S. had 34.2 quadrillion British thermal units of energy derived from natural gas. Energy consumption by sector in the United States Petroleum is predominantly utilized as a fuel in the transportation sector, which is also the second-largest consumer of energy in the U.S. with almost 30 percent of the country’s total energy consumption in 2024. This figure is topped only by the energy-guzzling industrial sector, a major consumer of fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. Renewable energy in the United States Despite the prevalence of fossil fuels in the U.S. energy mix, the use of renewable energy consumption has grown immensely in the last decades to approximately 11 exajoules in 2023. Most of the renewable energy produced in the U.S. is derived from biomass, hydro and wind sources. In 2024, renewable electricity accounted for approximately 24 percent of the nation’s total electricity generation.

This API provides data on U.S. total electricity consumption by fuel type, i.e., coal, petroleum liquids, petroleum coke, and natural gas. Data also organized by sector, i.e., electric power, electric utility, commerical and industrial. Annual, quarterly, and monthly data available. Based on Form EIA-906, Form EIA-920, and Form EIA-923 data. Users of the EIA API are required to obtain an API Key via this registration form: http://www.eia.gov/beta/api/register.cfm

In 2022, consumption of primary energy per capita in the United Stated amounted to 284 million British thermal units. Per capita consumption of energy has increased since the 1950s in the United States. However, in the advent of vehicle and electricity efficiency standards, per capita consumption has decreased in recent years.

Abstract

The U.S. Residential Energy Consumption Survey, administered by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), uses a nationally representative sample to collect information about home characteristics, household energy usage, and energy cost. The microdata at the household level from 2020, 2015, 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993,1990, and 1987, made available by the EIA for public use, were curated by Carnegie Mellon University Libraries to make it more accessible for data analysis.

Methodology

Survey background and technical information

Usage

• Microdata are organized by year and can be found in "Tables;"
• Years include 2020, 2015, 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993, 1990, and 1987;
• In "Files," there are 9 folders (named by year), each of which contains the codebook(s) for a given year; for a given year, the codebook is provided in one file for all variables, if the EIA made this available; for some years, the EIA uses multiple files to organize its codebook (e.g., 1997);
• For 2020, 2015, and 2009, there is a PDF file (e.g., microdata_guide_xxxx) that describes how to use the provided sample weights to calculate standard errors; for other years, similar instructions can be found via the URL of the microdata description page on the EIA's website, provided in the description field of the microdata table for a given year (e.g., 1993).

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Alaska's staggering energy consumption of 987.4 million British thermal units per capita in 2022 highlights the vast disparities in energy use across the United States. This figure, more than triple the national average of 284.4 million British thermal units, underscores the unique energy demand of America's largest state. Louisiana and North Dakota followed closely behind, with consumption rates of 925.4 and 861 million British thermal units per capita, respectively. Factors influencing regional U.S. energy consumption The extreme per person energy consumption in Alaska can be attributed to its cold climate and energy-intensive industries. By comparison, New York, California, and Florida were among the states with the lowest per person energy consumption in the country because of the high energy efficiency, mild temperatures, and economies based on services and low-energy intensive industries. The overall energy consumption in the U.S. states was highest in the most populated areas –Texas, California, and Florida- and lower in sparsely populated ones, such as Alaska and Wyoming. Future energy trends in the U.S. While individual states show significant variations, the U.S. country consumed approximately 93.58 quadrillion British thermal units of primary energy in 2023, a slight decrease from the previous year. Oil remained the dominant energy source, followed by natural gas and renewable energies. The country's energy market has been evolving, with increased investments in renewable energy, reflecting a growing shift towards more sustainable energy sources.

This data set is provided in support of a forthcoming paper: "Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand," [1]. These files include electricity demand profiles for 200 households randomly selected among the ones available in the 2009 RECS data set for the Midwest region of the United States. The profiles have been generated using the modeling proposed by Muratori et al. [2], [3], that produces realistic patterns of residential power consumption, validated using metered data, with a resolution of 10 minutes. Households vary in size and number of occupants and the profiles represent total electricity use, in watts. The files also include in-home plug-in electric vehicle recharging profiles for 348 vehicles associated with the 200 households assuming both Level 1 (1920 W) and Level 2 (6600 W) residential charging infrastructure. The vehicle recharging profiles have been generated using the modeling proposed by Muratori et al. [4], that produces real-world recharging demand profiles, with a resolution of 10 minutes. [1] M. Muratori, "Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand." Forthcoming. [2] M. Muratori, M. C. Roberts, R. Sioshansi, V. Marano, and G. Rizzoni, "A highly resolved modeling technique to simulate residential power demand," Applied Energy, vol. 107, no. 0, pp. 465 - 473, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.02.057 [3] M. Muratori, V. Marano, R. Sioshansi, and G. Rizzoni, "Energy consumption of residential HVAC systems: a simple physically-based model," in 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting. San Diego, CA, USA: IEEE, 22-26 July 2012. https//doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2012.6344950 [4] M. Muratori, M. J. Moran, E. Serra, and G. Rizzoni, "Highly-resolved modeling of personal transportation energy consumption in the United States," Energy, vol. 58, no. 0, pp. 168-177, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.02.055

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Commercial data was reported at 3.541 kWh/Day bn in Dec 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.504 kWh/Day bn for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Commercial data is updated monthly, averaging 3.601 kWh/Day bn from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.286 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2019 and a record low of 3.400 kWh/Day bn in Apr 2018. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Commercial data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB069: Electricity Supply and Consumption: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.

Energy Information Administration. State Energy Data System: Electricity Consumption, Prices, and Expenditures | Indicator: Electricity price in the commercial sector., 1970 - 2014. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 004-012-012 Dataset: Reports estimates of electricity consumption, prices, and expenditures for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm Category: Energy Resources and Industries Subject: Prices, Energy Expenditures, Electricity, Energy Consumption Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/

United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data was reported at 55.393 BTU tn in Apr 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 54.115 BTU tn for Mar 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data is updated monthly, averaging 48.502 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 544 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.781 BTU tn in Dec 1985 and a record low of 27.164 BTU tn in Feb 1973. United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

Scenario data from the Electrification Futures Study Scenarios of Electric Technology Adoption and Power Consumption for the United States report. Annual projections from 2017 to 2050 of electric technology adoption and energy consumption for five scenarios reference electrification medium electrification high electrification electrification potential and low electricity growth. Each scenario assumes moderate technology advancement as described by Jadun et al. 2017 https//www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70485.pdf.

In 2023, the residential sector consumed an estimated 1450 terawatt-hours of electricity in the United States, the largest consuming sector in the country. It was closely followed by the commercial sector. In contrast, the transportation sector was the least power demanding sector, with some 6.9 terawatt-hours consumed.

Energy Information Administration (2015). International Energy Statistics: Electricity Consumption | Country: Faroe Islands | Indicator: Total Electricity Net Consumption (Billion Kilowatthours), 1980-2010. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 004-014-026. Dataset: Provides statistics on electricity consumption by country, as available. For all countries except the United States, total electric power consumption = total net electricity generation + electricity imports - electricity exports – electricity transmission and distribution losses. For the United States, data are drawn from the Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Review, Table 1, which provides a total of electricity retail sales to ultimate customers by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers; and direct use, ie, use of electricity that is self-generated, produced by either the same entity that consumes the power or an affiliate, and used in direct support of a service or industrial process located within the same facility or group of facilities that house the generating equipment. Data are reported as net consumption, which excludes the energy consumed by the generating units, as opposed to gross consumption. The dataset provides data for 220 countries, as available, on energy-related metrics, including total and crude oil production, oil consumption, natural gas production and consumption, coal production and consumption, electricity generation and consumption, primary energy, energy intensity, CO2 emissions and imports and exports for all fuels. Data are sourced from Energy Information Administration research, as well as from national and international agencies, listed at http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/docs/sources.cfm. Category: Energy Resources and Industries, International Relations and Trade Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/ Subject: Energy Consumption, Electricity

Federal, state, and municipal electric vehicle fleet hourly load datasets at the Uber H3 hex, county, and city resolutions, as described in Singer et al. (2025).Please cite as:Singer, Mark, Cabell Hodge, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Federal, State, and Municipal Electric Vehicle Fleets in the United States. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5400-92142. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy25osti/92142.pdf

This dataset is about countries per year in the United States. It has 64 rows. It features 4 columns: country, electricity production from hydroelectric sources, and fossil fuel energy consumption.