United States Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.243 kWh/Day bn in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.765 kWh/Day bn for Feb 2025. United States Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 9.940 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.179 kWh/Day bn in Jul 2024 and a record low of 7.190 kWh/Day bn in Apr 1991. United States Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB004: Electricity Supply and Consumption. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Electricity use in the United States stood at roughly 4,049 terawatt hours in 2023. It is projected that U.S. electricity use will continue to rise over the coming decades to reach 5,178 terawatt hours by 2050.

Texas is the leading electricity-consuming state in the United States. In 2023, the state consumed 492.8 terawatt-hours of electricity. California and Florida followed in second and third, each consuming approximately 239.48 and 250.94 terawatt-hours, respectively.

U.S. Monthly Renewable Energy Consumption by Source and Sector (1973-2024)

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F8734253%2F0fe60a09cda8f60e446422f6721e68f5%2Frenewable%20energy%20consumption%20flag.png?generation=1715139420693463&alt=media" alt=""> This dataset provides monthly data on renewable energy consumption in the United States from January 1973 to December 2024, broken down by energy source and consumption sector. The data is sourced from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Renewable energy has become an increasingly important part of the U.S. energy mix in recent years as the country seeks to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This dataset allows for detailed analysis of renewable energy trends over time and across different sectors of the economy.

IMPORTANT: Dataset Info

• Every entry that has a value of 0 means that the datapoint was either "Not Available," "No Data Reported," or "Not Meaningful"
• You most likely want to exclude the column titled Total Renewable Energy from your comparative analysis across fuel types as it represents the sum of the others

Columns

The City and County Energy Profiles lookup table provides modeled electricity and natural gas consumption and expenditures, on-road vehicle fuel consumption, vehicle miles traveled, and associated emissions for each U.S. city and county. Please note this data is modeled and more precise data may be available from regional, state, or other sources. The modeling approach for electricity and natural gas is described in Sector-Specific Methodologies for Subnational Energy Modeling: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72748.pdf. This data is part of a suite of state and local energy profile data available at the "State and Local Energy Profile Data Suite" link below and complements the wealth of data, maps, and charts on the State and Local Planning for Energy (SLOPE) platform, available at the "Explore State and Local Energy Data on SLOPE" link below. Examples of how to use the data to inform energy planning can be found at the "Example Uses" link below.

Context

This is a nicely formatted version of the US Energy Information Administration's U.S. Electric System Operating Data.

It's broken out by aggregation level: US, Regions, Balancing authorities and Balancing authority subregion. Then within that it's broken out into either region, balancing authority or individual utility.

Then each csv is includes data on - BA-to-BA interchange (suffix ID.H) - Day-ahead demand forecast (DF.H) - Demand (D.H) - Net generation by energy source (NG.SUN.H, NG.COL.H, NG.NG.H etc) - Net generation (NG.H) - Total interchange (TI.H)

Note: .H in the suffix stands for hourly in UTC time.

You can see the full data dictionary in data_dictionary.csv

Raw data

The raw data comes from the EIA's bulk data download facility. It's downloaded using this notebook. And structured using this notebook.

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.520 kWh/Day bn in Dec 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.870 kWh/Day bn for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 10.519 kWh/Day bn from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.364 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2018 and a record low of 9.369 kWh/Day bn in Apr 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB069: Electricity Supply and Consumption: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.

In 2023, the residential sector consumed an estimated 1,450 terawatt-hours of electricity in the United States, the largest consuming sector in the country. It was closely followed by the commercial sector. In contrast, the transportation sector was the least power-demanding sector, with some 6.9 terawatt-hours consumed.

This dataset provides comprehensive monthly and annual electric power operational data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). It covers the period from 2015 to 2024 and includes detailed metrics on electric power generation, consumption, costs, and emissions. The dataset is designed to support analysis and research into the efficiency and environmental impact of electric power operations across various states and sectors in the United States.

Column Description

1. period: The month and year of the data (e.g., 2024-05).
2. location: The state abbreviation (e.g., MI for Michigan, LA for Louisiana).
3. stateDescription: The full name of the state (e.g., Michigan, Louisiana).
4. sectorid: An ID representing the sector (e.g., 2).
5. sectorDescription: A description of the sector (e.g., IPP Non-CHP).
6. fueltypeid: An ID representing the fuel type (e.g., NGO, NG, HYC, OBW).
7. fuelTypeDescription: A description of the fuel type (e.g., natural gas & other gases, natural gas, conventional hydroelectric, biomass).

United States Total Energy Consumption data was reported at 93.691 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 94.812 BTU qn for 2022. United States Total Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 92.977 BTU qn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 98.965 BTU qn in 2007 and a record low of 70.489 BTU qn in 1983. United States Total Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

The electricity demand in the United States peaks in the hottest summer months and in the coldest winter months. In December 2024, this figure amounted to roughly *** terawatt-hours. The country's monthly electricity production matches the electricity demand, peaking in July or August of each year.

State-level data on all energy sources. Data on production, consumption, reserves, stocks, prices, imports, and exports. Data are collated from state-specific data reported elsewhere on the EIA website and are the most recent values available. Data on U.S. territories also available.

Monthly data since January 1973 and annual data since 1949 on U.S. primary and total energy consumption by end-use sector (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation) and electric power sector.

United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 82.776 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.935 % for 2014. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 87.236 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95.982 % in 1967 and a record low of 82.776 % in 2015. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

Dataset and details can be found at the US Energy Information Admininstration (EIA)'s RBECs website

Context

EIA administers the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) to a nationally representative sample of housing units. Traditionally, specially trained interviewers collect energy characteristics on the housing unit, usage patterns, and household demographics. For the 2015 survey cycle, EIA used Web and mail forms, in addition to in-person interviews, to collect detailed information on household energy characteristics. This information is combined with data from energy suppliers to these homes to estimate energy costs and usage for heating, cooling, appliances and other end uses — information critical to meeting future energy demand and improving efficiency and building design.

First conducted in 1978, the fourteenth RECS collected data from more than 5,600 households in housing units statistically selected to represent the 118.2 million housing units that are occupied as a primary residence. Data from the 2015 RECS are tabulated by geography and for particularly characteristics, such as housing unit type and income, that are of particular interest to energy analysis.

The results of each RECS include data tables, a microdata file, and a series of reports. Data tables are generally organized across two headings; "Household Characteristics" and "Consumption & Expenditures." See RECS data tables.

The RECS and many of the EIA supplier surveys are integral ingredients for some of EIA's more comprehensive data products and reports, such as the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) and Monthly Energy Review (MER). These products allow for broader comparisons across sectors, as well as projections of future consumption trends.

Content

The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) is a periodic study conducted by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) that provides detailed information about energy usage in U.S. homes. RECS is a multi-year effort (Figure 1) consisting of a Household Survey phase, data collection from household energy suppliers, and end-use consumption and expenditures estimation.

The Household Survey collects data on energy-related characteristics and usage patterns of a national representative sample of housing units. The Energy Supplier Survey (ESS) collects data on how much electricity, natural gas, propane/LPG, fuel oil, and kerosene were consumed in the sampled housing units during the reference year. It also collects data on actual dollar amounts spent on these energy sources.

EIA uses models (energy engineering-based models in the 2015 survey and non-linear statistical models in past RECS) to produce consumption and expenditures estimates for heating, cooling, refrigeration, and other end uses in all housing units occupied as a primary residence in the United States. Originally conducted by trained interviewers with paper and pencil, the 2015 study used a combination of computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI), web, and mail modes to collect data for the Household and Energy Supplier Surveys.

Banner image credit: https://www.flickr.com/photos/caribb/1518299093

United States Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Residential data was reported at 3.474 kWh/Day bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.298 kWh/Day bn for Sep 2018. United States Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Residential data is updated monthly, averaging 3.310 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 334 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.047 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2016 and a record low of 2.060 kWh/Day bn in May 1993. United States Electricity Consumption: Retail Sales: Residential data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB068: Electricity Supply and Consumption.

The electricity usage of data centers in the United States is expected to increase year-on-year from 2023 to 2030, reaching an **** percent share of total electricity demand in the latter year. In 2023, data centers in the U.S. demanded *** terawatt-hours of electricity.

After years of stagnant growth, U.S. electricity demand recently surged. This increase was driven in part by the commercial sector, particularly the rapid expansion of data centers and the adoption of artificial intelligence. The surge is expected to continue, signaling a shift toward a more electrified economy, with significant implications for economic competitiveness and energy infrastructure.

United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data was reported at 617.991 BTU tn in Apr 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 701.095 BTU tn for Mar 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data is updated monthly, averaging 578.059 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 544 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 780.754 BTU tn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 62.111 BTU tn in May 1973. United States Energy Consumption: Nuclear Electric Power data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

📊 Overview

This dataset contains monthly electricity consumption data and related indicators for the 48 contiguous U.S. states from January 1990 to December 2023. The dataset was constructed by merging time-series data from six key U.S. government agencies and includes 35 variables spanning:

Climatological and weather data Demographics Economic indicators Labor force statistics Geographical and urban-rural characteristics Environmental and energy data Electricity production, pricing, and consumption metrics

Each row corresponds to a unique month-year and state combination (48 samples per month-year), totaling 19,584 samples.

🎯 Targets

The dataset includes three target variables for modeling:

REC – Residential Electricity Consumption CEC – Commercial Electricity Consumption IEC – Industrial Electricity Consumption

🔧 Format

Rows: 19,584 (408 per state) Columns: 32 features + 3 target variables Time range: 1990–2023 Frequency: Monthly

Includes state as a categorical feature for multi-state learning

📚 Citation Request

This dataset is associated with the paper titled:

Electricity Demand Prediction Using Data-Driven Models: A Comprehensive Multi-Sector Analysis of Energy Consumption Dynamics (currently under peer review).

If you use this dataset in your research or publication, please cite the forthcoming paper.

📌 The formal citation will be added here once the paper is published. Follow this dataset for updates.

📥 Source Data

Raw data was sourced from:

U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) U.S. Census Bureau Bureau of Labor Statistics Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) U.S. Department of Commerce

All data used is publicly available and has been processed for consistency, completeness, and ease of use in machine learning and statistical modeling.