Graph and download economic data for GINI Index for the United States (SIPOVGINIUSA) from 1963 to 2023 about gini, indexes, and USA.

In 2023, according to the Gini coefficient, household income distribution in the United States was 0.47. This figure was at 0.43 in 1990, which indicates an increase in income inequality in the U.S. over the past 30 years. What is the Gini coefficient? The Gini coefficient, or Gini index, is a statistical measure of economic inequality and wealth distribution among a population. A value of zero represents perfect economic equality, and a value of one represents perfect economic inequality. The Gini coefficient helps to visualize income inequality in a more digestible way. For example, according to the Gini coefficient, the District of Columbia and the state of New York have the greatest amount of income inequality in the U.S. with a score of 0.51, and Utah has the greatest income equality with a score of 0.43. The Gini coefficient around the world The Gini coefficient is also an effective measure to help picture income inequality around the world. For example, in 2018 income inequality was highest in South Africa, while income inequality was lowest in Slovenia.

New York was the state with the greatest gap between rich and poor, with a Gini coefficient score of 0.52 in 2023. Although not a state, District of Columbia was among the highest Gini coefficients in the United States that year.

United States US: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data was reported at 41.500 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 41.000 % for 2013. United States US: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data is updated yearly, averaging 40.400 % from Dec 1979 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.500 % in 2016 and a record low of 34.600 % in 1979. United States US: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

Graph and download economic data for Income Gini Ratio of Families by Race of Householder, All Races from 1947 to 2023 about gini, households, income, and USA.

United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, White Alone Not Hispanic was 0.47300 Ratio in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, White Alone Not Hispanic reached a record high of 0.48400 in January of 2021 and a record low of 0.45200 in January of 2002. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, White Alone Not Hispanic - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Abstract

This dataset contains tables that match an estimated Gini coefficient to a specific geographic region (either census tract, county, or state) from 2010 to 2018. The 1-year estimates are produced by the American Community Survey (ACS).

Documentation

The income distribution Gini-coefficient of individual earnings for full-time, year-round workers was 0.42 in 2023, indicating no change from the year prior. A Gini coefficient of zero expresses perfect equality, where all would have the same income, and a Gini coefficient of one expresses maximal inequality among values. In 2021, the Gini coefficient for individual income was 0.43.

United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, Hispanic Origin (Any Race) was 0.46500 Ratio in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, Hispanic Origin (Any Race) reached a record high of 0.48100 in January of 2013 and a record low of 0.36700 in January of 1973. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Income Gini for Households by Race of Householder, Hispanic Origin (Any Race) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

In 2023, the Gini index for Black households in the United States stood at ***, which was higher than the national index that year. The Census Bureau defines the Gini index as “a statistical measure of income inequality ranging from zero to one. A measure of one indicates perfect inequality, i.e., one household having all the income and the rest having none. A measure of zero indicates perfect equality, i.e., all households having an equal share of income.”

In 2023, the Gini index for the income distribution of U.S. families stood at ****. The Census Bureau defines the Gini index as “a statistical measure of income inequality ranging from zero to one. A measure of one indicates perfect inequality, i.e., one household having all the income and the rest having none. A measure of zero indicates perfect equality, i.e., all households having an equal share of income.”

Income InequalityThe level of income inequality among households in a county can be measured using the Gini index. A Gini index varies between zero and one. A value of one indicates perfect inequality, where only one household in the county has any income. A value of zero indicates perfect equality, where all households in the county have equal income.The United States, as a country, has a Gini Index of 0.47 for this time period. For comparision in this map, the purple counties have greater income inequality, while orange counties have less inequality of incomes. For reference, Brazil has an index of 0.58 (relatively high inequality) and Denmark has an index of 0.24 (relatively low inequality).The 5-year Gini index for the U.S. was 0.4695 in 2007-2011 and 0.467 in 2006-2010. Appalachian Regional Commission, September 2013Data source: U.S. Census Bureau, 5-Year American Community Survey, 2006-2010 & 2007-2011

In 2023, the Gini index for households of Asian origin in the United States stood at ****. The Census Bureau defines the Gini index as “a statistical measure of income inequality ranging from zero to ***. A measure of *** indicates perfect inequality, i.e., *** household having all the income and rest having none. A measure of zero indicates perfect equality, i.e., all households having an equal share of income.”

Graph and download economic data for Income Gini Ratio for Households by Race of Householder, Black Alone from 2002 to 2023 about gini, African-American, households, income, and USA.

SI.POV.GINI. Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality. The Gender Statistics database is a comprehensive source for the latest sex-disaggregated data and gender statistics covering demography, education, health, access to economic opportunities, public life and decision-making, and agency.

Household Gini Ratio: Total data was reported at 0.482 USD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.481 USD for 2016. Household Gini Ratio: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 0.433 USD from Dec 1967 (Median) to 2017, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.482 USD in 2017 and a record low of 0.386 USD in 1968. Household Gini Ratio: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.G085: Gini Ratio: Households. The Gini Ratio (or index of income concentration) is a statistical measure of income equality ranging from 0 to 1. A measure of 1 indicates perfect inequality; one person has all the income and the rest have none. A measure of 0 indicates perfect equality; all people have equal shares of income.

Graph and download economic data for Income Gini Ratio of Families by Race of Householder, White Alone Not Hispanic (GINIWANHF) from 2002 to 2023 about gini, white, hispanic, households, income, and USA.

The average for 2021 based on 6 countries was 42.83 index points. The highest value was in Panama: 50.9 index points and the lowest value was in Dominican Republic: 38.5 index points. The indicator is available from 1963 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

United States - Income Gini of Families by Race of Householder, Asian Alone was 0.44200 Ratio in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Income Gini of Families by Race of Householder, Asian Alone reached a record high of 0.46200 in January of 2009 and a record low of 0.42100 in January of 2003. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Income Gini of Families by Race of Householder, Asian Alone - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

The average for 2021 based on 12 countries was 44.83 index points. The highest value was in Colombia: 55.1 index points and the lowest value was in Dominican Republic: 38.5 index points. The indicator is available from 1963 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.