Historical Map of South / Central America from the David Rumsey Historical Map Collection

This dataset represents the international boundary between Canada and the United States.

This shapefile is a digital representation of the International boundary between the United States and Canada as per the Treaty of 1908. It has been generated from a combination of recent surveys and datum conversions. It is intended for mapping purposes only.

United States Mosaic - This RADARSAT-1 mosaic of the United States comprises 190 images acquired between March 1998 and October 1999. Include one full map and maps by regions (East Central, North East, North West, South Central, South East and South West). The mosaic was produced by MacDonald Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. in collaboration with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing. RADARSAT data © CSA. Note that some more massive images can be complicated to download. It is then advisable to use a viewing tool created specifically for satellite images. Several tools are available in open format.

The 2015 North American Land Cover 30-meter dataset was produced as part of the North American Land Change Monitoring System (NALCMS), a trilateral effort between Natural Resources Canada, the United States Geological Survey, and three Mexican organizations including the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía), National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of the Biodiversity (Comisión Nacional Para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad), and the National Forestry Commission of Mexico (Comisión Nacional Forestal). The collaboration is facilitated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, an international organization created by the Canada, Mexico, and United States governments under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation to promote environmental collaboration between the three countries.The general objective of NALCMS is to devise, through collective effort, a harmonized multi-scale land cover monitoring approach which ensures high accuracy and consistency in monitoring land cover changes at the North American scale and which meets each country’s specific requirements.This 30-meter dataset of North American Land Cover reflects land cover information for 2015 from Mexico and Canada and 2016 for the United States. Each country developed its own classification method to identify Land Cover classes and then provided an input layer to produce a continental Land Cover map across North America. Canada, Mexico, and the United States developed their own 30-meter land cover products; see specific sections on data generation below.The main inputs for image classification were 30-meter Landsat 4-8 Collection 1 Level 2 data in the Canada and United States Maps(including Alaska) and 5-meters RapidEye for Mexico land cover map. Image selection processes and reduction to specific spectral bands varied among the countries due to study-site-specific requirements. While Canada selected most images from the year 2015 with a few from 2014 and 2016, the United States employed mainly images from 2016 with few images from 2015 and 2017. Mexico used all available 5-meters RapidEye images from January to December 2015, orthorectified as individual 25 by 25 kilometers tiles and the resampled to 30-meters pixel size.In order to generate a seamless and consistent land cover map of North America, national maps were generated for Canada by the CCRS; for Mexico by CONABIO, INEGI, and CONAFOR; and for the United States by the USGS. Each country chose their own approaches, ancillary data, and land cover mapping methodologies to create national datasets. This North America dataset was produced by combining the national land cover datasets. The integration of the three national products merged four Land Cover map sections, Alaska, Conterminous United States and Mexico.In this second version of the North America Land Cover map, the Alaska section has been updated from the map released in February 2020 (version 1). The United States Geological Survey (USGS) provided an updated land cover map of Alaska in July 2020, which was consequently integrated in the continental map and replaced the first version. To learn more about the North American Land Change Monitoring System and to download the data, free of charge, visit: www.cec.org/north-american-land-change-monitoring-system/ For any question, please contact naatlas@cec.orgThe complete reference to cite when using this map is: Commission for Environmental Cooperation. "2015 Land Cover of North America at 30 Meters", North American Land Change Monitoring System, Ed. 2.0. 2020.

The map title is Canada. Tactile map scale. 2.8 centimetres = 500 kilometres North arrow pointing to the top of the page. Provincial and Political borders, shown as dashed and solid lines. The Oceans and Lakes, shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. Labels for Yukon Territory abbreviated to YT. Northwest Territories abbreviated NT. Nunavut abbreviated to NU. British Columbia abbreviated to BC. Saskatchewan abbreviated to SK. Alberta abbreviated to AB. Manitoba abbreviated to MB. Ontario abbreviated to ON. Quebec abbreviated to QC. Newfoundland and Labrador abbreviated to NF. Prince Edward Island abbreviated to PE. Nova Scotia abbreviated to NS. New Brunswick abbreviated to NB. Greenland United States of America abbreviated to USA. Alaska abbreviated to AK. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

The map title is British Columbia. Tactile map scale. 1.8 centimetres = 100 kilometres North arrow pointing to the top of the page. Borders of the province of British Columbia, shown as dashed and solid lines. The Pacific Ocean, shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. A circle and the city name to show the location of Prince George and Vancouver. A filled star and the city name to show the location the capital of the province, Victoria. Text labels for the Pacific Ocean and Fraser River. The word lake is abbreviated as L. The abbreviation "AB" to indicate the province of Alberta. The abbreviation "YT" to indicate the Yukon Territory. The abbreviation "NT" to indicate the Northwest Territories. The abbreviation "USA" to indicate the neighbouring country, The United States of America. The abbreviation "AK" to indicate the State of Alaska. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

The map title is Alberta. Tactile map scale. 1.8 centimetres = 100 kilometres North arrow pointing to the top of the page. Borders of the province of Alberta, shown as dashed and solid lines. Lake Athabasca, shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. A circle and the city name to show the location of Jasper, Banff and Calgary. A filled star and the city name Edmonton to show the location of Edmonton. Text labels for Peace River and Lake Athabasca. The word lake is abbreviated as L. The word River is abbreviated as R. The abbreviation "BC" to indicate the province of British Columbia. The abbreviation "SK" to indicate the province of Saskatchewan. The abbreviation "NT" to indicate the Northwest Territories. The abbreviation "USA" to indicate the neighbouring country, United States of America. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

This North American Atlas data are standardized geospatial data sets at 1:10,000,000 scale. A variety of basic data layers (e.g. roads, railroads, populated places, political boundaries, hydrography, bathymetry, sea ice and glaciers) have been integrated so that their relative positions are correct. This collection of data sets forms a base with which other North American thematic data may be integrated. Any data outside of Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America included in the North American Atlas data sets is strictly to complete the context of the data.The North American Environmental Atlas – Lakes and Rivers dataset displays the coastline, linear hydrographic features (major rivers, streams, and canals), and area hydrographic features (major lakes and reservoirs) of North America at a reference spatial scale of 1:1,000,000.This map offers a seamless integration of hydrographic features derived from cartographic products generated by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), United States Geological Survey (USGS), National Institute of Statistics and Geography, (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía-Inegi), National Water Commission (Comisión Nacional del Agua-Conagua).This current version of the North America Lakes and Rivers dataset supersedes the version published by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation in 2011.Files Download

Border crossings of liquids pipelines. Mapping Resources implemented as part of the North American Cooperation on Energy Information (NACEI) between the Department of Energy of the United States of America, the Department of Natural Resources of Canada, and the Ministry of Energy of the United Mexican States. The participating Agencies and Institutions shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics, if available, are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time and may differ from other official information. The Agencies and Institutions participants give no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. Parent Collection: North American Cooperation on Energy Information, Mapping Data

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a general reference map of the continent. The map shows countries by colour. It also shows the individual states, provinces and territories of the United States and Canada. There is no differentiation of the populated places by size, but this is visually indicated by means of varying townstamp size and label size. The map shows roads and railways, but without any size classes for them. The map was superseded by newer versions of MCR 31 in the 1990's and beyond. Data for the 1971 map is as of the mid-1960s.

The map title is Maritimes. Tactile map scale. 3.3 centimetres = 100 kilometres North arrow pointing to the top of the page. Borders of the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, shown as dashed and solid lines. The Atlantic Ocean, shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. Circles and the city name to show the location of Saint John and Yarmouth. A filled star and the city name Charlottetown to show its location. A filled star and the city name Fredericton to show its location. A filled star and the city name Halifax to show its location. Text labels for Cape Breton Island and the Atlantic Ocean. The abbreviation "QC" to indicate the province of Quebec. The abbreviation "NF" to indicate the province of Newfoundland. The abbreviation "NB" to indicate the province of New Brunswick. The abbreviation "PE" to indicate the province of Prince Edward Island. The abbreviation "NS" to indicate the province of Nova Scotia. The abbreviation "USA" to indicate the neighbouring country, the United States of America. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

A joint venture involving the National Atlas programs in Canada (Natural Resources Canada), Mexico (Instituto Nacional de Estad stica Geograf a e Inform tica), and the United States (U.S. Geological Survey), as well as the North American Commission for Environmental Co-operation, has led to the release (June 2004) of several new products: an updated paper map of North America, and its associated geospatial data sets and their metadata. These data sets are available online from each of the partner countries both for visualization and download. The North American Atlas data are standardized geospatial data sets at 1:10,000,000 scale. A variety of basic data layers (e.g. roads, railroads, populated places, political boundaries, hydrography, bathymetry, sea ice and glaciers) have been integrated so that their relative positions are correct. This collection of data sets forms a base with which other North American thematic data may be integrated. Any data outside of Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America included in the North American Atlas data sets is strictly to complete the context of the data. The North American Atlas - Political Boundaries data set shows political entities in North America as polygons representing jurisdictional areas, and as lines representing political boundaries, including International boundaries, Provincial boundaries, State or territory boundaries, and the International Date Line. This data set was produced using digital files supplied by Natural Resources Canada, Instituto Nacional de Estad stica Geograf a e Inform tica, and the U.S. Geological Survey.

Depicted on this map is British North America less than one hundred years after the fall of New France. It also shows the emergence of British influence prior to Confederation. British North America circa 1823 was comprised of Lower Canada, Upper Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland (including the Labrador Coast). The Northwest Territories were considered British possessions, while the Hudson’s Bay Company controlled Rupert’s Land. The United States and Britain jointly administered the Oregon Territory. This map along with New France circa 1740 shows the settlement and population in Canada for two important periods in Canadian history prior to Confederation.

This data set provides forest age map products at 1-km resolution for Canada and the United States (U.S.A.). These continental forest age maps were compiled from forest inventory data, historical fire data, optical satellite data, and the images from the NASA Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) project. These input data products have various sources and creation dates as described in the source paper by Pan et al. (2011). Canadian maps were produced with data available through 2004 and U.S.A. maps with data available through 2006. A supplementary map of the standard deviations for age estimates was developed for quantifying uncertainty.Note that the Pan et al. (2011) paper is included as a companion file with this data set and was the source of descriptions in the guide.Forest age, implicitly reflecting the past disturbance legacy, is a simple and direct surrogate for the time since disturbance and may be used in various forest carbon analyses that concern the impact of disturbances. By combining geographic information about forest age with estimated carbon dynamics by forest type, it is possible to conduct a simple but powerful analysis of the net CO2 uptake by forests, and the potential for increasing (or decreasing) this rate as a result of direct human intervention in the disturbance/age status.

description: The ecoregions outlined on this map represent ecosystems of regional extent. Regions are distinguished.according to the Crowley classification, based on their distinctive climates, vegetation, and sons. The boundaries and numeric codes are modified and refined from ecoregion maps of North America (Crowley, unpublished), Canada (Crowley 1967), and the United States (Baney 1976).; abstract: The ecoregions outlined on this map represent ecosystems of regional extent. Regions are distinguished.according to the Crowley classification, based on their distinctive climates, vegetation, and sons. The boundaries and numeric codes are modified and refined from ecoregion maps of North America (Crowley, unpublished), Canada (Crowley 1967), and the United States (Baney 1976).

These data were compiled as a supplement to a previously published journal article (Bradford et al., 2019), that employed a ecosystem water balance model to characterize current and future patterns in soil temperature and moisture conditions in dryland areas of western North America. Also, these data are associated with a published USGS data release (Bradford and Schlaepfer, 2019). The objectives of our study were to (1) characterize current and future patterns in soil temperature and moisture conditions in dryland areas of western North America, (2) evaluate the impact of these changes on estimation of resilience and resistance among a representative set of climate scenarios. These data represent geographic patterns in simulated soil temperature and soil moisture conditions and underlying variables based on SOILWAT2 simulations under climate conditions representing historical (current) time period (1980-2010) and two future projected time periods (2020-2050, d40yrs) and (2070-2100, d90yrs) for two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5, RCP8.5) as medians across simulation runs based on output from each of the available downscaled global circulation models that participated in CMIP5 (RCP4.5, 37 GCMs; RCP8.5, 35 GCMs; Maurer et al. 2007). Additional information about the SOILWAT2 simulation experiments can be found in Bradford et al. 2019. These data were created in 2018, 2019, and 2021 for the area of the sagebrush region in the western North America. These data were created by a collaborative research project between the U.S. Geological Survey, Marshall University and Yale University. These data can be used with the high-resolution matching as defined by Renne et al. (in prep.), and within the scope of Bradford et al. 2019. These data may also be used to evaluate the potential impact of changing climate conditions on geographic patterns in simulated soil temperature and soil moisture conditions.

The map title is Manitoba. Tactile map scale. 1.8 centimetres = 100 kilometres North arrow pointing to the top of the page. Borders of the province of Manitoba, shown as dashed and solid lines. Lake Winnipegosis, Lake Winnipeg and part of Hudson Bay, shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. A circle and the city name to show the location of Churchill and Brandon. A filled star and the city name Winnipeg to show the location of Winnipeg. Text labels for Hudson Bay, Nelson River, Lake Winnipeg, Red River and the abbreviation LW to indicate Lake Winnipegosis. The word lake is abbreviated as L and the word River is abbreviated to R. The abbreviation "SK" to indicate the province of Saskatchewan. The abbreviation "ON" to indicate the province of Ontario. The abbreviation "NU" to indicate the Territory of Nunavut. The abbreviation "NT" to indicate the Northwest Territories. The abbreviation "USA" to indicate the neighbouring country, the United States of America. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

Important Note: this item is marked as Deprecated and will no longer be maintained. Please use one of the following items instead:World Topographic Map Swiss Style (VT)World Topographic Map Swiss Style (VT) - deWorld Topographic Map (Vector Tile)This map is designed to be used as a basemap by GIS professionals and as a reference map by anyone. The map includes cities, water features, physiographic features, parks, landmarks, highways, roads, railways, airports, and administrative boundaries, overlaid on land cover and shaded relief imagery for added context. Alignment of boundaries is a presentation of the feature provided by our data vendors and does not imply endorsement by Esri or any governing authority.The map provides coverage for the world down to a scale of ~1:72k. Coverage is provided down to ~1:4k for the following areas: Africa, Australia and New Zealand; Europe and Russia; India; the continental United States and Hawaii; Canada; Mexico; most of the Middle East; Pacific Island nations; South America and Central America. Coverage down to ~1:1k and ~1:2k is available in select urban areas. This basemap was compiled from a variety of best available sources from several data providers, including the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) , U.S. National Park Service (NPS), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Department of Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), GeoBase, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, DeLorme, HERE, and Esri. Data for Africa and Pacific Island nations from ~1:288k to ~1:4k (~1:1k in select areas) was sourced from OpenStreetMap contributors. The data for the World Topographic Map is provided by the GIS community. You can contribute your data to this service and have it served by Esri. For details on the coverage in this map and the users who contributed data for this map via the Community Maps Program, view the list of Contributors for the World Topographic Map.Feedback: Have you ever seen a problem in the Esri World Topographic Map community basemap that you wanted to see fixed? You can use the Topographic Map Feedback web map to provide feedback on issues or errors that you see in the Esri World Topographic Map. The feedback will be reviewed by the ArcGIS Online team and considered for one of our updates.

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows five maps illustrating international and interprovincial boundary claims, circa 1915. Two show the Quebec - New Brunswick - Maine area, and another displays the Canada - Labrador boundary. There are two small maps showing offshore claims; one for the Bay of Fundy, and the other for the Gulf Islands (San Juan) in the Strait of Georgia. The Eastern Canada- United States boundary was commonly called the 'Marine boundary' from 1783 to 1842. There were still many disputes going on at the time, including jurisdiction of Newfoundland, the province of New Brunswick - Quebec and the United States, as well as Vancouver Island. The boundary indicating the Labrador coast was to be claimed by Canada. Major railway systems are presented on all maps.

Contained within the Atlas of Canada 8.5x11 series maps is a map which was created as a joint effort by The Atlas of Canada, The National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics, Mexico and the National Atlas of the United States under the sponsorship of the commission for environmental cooperation. The map shows the major North American drainage basins, or wateresheds, which drain into the Atlantic Ocean, Hudson Bay, the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the gulf of Mexico and teh Caribbean Sea. Each watershed is shown in its own colour, with subdivisions shown in tonal variations. Areas of internal drainage, which lack outlets to the sea, are shown in grey.