Almost 440 million employees were employed in the unorganized sector in India in the financial year 2020. The number of employees has consistently increased since the financial year 2018. More thank 90 percent of India's population was employed in the unorganized sector.

Over 44 million informal employees were employed in the organized sector in the financial year 2020. The number of formal employees increased and the number of informal employees decreased since the financial year 2018. A total of around 95.5 million people were employed by the organized sector.

In 2024, the unorganized market constituted 57 percent of India’s total food services market. However, it was projected to decrease to 47 percent by 2028. In contrast, the organized sector has been steadily increasing its market share over the past years, and this trend is expected to continue until 2028.

The unorganized food services industry in India reached a market value of over 2.5 trillion Indian rupees in financial year 2020. It was expected that this value would reach over three trillion rupees by 2025.

At the end of fiscal year 2018, approximately 75 percent of the market share of the Indian cosmetic industry was from the unorganized sector.

The revenue of the beauty and personal care market of the south Asian nation was forecast to reach 27 billion U.S. dollars by 2020.

This statistic shows the share of the unorganized market in the total men's innerwear industry across India in 2010, 2015, and 2020. In 2020, the unorganized market was forecasted to account for 80 percent of the total men's intimate wear market, down from 85 percent in 2015.

The India fish market size was valued at INR 1881.84 Billion in 2024. The industry is expected to grow at a CAGR of 10.20% during the forecast period of 2025-2034 to reach a valuation of INR 4970.48 Billion by 2034.

The India fish market value is increasing on account of inflating disposable incomes and changing food habits. The consumption of sea food is expected to increase over the forecast period. India is the third largest fish producing country, contributing 8% to the global fish production. In recent years, India has witnessed huge growth both in domestic consumption, as well as the export of fish, consequently enhancing the overall market growth.

According to the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, India's fish production totaled 16.24 million tonnes, with 4.12 million tonnes from marine sources and 12.12 million tonnes from aquaculture. Since the launch of the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020-21, the country's overall fish production has increased, reaching 16.24 million tonnes in 2021-22, up from 14.16 million tonnes in 2019-20.

The expansion of the cold chain logistics is also a crucial factor propelling the India fish market development. This expansion has facilitated the storage and transportation of frozen fish and increased their availability in urban areas, where convenient and frozen food products are gaining popularity due to busy lifestyles.

As per the India fish market analysis, the HoReCa (Hotels, Restaurants, and Catering) sector contributes over USD 78 billion annually to India's economy, representing more than 7 percent of the GDP. Projections suggest the industry will exceed USD 280 billion by 2025. Implementing effective government policies and regulations for the unorganized sector could significantly boost the potential of the HoReCa industry, fostering further economic growth and stability.

In financial year 2023, the unorganized sector had the dominating share in the pre-owned car market across India. However, the organized sector has almost tripled its share since 2011. The pre-owned car market in India in financial year 2023 was around 31 billion U.S. dollars.

In financial year 2020, only about 1.3 percent of the total workers were gig workers with Usual Principal and Subsidiary Status. There was an increase in the share of gig workers since financial year 2012.

The gig economy The gig economy essentially is a free market structure in which people are hired temporarily by a company for short-term commitments. This, however, is not a new concept to India. India has a large share of informal and casual workers participating in gig work for decades. Gig work comprises earning income that lies outside of the conventional long-term employer-employee relationship. This has gained traction since the economic downturn of the pandemic. Projections of gig work point to an increment of over 1.25 percent to the country’s GDP.

Employee turnover and job opportunities The great reshuffle refers to the masses of people quitting their jobs primarily precipitated by the pandemic. Consequently, employee attrition and turnover rates across the country were higher than ever before. In addition, hiring processes are also being executed at unprecedented levels, particularly in the IT and tech industry. With job opportunities inundating the market, employees preferred job roles that aligned with their ambitions and prioritized work-life balance. Studies indicated that men and women wanted more flexibility in their jobs, tipping the scales in favor of hybrid and remote work environments.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises' Gross value added (GVA) across India accounted for over ** percent of India's gross domestic product (GDP) in the financial year 2023. This was an increased contribution as compared to the previous year. Additionally, MSMEs account for a significant part of the country's exports. Classification of MSMEs in India   As per the upward revision announced in 2020, the definition of micro manufacturing and services units was increased to ** million Indian rupees of investment and ** million rupees of turnover; the small unit was increased to 100 million investment and *** million turnover. The limit of the medium unit was increased to *** million in investment and *** billion in turnover. The objective of this change was to ensure that MSMEs can exhaust the state benefits without the fear of outgrowing themselves. However, critics argue that the gap defining medium enterprises is too wide and may create unfair competition. Informal micro enterprises Micro enterprises account for the majority share of the MSME sector in India, and a significant number of these enterprises are informal. Cost of compliance, complex labor laws, and lack of awareness about the benefits of formalization could be some reasons for keeping the micro-enterprises unregistered. Since businesses in the informal economy do not contribute to the tax base and tend to remain small with limited access to formal finance, it impairs a country’s ability to truly gauge the socio-economic metrics.

The Indian music industry was valued at around 53 billion Indian rupees at the end of 2024 and was estimated to reach 78 billion rupees by the end of 2026. Overall, the sector was estimated to grow at a compound annual rate of 13.4 percent in the stated time frame. Bollywood influence Rooted in a long tradition of Hindustani and Carnatic music, India’s musical landscape has expanded to embrace a multitude of genres. However, with the rise of digital media and the shrinking role of physical distribution channels, the music industry in India in the last two decades has come to resemble a more homogenous marketplace. Moreover, the cultural ripples of Indian cinema, especially those of Bollywood, have shaped listener preferences.   Informal music sector in India Besides music publishers or major record labels, the Indian music industry houses a sizable informal sector comprising local bands, street performers, or independent musicians. The sheer magnitude of this sector surpassed that of the formal sector, worth an estimated 1,000,000,000,000 Indian rupees in 2022. While the contribution of the informal sector to the music industry is invaluable and enriching, challenges such as lack of funding or insufficient public infrastructure remain. For instance, the average income earned in the informal music industry in India in 2022 was, in general, lower than the median salary of an unskilled worker in the country.

India produced more than 200 million liters of ice cream in the financial year 2020. This was a significant increase since 2015.

Sweet refreshment

Ice cream is a popular refreshment for Indians during the country’s hot summer months. Western parts of the country in particular, accounted for a high share of ice cream consumption within the dairy market. With a wide price range of ice cream retail products, starting from just a few rupees, allows for consumption across socio-economic groups. While retail was fragmented by unorganized players, Baskin Robbins outnumbered other branded outlets.

Dairy products in the Indian FMCG market

The FMCG market has seen a massive increase in revenue, underlining its importance for the Indian economy. Food, including dairy products constitute the second largest category in the FMCG sector. Unprocessed milk is the most consumed dairy product in India. Ice cream lagged far behind in monthly per capita consumption, but the overall processed food spending is on a rise. Moreover, the expansion of refrigerated transportation and rising incomes in the rural areas, underline the market potential yet to be filled.

The national floor level minimum wage in India in 2024 was *** Indian rupees per day and has remained consistent for the last few years. The National Floor Level Minimum Wage (NFLMW) is the minimum wage below which no state government can fix. Different states set their minimum wages. The NFLMW was brought into effect in 1996 by the Indian central government. Stagnant minimum wages The Labor Ministry revises the NFLMW every two years, below which states should not fix their minimum wage. The ministry last revised it in 2017. As per economists, the non-revision of the NFLMW hurts the wages of workers engaged in bidi production, plantations, and similar sectors that often employ women. Living wage versus minimum wage India plans to replace its minimum wage system with a living wage by 2025 and has sought assistance from the International Labor Organization (ILO) to develop a framework. The ILO defines a living wage as the wage level necessary to afford a decent standard of living, given a country’s circumstances, whereas the minimum wage is the lowest remuneration required by law to be paid by employers to employees for work performed during a given period. The shift aims to elevate millions out of poverty and to ensure the well-being of unorganized workers.