Key information about Vietnam Household Income per Capita

• Vietnam Annual Household Income per Capita reached 2,502.524 USD in Dec 2023, compared with the previous value of 2,409.689 USD in Dec 2022.
• Vietnam Annual Household Income per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1994 to Dec 2023, with an averaged value of 1,023.278 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,502.524 USD in Dec 2023 and a record low of 183.956 USD in Dec 1994.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of Vietnam grew 8.086 % YoY in Nov 2024.

CEIC converts Annual Household Income per Capita into USD. Annual Household Income per Capita is calculated from Monthly Average Household Income per Capita multiplied by 12. General Statistical Office provides Average Household Income per Capita in local currency. State Bank of Vietnam average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

Vietnam VN: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data was reported at 35.344 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 38.222 % for 2015. Vietnam VN: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data is updated yearly, averaging 14.210 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.390 % in 2014 and a record low of 0.364 % in 1985. Vietnam VN: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Within Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

In 2023, citizens of Ho Chi Minh City and Ha Noi had the highest monthly average monthly income per capita among Vietnam's four major cities, amounting to more than *** million Vietnamese dong. People living in Da Nang had a slightly lower monthly income per capita that year, reaching an average of **** million Vietnamese dong. In that year, the monthly average income per capita of the whole country was at **** million Vietnamese dong.

In 2022, the urban population in Vietnam stood at approximately 37.4 million people. The six largest urban agglomerations include Hanoi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Bien Hoa, Ho Chi Minh City, and Can Tho. On the other hand, Ben Tre, Thai Binh, and Bac Giang had the lowest rates of urbanization in the country.

Urbanization in Vietnam

The rapid urbanization in Vietnam results in a disproportionate population density between its urban and rural areas. For instance, in 2022, Ho Chi Minh City recorded a population density of 4,481 inhabitants per square kilometer, nearly 15 times the country's average population density in the same year. The urban population is consistently increasing due to the country’s economic reforms and infrastructure development, as well as higher living standards. For example, the monthly income per capita in urban areas is nearly half as much as that in rural areas. Nevertheless, the poverty rate in Vietnam has been consistently diminishing each year, roughly at 4.2 percent as of 2022.

Urban infrastructure in Vietnam

Vietnam has made significant progress in developing its urban infrastructure, especially in major cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The expansion of highways, seaports, and airports has enhanced domestic and international connectivity, as well as greatly contributed to the country’s logistic industry. For instance, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are developing a metro system which is expected to be put into operation in 2024. The country has also invested in modern healthcare facilities, schools, and commercial centers. However, challenges such as traffic jams, limited public transportation services, and environmental pollution still require significant efforts to meet the growing demands of the Vietnamese urban population.

The Vietnam higher education market, valued at $503.79 million in 2025, is experiencing robust growth, projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15.43% from 2025 to 2033. This significant expansion is driven by several key factors. Increasing government investment in education infrastructure and technology, coupled with a rising demand for skilled labor in a rapidly developing economy, fuels the growth. The burgeoning middle class is also a crucial driver, enabling greater access to higher education for a broader segment of the population. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of technology in education, including online learning platforms and educational software, is streamlining processes and improving learning outcomes, further stimulating market expansion. This technological shift is particularly evident in the software segment, which is projected to witness substantial growth within the forecast period. While the market faces challenges like infrastructure limitations in certain regions and the need for continuous curriculum updates to align with industry demands, the overall outlook remains highly positive. The market is segmented across product types (software and hardware), end-users (private colleges, state universities, and community colleges), and course levels (undergraduate, masters, and PhD). The software segment is expected to lead the market due to the increasing adoption of educational technology and the rising demand for efficient learning management systems. Competition among key players, including established global technology firms like Adobe and Apple alongside local EdTech companies like Topica Edtech Group and Innotech Vietnam Corp, is intense, leading to strategic partnerships, product diversification, and a focus on providing tailored solutions to meet the unique needs of Vietnamese higher education institutions. The competitive landscape emphasizes innovation, customer service, and the ability to offer cost-effective solutions for universities and colleges facing budgetary constraints. The robust growth trajectory makes Vietnam an attractive market for EdTech investments and innovation in the higher education sector.

In 2023, the population density of Vietnam was around 303 people per square kilometer of land area. In that year, Vietnam's total population reached approximately 100.3 million. The country is among those with the highest population density in the Asia Pacific region, ranking 11th in 2020. Population density in Vietnam In comparison, Vietnam’s population density is roughly twice as much as China and Indonesia. The average population density in the world is at 59 inhabitants per square kilometer. The largest population within the country can be found in the Red River Delta and the Mekong River Delta. The most populated city is Ho Chi Minh City with roughly nine million inhabitants. Population growth in Vietnam Vietnam’s total population was forecast to surpass 100 million by 2050. Traditionally, Vietnamese families had an average of six children, while today, the birth rate is at two children per woman. This is due to an improving economy and higher living standards. In 2020, the population growth in Vietnam reached 0.90 percent, down from about three percent in the 1960s.

In 2023, Ho Chi Minh City recorded 1,816 cleared-up divorce cases, making it the city with the highest number of divorces in Vietnam. In the same year, there were 1,209 divorce cases in Ha Noi, the capital city of Vietnam.

In 2023, the under-five child mortality rate in Vietnam was approximately 18.2 deaths per one thousand live births. The under-five child mortality rate in the country has been decreasing steadily within the observed timeline, except for 2020.

Vietnam VN: GDP: PPP data was reported at 647,368.428 Intl $ mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 595,368.159 Intl $ mn for 2016. Vietnam VN: GDP: PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 219,370.050 Intl $ mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 647,368.428 Intl $ mn in 2017 and a record low of 64,051.733 Intl $ mn in 1990. Vietnam VN: GDP: PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Purchasing Power Parity. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. For most economies PPP figures are extrapolated from the 2011 International Comparison Program (ICP) benchmark estimates or imputed using a statistical model based on the 2011 ICP. For 47 high- and upper middle-income economies conversion factors are provided by Eurostat and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).; ; World Bank, International Comparison Program database.; Gap-filled total;

Vietnam VN: GNI: PPP data was reported at 616,618.428 Intl $ mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 571,116.740 Intl $ mn for 2016. Vietnam VN: GNI: PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 234,023.660 Intl $ mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 616,618.428 Intl $ mn in 2017 and a record low of 59,973.976 Intl $ mn in 1990. Vietnam VN: GNI: PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Purchasing Power Parity. PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars. For most economies PPP figures are extrapolated from the 2011 International Comparison Program (ICP) benchmark estimates or imputed using a statistical model based on the 2011 ICP. For 47 high- and upper middle-income economies conversion factors are provided by Eurostat and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).; ; World Bank, International Comparison Program database.; Gap-filled total;

In 2023, the infant mortality rate in rural areas of Vietnam reached 12.8 deaths per one thousand live births, which was almost double that of urban areas. The country's average mortality rate was approximately 11.6 deaths per one thousand live births.

Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Second 20% data was reported at 11.900 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12.000 % for 2014. Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Second 20% data is updated yearly, averaging 11.550 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2016, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.000 % in 2014 and a record low of 10.800 % in 2010. Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Second 20% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

In 2023, the crude death rate in Vietnam was estimated at 5.5 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants. In that year, Vietnam's population reached approximately 100.3 million.

In 2023, the poverty rate in Vietnam was around 1.2 percent in urban areas, while that of rural areas was around 4.8 percent. In that year, the poverty rate in the country was 3.4 percent.

Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data was reported at 42.500 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 42.200 % for 2014. Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data is updated yearly, averaging 43.800 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2016, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.300 % in 2010 and a record low of 42.200 % in 2014. Vietnam VN: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

The Vietnamese hospitality industry, currently valued at $5.16 billion (2025), is experiencing robust growth, projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.94% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Increasing inbound tourism, driven by Vietnam's growing popularity as a travel destination due to its rich culture, stunning landscapes, and improving infrastructure, is a primary driver. The rise of the middle class within Vietnam itself is also significantly boosting domestic tourism and demand for a wider range of hotel services, from budget-friendly options to luxury resorts. Furthermore, the government's continued investment in infrastructure development, including improvements to airports and transportation networks, is making Vietnam more accessible and attractive to international visitors, further stimulating growth in the sector. The industry's segmentation reflects this diverse demand, encompassing chain hotels, independent hotels, service apartments, budget and economy hotels, mid and upper-mid-scale hotels, and luxury hotels. The presence of major international brands like Accor Hotels, InterContinental Hotels Group, and Marriott International alongside strong domestic players such as Vinpearl and Muong Thanh Hospitality demonstrates the sector's maturity and competitive landscape. The increasing adoption of loyalty programs further underscores the industry's focus on customer retention and enhanced guest experiences. However, the industry also faces certain challenges. Potential headwinds include global economic uncertainties that may impact international travel, and the need for continuous investment in infrastructure and training to maintain high service standards and accommodate increasing tourist numbers. Competition among both domestic and international hotel chains requires constant innovation in services and pricing strategies. Successfully navigating these challenges will be crucial to sustaining the industry's impressive growth trajectory. The strategic focus on attracting both business and leisure travelers, coupled with a dedication to improving hospitality standards and infrastructure, will be key to unlocking the full potential of Vietnam's thriving tourism sector and its associated hospitality industry. Recent developments include: November 2023: Marriott International recently revealed the launch of three upscale hotels in sought-after vacation spots in Vietnam. These comprise the Nha Trang Marriott Resort & Spa on Hon Tre Island, the Danang Marriott Resort & Spa in Non-Nuoc Beach Villas, and the Renaissance Hoi An Resort & Spa., August 2023: Fusion Hotel Group recently revealed the debut of Ixora Ho Tram by Fusion, a deluxe resort emphasizing wellness. Featuring 164 luxurious guestrooms and 46 exclusive villas, this outstanding establishment offers magnificent views of the beautiful coastline in southern Vietnam.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Growth in Tourism is Driving the Market4.; Hotel Development in the Country Drives the Market Growth. Potential restraints include: 4., Growth in Tourism is Driving the Market4.; Hotel Development in the Country Drives the Market Growth. Notable trends are: Rise in the Number of Visitors to the Country is Driving the Hospitality Industry.

The Vietnamese luxury apartment market, valued at $3.64 billion in 2025, exhibits robust growth potential, projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.65% from 2025 to 2033. This surge is fueled by several key drivers. A burgeoning affluent class in Vietnam, coupled with increasing urbanization and a preference for high-end living, significantly boosts demand. Foreign investment, particularly from Asian countries, further fuels the market's expansion. Furthermore, strategic government initiatives aimed at improving infrastructure and attracting foreign investors contribute to a favorable market environment. The market is segmented by type (apartments & condominiums, villas & landed houses) and location (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and other cities), with Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi commanding the largest shares due to their established economic and infrastructural advantages. Competition is fierce, with prominent developers like Vingroup, SonKim Land, and CapitaLand vying for market share. However, challenges remain, including potential regulatory hurdles and fluctuations in the global economy. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the luxury apartment market in Vietnam remains exceptionally promising, driven by sustained economic growth and the evolving lifestyle preferences of high-net-worth individuals. The continued growth trajectory is anticipated to be influenced by several factors. Sustained economic expansion in Vietnam will continue to fuel disposable incomes, creating a larger pool of potential buyers for luxury apartments. Furthermore, the government’s focus on sustainable development and smart city initiatives will attract further investment and enhance the appeal of premium residential projects. The rise of co-living spaces and luxury serviced apartments within the broader luxury real estate sector presents an opportunity for market expansion and diversification. However, the market will need to navigate challenges such as the availability of skilled labor, the cost of construction materials, and potential oversupply in certain segments. Successful developers will need to focus on superior design, premium amenities, and strategic locations to differentiate themselves in this competitive market. Therefore, a focus on sustainable practices and adapting to evolving consumer preferences will be crucial for sustained success in this dynamic market. Recent developments include: July 2023, Picking up and seeing off at the airport is one of the outstanding services of The Filmore Da Nang, contributing to perfecting the ultimate living space for its residents. This project increased its persuasiveness with solid implementation results during the most difficult period of the recent real estate market, confidently reaching its goal of becoming a desirable luxury apartment complex in Da Nang. Residents of The Filmore Da Nang can use the pick-up and drop-off service from home to Da Nang International Airport, with facilities and service standards equivalent to 5-star hotels and resorts., April 2023, Filmore Real Estate Development Joint Stock Company (Filmore Development) has just completed signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with POSCO E&C Group. The signing ceremony took place right at POSCO E&C headquarters in Korea. This is the opening event for an important cooperation between the two sides, aiming to exploit investment opportunities - developing luxury apartment projects in Ho Chi Minh City and a number of other fields in Vietnam.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Incremental urbanization rate accelerates Vietnam's demand for luxury residential real estate4.; Growing middle-class buyers drive the market. Potential restraints include: 4., Incremental urbanization rate accelerates Vietnam's demand for luxury residential real estate4.; Growing middle-class buyers drive the market. Notable trends are: Increasing Rich Population driving the Demand for Urban Branded Residences.

In 2023, the population density in Ho Chi Minh City reached 4,513 inhabitants per square kilometer, making the largest city of Vietnam also the most crowded. Ha Noi, the capital, was much less crowded, with 2,556 people per square kilometer. In both Da Nang and Can Tho, this figure stayed around 900 inhabitants per square kilometer.

In 2023, the number of divorces in Vietnam reached 32,060 cases, indicating an increase from the previous year. During the same year, there were over 680,049 marriages across the country.

In 2023, the life expectancy at birth of Vietnamese men was estimated at 71.1 years. Meanwhile, Vietnamese women tend to live longer, around 76.5 years on average. In that year, the general life expectancy of the Vietnamese population was around 73.3 years.