This statistic shows the degree of urbanization in Malaysia from 2014 to 2024. Urbanization means the share of urban population in the total population of a country. In 2024, 79.2 percent of Malaysia's total population lived in urban areas and cities. Urban areas in Malaysia Malaysia is currently one of the most urbanized countries of East Asia, and also one of the most rapidly urbanized regions around the world; over the last ten years, the urban population in Malaysia has increased from around 66 percent in 2004 to 74 percent in 2014. This growth is expected to continue, as people from rural areas migrate to urban areas due to the economy and employment continuing to shift from agriculture to industry and services. At present, the largest city in terms of population is Kuala Lumpur, which is home to around 1.31 million inhabitants - which is still relatively small, considering that the entire population of Malaysia amounts to around 31 million. Malaysia is also home to a number of smaller urban areas, and there are three other urban areas with more than 500,000 inhabitants. Urban areas in Malaysia, notably Kuala Lumpur, are less dense than is common for urban areas in East Asia. This means that dealing with and limiting sprawl will be a challenge. As the urban transformation continues, there is still a chance to find a balance between urban and rural settlements in an equitable, compact and sustainable manner.

Malaysia Urban Population Growth data was reported at 2.199 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.341 % for 2016. Malaysia Urban Population Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 4.590 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.579 % in 1962 and a record low of 2.199 % in 2017. Malaysia Urban Population Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Weighted average;

Malaysia Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 3.141 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.026 % for 2000. Malaysia Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 3.026 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.141 % in 2010 and a record low of 2.977 % in 1990. Malaysia Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

This dataset is about countries per year in Malaysia. It has 64 rows. It features 4 columns: country, urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters , and fertility rate.

This line chart displays urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) by date using the aggregation average, weighted by population in Malaysia. The data is about countries per year.

This bar chart displays urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) by country using the aggregation average, weighted by population in Malaysia. The data is about countries per year.

This scatter chart displays urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) against fertility rate (births per woman) in Malaysia. The data is about countries per year.

Malaysia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Urban: Recreation, Sport and Culture data was reported at 120.400 2010=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 120.300 2010=100 for Feb 2025. Malaysia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Urban: Recreation, Sport and Culture data is updated monthly, averaging 111.400 2010=100 from Jan 2010 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 183 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120.400 2010=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 99.700 2010=100 in Jan 2011. Malaysia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Urban: Recreation, Sport and Culture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.I028: Consumer Price Index: Urban: 2010=100.

Abstract

The Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey (HIS/BA) 2012 is the latest income survey carried out by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia after the last survey in 2009. The survey is implemented twice in five years.

Data from this survey are used by the government as inputs for the formulation of national development plan especially in preparing for Tenth Malaysia Plan.

Objective of survey The main objectives of the survey are as follows: • collect information on income distribution pattern of households; • identify the poverty groups; and • identify the accessibility of basic amenities by poor households.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered both urban and rural areas in Malaysia except the Orang Asli Enumeration Blocks (EBs) in Peninsular Malaysia. Usually, the EBs that lie in the interior areas are not included in the sampling frames. However, for the latest survey, the Department expanded its coverage to include these EBs.

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals

Universe

The survey covered households staying in private living quarters (LQ) only. The institutional households, that is, those living in hostels, hotels, hospitals, old folk’s homes, military and police barracks, prisons, welfare homes and other institutions were excluded from the coverage of the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Frequency of data collection

Twice in 5 years

Sampling procedure

Sampling Frame The frame used for the selection of sample for HIS/BA 2012 was based on the Household Sampling Frame which was made up of Enumeration Blocks (EBs) created for the 2010 Population and Housing Census. EBs are geographical contiguous areas of land with identifiable boundaries. On average, each EB contains about 80 to 120 living quarters. Generally, all EBs are formed within gazetted boundaries i.e. within administrative districts, mukim or local authority areas.

The EBs in the sampling frame are also classified by urban and rural areas. Urban areas are as defined in the 2010 Population and Housing Census. Urban areas are gazetted areas with their adjoining built-up areas which had a combined population of 10,000 or more.

Sample Design A two-stage stratified sampling design was adopted. Primary strata (made up of states) and secondary strata (made up of urban and rural, and comprised district/ resident). Samples are drawn independently within each level of the secondary strata. The units for first stage sample selection are the EBs while the second stage units are the LQs within the EBs. All households and persons within the selected LQs are canvassed. At every stage of selection, the units are selected systematically with equal probability within each level of the secondary strata.

Sample Size The sample size required is based on the relative standard error of the previous survey for each strata and state. Other factors such as cost and availability of staff are also taken into consideration in determining the sample size.

Note: Detailed sampling design information is presented in the final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Sampling error estimates

Reliability of the data Data obtained from survey or research based on sample selection has a probability of encountering two types of errors. These are sampling and nonsampling errors.

(i) Sampling error Sampling error is a result of estimating data based on a probability sampling, not on census. Such error in statistics is termed as relative standard error (RSE) and is given in percentage. This is used as an indicator to the precision of the parameter under study. In other words, it reflects the extent of variation with other sample-based estimates.

For the HIS/BA 2012, the mean monthly household income for Malaysia was RM5,000 with an RSE of 0.6 per cent. In other words, the standard error (SE) is approximately RM29. Assuming that the mean household income is normally distributed, the confidence interval for the estimated mean income can be calculated. Based on a 95 per cent confidence level (alpha=0.05), the mean monthly household income was found to be in the range of RM4,943–RM5,057 per month.

(ii) Non-sampling error To ensure high quality data, several steps were taken to keep non-sampling errors to a minimum. Unlike sampling errors, these errors cannot be measured and can only be overcome through several administrative procedures. These errors may arise through incomplete survey coverage, weaknesses in the frame, feedback errors, non-response errors and also errors during processing such as editing, coding and data capture.

Response errors may occur due to difference and difficulty in interpreting questions, be it on the part of the enumerator or respondent. To minimize these errors, intensive training was conducted for the enumerators as well as the supervisors. In addition, random checks were carried out on households that were already canvassed by the enumerators to ensure the validity of the information recorded. To ensure the completeness of the survey coverage, the sampling frame is frequently updated and the selections of living quarters were done after the completion of EB listing exercise.

Non-response errors occur due to reasons such as vacant house, ‘no one at home’, refusal to cooperate or not qualified for the survey. To overcome such cases, sample size in the survey was estimated after taking into consideration all probabilities encountered as mentioned earlier.

BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Malaysian adults has increased by more than two folds over the past two decades. Strategies to collaborate with the existing community partners may become a promising channel for wide-scale dissemination of diabetes prevention in the country. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of community-based lifestyle interventions delivered to adults with prediabetes and their health-related quality of life as compared to the usual care group.MethodsThis was a quasi-experimental study conducted in two sub-urban communities in Seremban, Malaysia. A total of 268 participants with prediabetes aged between 18 to 65 years old were assigned to either the community-based lifestyle intervention (Co-HELP) (n = 122) or the usual care (n = 146) groups. The Co-HELP program was delivered in partnership with the existing community volunteers to incorporate diet, physical activity, and behaviour modification strategies. Participants in the Co-HELP group received twelve group-based sessions and two individual counselling to reinforce behavioural change. Participants in the usual care group received standard health education from primary health providers in the clinic setting. Primary outcomes were fasting blood glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose, and HbA1C. Secondary outcomes included weight, BMI, waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, physical activity, diet, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).ResultsAn intention-to-treat analysis of between-groups at 12-month (mean difference, 95% CI) revealed that the Co-HELP participants’ mean fasting plasma glucose reduced by -0.40 mmol/l (-0.51 to -0.28, p<0.001), 2-hour post glucose by -0.58 mmol/l (-0.91 to -0.24, p<0.001), HbA1C by -0.24% (-0.34 to -0.15, p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure by -2.63 mmHg (-3.79 to -1.48, p<0.01), and waist circumference by -2.44 cm (-4.75 to -0.12, p<0.05) whereas HDL cholesterol increased by 0.12 mmol/l (0.05 to 0.13, p<0.01), compared to the usual care group. Significant improvements were also found in HRQOL for both physical component (PCS) by 6.51 points (5.21 to 7.80, p<0.001) and mental component (MCS) by 7.79 points (6.44 to 9.14, p<0.001). Greater proportion of participants from the Co-HELP group met the clinical recommended target of 5% or more weight loss from the initial weight (24.6% vs 3.4%, p<0.001) and physical activity of >600 METS/min/wk (60.7% vs 32.2%, p<0.001) compared to the usual care group.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that a culturally adapted diabetes prevention program can be implemented in the community setting, with reduction of several diabetes risk factors and improvement of HRQOL. Collaboration with existing community partners demonstrated a promising channel for the wide-scale dissemination of diabetes prevention at the community level. Further studies are required to determine whether similar outcomes could be achieved in communities with different socioeconomic backgrounds and geographical areas.Trial RegistrationIRCT201104106163N1

Malaysia Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 1.958 % in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.064 % for 2000. Malaysia Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 2.064 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.320 % in 1990 and a record low of 1.958 % in 2010. Malaysia Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

Sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle risk behaviours among in-school adolescents in West Malaysia.

Prevalence of current e-cigarette use according to sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle risk behaviours and parental factors among in-school adolescents in West Malaysia.

Analysis unit

Persons, households, and dwellings

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes - Vacant Units: no - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Living quarters have been defined for census purposes as places of abode, which are structurally separate and independent. The terms separate and independent mean the following: eparate: A structure is considered separate if it is surrounded by walls, fence, etc., and is covered by roof. Independent: A structure is said to be independent if it has direct access via a public staircase, communal passageway or landing (that is, occupants can come in or go out of their living quarters without passing through someone else’s premises). In general, living quarters can be classified into two categories, that is: (i) Built or converted for living (e.g. house, flat, apartment, shophouse, makeshift hut, hotel, hostels, etc.) (ii) Not meant for living but used for this purpose on Census Day (e.g. in a building such as office, shop, barn, community hall, etc.) Living quarters built or converted for living can be further classified into housing units and collective living quarters. Housing units are classified into six main types, namely: House; Flat/apartment/condominium; Shop house, office; Room (with direct access to the outside); improvised/temporary hut; and others. House can be further classified into Detached house; and Semi-detached house. - Households: A household is made up of persons who may be related and/or persons unrelated who usually live together and make common provision for food and other essentials of living. -This group makes provision for food from part of their pooled resources and makes the same preparation for other basic need. -A household can comprise several members or may be a single member only. -Persons in a household may be related or a combination fo both. -Each living quarters is normally coccupied by a househod. However, sometimes a livng quarters may be occupied by more than one househod. This situation normally occurs in urban areas where households are forced to share a living quarters because of the shortage of accommodation. - Group quarters: Living quarters which is built or converted for living (e.g. house, flat, apartment, shophouse, makeshift hut, hotel, hostels, etc.).

Universe

In the 1991 Population and Housing Census, all persons including foreigners who were in Malaysia on Census Day were enumerated. Generally, the majority of people were found in their respective homes on August 14, 1991 and were enumerated under the normal enumeration procedures. However, a minority of the population did not fall in the above category and for the persons, special enumeration arrangements were made. The groups referred to were: (a) Guests staying in hotels, lodging houses, rest-houses, etc; (b) Persons staying in institutional living quarters such as educational, medical, charitable, religious and social welfare institutions, etc; (c) Persons in prison, detention centers and lock-ups; (d) Personnel in army/police camps and those on military patrol; (e) Orang Asli (Aborigines) in Peninsular Malaysia; (f) Wayfarers, homeless people and persons away at sea; (g) Foreign military, naval and diplomatic personnel and their families. All persons in this category were enumerated in the census with the exception of persons with diplomatic immunity who wished to be excluded.

Kind of data

Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: Department of Statistics Malaysia

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 347892.

SAMPLE DESIGN: With 2 per cent as the sampling fraction, or a sample interval of 50, the sample was selected using the living quarters serial number starting from 1, 51, 101, 151, 201 ……. N.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Four types of forms were used in the 1991 Census. Document 1: Listing Book which identified the Enumeration Block and list all living quarters in each block. Document 2: The main census form which required the filling in of particulars on all listed living quarters, household and person. Document 2a: Person Form. This document was used if a household contained more than seven members. Document 3: Self-enumeration Form for Living Quarters/ Household. Document 3a: Self-enumeration Person Form. Document 4: Listing Card which assigned a control number to the living quarters.

Potential risk factors on lifestyle and environmental health factors associated with IgG+ seropositivity of dengue infections in the urban poor population.

Factors associated with current e-cigarette use among in-school adolescents in West Malaysia.

Detailed cost of living comparison between Malaysia and Mexico

居民消费价格指数：城镇：Recreation, Sport and Culture在03-01-2025达120.4002010=100，相较于02-01-2025的120.3002010=100有所增长。居民消费价格指数：城镇：Recreation, Sport and Culture数据按月更新，01-01-2010至03-01-2025期间平均值为111.4002010=100，共183份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于03-01-2025，达120.4002010=100，而历史最低值则出现于01-01-2011，为99.7002010=100。CEIC提供的居民消费价格指数：城镇：Recreation, Sport and Culture数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia，数据归类于全球数据库的马来西亚 – Table MY.I028: Consumer Price Index: Urban: 2010=100。