The efficiency ratio of the U.S. banking industry fluctuated significantly between 2003 and 2024, signalling the varying performance and stability of the industry. The ratio, which measures the non-interest expense as a percentage of the net operating revenue, was 64.25 percent in the last quarter of 2024, notably lower than in the same quarter in the previous year. The highest efficiency ratios were measured during the global financial crisis in 2008.

The U.S. commercial banking industry's return on assets (ROA) has experienced dramatic shifts over two decades. Peaking at 1.37 percent in the first quarter of 2004, it plummeted to a historic low of -1.86 percent during the fourth quarter of 2008's global financial crisis. After a gradual recovery, the ROA stabilized around 1.2-1.3 percent in 2023, despite a decline to one percent in the final quarter. Throughout 2024, U.S. banks demonstrated relative consistency, with ROA fluctuating between 0.95 and 1.04 percent. Early 2025 saw an increase in the sector's ROA, reaching 1.12 percent, the highest since the first quarter of 2023. In contrast, the European banking industry maintained a lower performance, with ROA averaging 0.5-0.7 percent during the same period. Steady growth amidst fluctuations in net operating income Despite the lowest quarterly net operating income of the U.S. banking industry being measured in the fourth quarter of 2008, at a negative 35 billion U.S. dollars, the average quarterly income of all FDIC-insured institutions grew steadily after the global financial crisis, experiencing a sharp decrease due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of 2020. After 2021, the industry saw another steady decrease in its quarterly income until it started to increase again towards the end of 2022. In 2024, the bank with the highest reported revenue was JPMorgan Chase. Stability and resilience in capital adequacy The common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio of the U.S. commercial banking industry has shown resilience, with an upward trajectory throughout 2024. Despite sharp decreases due to global financial crises and the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry has demonstrated stability and gradual recovery in its capital adequacy, culminating in a ROA of 1.12 percent in the first quarter of 2025.

The US Commercial Banking Market Report is Segmented by Product (Commercial Lending, Treasury Management, Syndicated Loans, Capital Markets, and Other Products), by Client Size (Large Enterprises, and Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)), by Channel (Online Banking and Offline Banking), and by End-User Industry Vertical (IT & Telecommunication, Manufacturing, and More). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Throughout 2024 and into early 2025, U.S. banks consistently maintained a strong return on equity, surpassing ** percent each quarter. In the first quarter of 2025, ROE reached ***** percent, signaling continued recovery from past economic disruptions. This performance underscores the resilience of the banking sector during challenging periods - ranging from the 2007–2008 financial crisis to the COVID-19 pandemic - and highlights the industry's ability to adapt to economic volatility and evolving regulatory landscapes.

Graph and download economic data for Total Assets, All Commercial Banks (TLAACBW027SBOG) from 1973-01-03 to 2025-07-02 about assets, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

The US Investment Banking Market is Segmented by Product Type (Mergers and Acquisitions, Debt Capital Markets, Equity Capital Markets, and More), by Deal Size (Mega-Cap, Large-Cap, Mid-Market, Small-Cap), by Client Type (Large Enterprises, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises), and by Industrial Vertical (BFSI, IT and Telecommunication, Manufacturing, and More). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Graph and download economic data for Return on Average Assets for all U.S. Banks (DISCONTINUED) (USROA) from Q1 1984 to Q3 2020 about ROA, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

The U.S. commercial banking industry experienced a long-term decline in interest margin from 2003 to 2025, with significant fluctuations during this period. In 2024, the net interest margin witnessed a gradual increase, reaching 2.66 percent in the last quarter of the year. 2025 began with a slight decline, with the net interest margin falling to 2.57 percent. Net interest margin represents the annualized net interest income as a percentage of interest-earning assets.

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US Retail Banking Market Size 2025-2029

The US retail banking market size is forecast to increase by USD 92.1 billion at a CAGR of 4.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The Retail Banking Market in the US is witnessing significant shifts driven by the ongoing Digital transformation. Banks are increasingly adopting cloud-based solutions to enhance customer experience, streamline operations, and reduce costs. This trend is reshaping the competitive landscape, as traditional players race to keep pace with fintech disruptors. However, this digital evolution brings new challenges. Cybersecurity threats are on the rise, with financial institutions becoming prime targets for hackers.
As the industry continues to digitize, ensuring robust security measures will be crucial to safeguard sensitive customer information and maintain trust. Balancing the benefits of digital innovation with the need for robust security will be a key strategic priority for retail banks in the US.

What will be the size of the US Retail Banking Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the dynamic retail banking market of the US, digital transformation is a key trend, with financial institutions optimizing their branch networks and embracing virtual assistants for enhanced customer experience. Customer segmentation, fueled by big data and data visualization, enables personalized financial services and product offerings. data security is paramount, with AI and machine learning employed for fraud prevention and regulatory compliance. Digital onboarding streamlines the loan approval process, while open banking and financial wellness initiatives promote financial inclusion. Credit scores and interest rates remain critical factors, with marketing automation and predictive analytics driving targeted customer engagement.
Fees and charges, a significant concern for customers, are being addressed through transparency and innovation. Cloud computing and machine learning are revolutionizing risk management and loan underwriting. Overall, the retail banking landscape is characterized by continuous innovation, driven by the integration of technology and customer-centric strategies.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Private sector banks
  Public sector banks
  Foreign banks
  Community development banks
  Non-banking financial companies


Service

  Saving and checking account
  Personal loan
  Mortgages
  Debit and credit cards
  Others


Channel

  Direct sales
  Distributor


Geography

  North America

    US

By Type Insights

The private sector banks segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The US retail banking market is undergoing significant transformation, driven by technological innovations, changing consumer preferences, and regulatory shifts. Fintech companies are disrupting traditional banking models with user-friendly interfaces, digital marketing, and financial education tools. Retirement planning, Personal Loans, and savings accounts are increasingly being offered through digital channels, enhancing financial empowerment and convenience. Branch banking still holds importance for customer experience and face-to-face interactions, but online banking, mobile banking, and ATM access ensure round-the-clock access to financial services. Insurance products, checking accounts, and email marketing are essential tools for customer acquisition and retention. Blockchain technology, data analytics, and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing financial services, with applications in fraud detection, investment services, and peer-to-peer lending.

Regulatory compliance and customer satisfaction are critical factors in this evolving landscape, with regulatory changes enabling financial inclusion and fostering competition. Auto loans, mortgage loans, and credit cards remain popular offerings, with digital wallets and debit cards providing additional convenience. As consumer expectations continue to shift towards seamless, personalized experiences, banks must prioritize user experience (UX) and customer satisfaction. In the private sector, JPMorgan, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and Citibank lead the market, offering comprehensive financial services to high-net-worth individuals. Regulatory changes and technological advancements have facilitated the entry of new players, making the market increasingly competitive. Overall, the US retail banking market is witnessing a dynamic and innovative period, with a focus on meeting the diverse needs of consum

Commercial Banks generate most of their revenue through loans to customers and businesses. Loans are set at interest rates that are influenced by different factors, including the federal funds rate (FFR), the prime rate, debtors' creditworthiness and overall macroeconomic performance. The Commercial Banking industry’s performance was mixed during the current period, which included both the postpandemic recovery and a strong economy amid high interest rates. At the onset of the period, volatile economic conditions created domestic and global dollar funding pressures, creating havoc in the Treasuries market and causing the Fed to act as a dealer of last resort by flooding the international and domestic dollar funding markets with liquidity. The Fed set interest rates to near zero in March 2020 to stimulate the economy; despite this, weak economic performance in 2020 limited demand for bank lending and investment, causing industry revenue to decline. In 2022, the Fed began increasing interest rates to curb historically high inflation. Commercial Banks benefited from the higher rates, which resulted in greater interest income for the industry and contributed to double-digit revenue growth in 2022 and 2023. However, as inflation receded, the Fed cut interest rates in 2024 and is anticipated to cut rates further in 2025 to provide a boost to the economy. Overall, industry revenue has been growing at a CAGR of 7.2% to $1,418.0 billion over the past five years, including an expected decrease of 3.7% in 2025 alone. During the outlook period, industry revenue is forecast to shrink at a CAGR of 1.3% to $1,328.5 billion through the end of 2030. Further interest rate cuts would lower interest income for the industry, hampering profit. In a lower interest rate environment, commercial banks would likely encounter rising loan demand but experience reduced investment income from fixed-income securities. In addition, the acquisition of financial technology start-ups to compete will increase as the industry continues to evolve.

Graph and download economic data for Total Revenue for Commercial Banking, All Establishments, Employer Firms (REVEF52211ALLEST) from 2009 to 2022 about employer firms, accounting, revenue, establishments, commercial, services, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Total Equity to Total Assets for Banks (DISCONTINUED) (EQTA) from Q1 1988 to Q3 2020 about equity, assets, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

The Latin American banking industry is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach $2.14 billion in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% through 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. The surge in fintech adoption across Brazil, Mexico, and other major economies within the region is a significant catalyst. Increased smartphone penetration and internet access are democratizing financial services, particularly benefiting the previously underserved segments of the population. Government initiatives promoting financial inclusion and regulatory changes that encourage innovation in the banking sector are also contributing to this growth. Furthermore, the increasing demand for digital banking solutions, including API-based and cloud-based Banking-as-a-Service (BaaS) offerings, is driving the market's expansion. Companies such as Nubank, Neon, and RappiPay are leading this digital transformation, leveraging technology to offer more accessible and convenient financial services. The market is segmented by component (platform and service), type of BaaS, enterprise size (large and SME), and end-user (banks, fintechs, and others), each exhibiting unique growth trajectories. While challenges remain, such as regulatory hurdles in certain countries and cybersecurity risks associated with digital banking, the overall outlook for the Latin American banking industry remains optimistic, driven by strong technological adoption and a growing demand for modern financial solutions. The significant growth is primarily concentrated in countries with a substantial population and developing digital infrastructure. Brazil and Mexico, for instance, are expected to contribute the most to overall market value, driven by a large unbanked population and increasing adoption of mobile payment solutions. However, countries like Argentina and Chile also contribute significantly to the growth, showcasing varied adoption levels and preferences among different markets. The competitive landscape is marked by the emergence of innovative fintech players alongside established traditional banks. The increasing strategic partnerships between fintech companies and established banks is reshaping the landscape and fostering further innovation. While growth is anticipated across all segments, the API-based BaaS and cloud-based BaaS segments are poised for exceptional growth due to their scalability and cost-effectiveness. The strategic focus should be on leveraging these technologies, ensuring robust cybersecurity measures, and navigating evolving regulatory frameworks to capitalize on the growth opportunities within this dynamic market. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the dynamic Latin American banking industry, covering the period from 2019 to 2033. With a focus on the key trends shaping this rapidly evolving sector, the report offers invaluable insights for investors, financial institutions, and fintech companies seeking to navigate this lucrative yet complex market. The study utilizes 2025 as its base year and provides estimations for 2025, with a forecast extending to 2033, drawing upon historical data from 2019-2024. Recent developments include: July 2023: Uala, the Latin American multi-banking fintech, announced a partnership with Western Union. This partnership will enable users of the application to receive money on their smartphones from other users across the globe., January 2023: Nubank, a digital financial service platform, secured a loan of over USD 150 Million from IFC. This will help the company to strengthen its operations and expand access to financial services in Colombia.. Key drivers for this market are: Rise of Internet of Things Devices is Driving The Market, Rise in Cloud Computing Technology is Driving The Market. Potential restraints include: Rise of Internet of Things Devices is Driving The Market, Rise in Cloud Computing Technology is Driving The Market. Notable trends are: Rise in Latin America Fintech Funding as a Driver.

The US retail banking market, a sector characterized by intense competition and evolving customer expectations, is projected to experience steady growth. While the provided data lacks specific market size figures, a reasonable estimation can be made. Given a CAGR of 4% and a base year of 2025, we can infer substantial market value. The growth is driven by factors such as increasing digital adoption among consumers, the rise of fintech innovation pushing traditional banks to adapt, and the persistent demand for personalized financial products and services. This necessitates banks to invest heavily in technology, enhance customer experience through seamless digital platforms, and expand their product offerings to remain competitive. Furthermore, regulatory changes and evolving consumer financial behaviors contribute to market dynamism. Despite robust growth projections, the market faces challenges. These include increasing operational costs, stringent regulatory compliance requirements, and the potential for economic downturns to impact consumer spending and loan demand. The competitive landscape, with established giants like JPMorgan Chase & Co., Bank of America Corp., and Wells Fargo & Co. alongside emerging fintech players, necessitates strategic adaptation and innovation to maintain market share. Successful players will be those who can successfully balance profitability with customer-centric strategies, effectively leveraging technology to improve efficiency and enhance customer experience, while adhering to evolving regulatory frameworks. Segmentation within the market will continue to be vital, with specialized offerings targeting demographics and individual needs. Recent developments include: In May 2021, HSBC announced that it is exiting the retail and small business banking market in the United States, in line with its strategy to refocus on corporate and investment banking in Asia., In November 2020, Wells Fargo announced a new solution to help business customers eliminate paper checks by using one-time virtual card numbers to digitally pay invoices through the WellsOne Virtual Card Payments service.. Key drivers for this market are: Next generation technologies, Optimized physical distribution: Analytics and workforce fluidity; Developing an omnichannel workforce. Potential restraints include: Next generation technologies, Optimized physical distribution: Analytics and workforce fluidity; Developing an omnichannel workforce. Notable trends are: The Spending by Retail Banks for digital banking is increasing in US..

Private Banking Market in the United States Report is Segmented by Type (Asset Management Service, Insurance Service, Trust Service, Tax Consulting, and Real Estate Consulting) and Application (Personal and Enterprise). The Report Offers Market Sizes and Forecasts in Revenue (USD) for all the Above Segments.

Employment statistics on the Commercial Banking industry in United States

Continued consolidation of the US banking industry and a general increase in the size of banks have prompted some policymakers to consider policies that discourage banks from getting larger, including explicit caps on bank size. However, limits on the size of banks could entail economic costs if they prevent banks from achieving economies of scale. This paper presents new estimates of returns to scale for US banks based on nonparametric, local-linear estimation of bank cost, revenue, and profit functions. We report estimates for both 2006 and 2015 to compare returns to scale some 7 years after the financial crisis and 5 years after enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act with returns to scale before the crisis. We find that a high percentage of banks faced increasing returns to scale in cost in both years, including most of the 10 largest bank holding companies. Also, while returns to scale in revenue and profit vary more across banks, we find evidence that the largest four banks operate under increasing returns to scale.

The USA: Bank concentration: percent of bank assets held by top three banks: The latest value from 2021 is 38.4 percent, a decline from 39.28 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 67.43 percent, based on data from 135 countries. Historically, the average for the USA from 2000 to 2021 is 33.9 percent. The minimum value, 21.45 percent, was reached in 2000 while the maximum of 42.29 percent was recorded in 2015.

The Report Covers US Banking as a Service Companies and it is segmented By Component (Platform and Service (Professional Service and Managed Service)), by Type (API based BaaS and Cloud-based BaaS), By Enterprise Size (Large enterprise and Small & Medium enterprise), By End-user (Banks, NBFC/Fintech Corporations and Others).

The U.S. banking industry recorded its lowest quarterly net operating income during the fourth quarter of 2008, posting a loss of 35.7 billion U.S. dollars amid the global financial crisis. In subsequent years, the average quarterly income of FDIC-insured institutions showed an overall upward trend, despite periodic fluctuations. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sharp decline in earnings during the first half of 2020, though the sector recovered and stabilized by late 2021. Following this recovery, the industry experienced another period of declining quarterly income. However, earnings began to rebound toward the end of 2022. In the second quarter of 2024, the quarterly net income was 71.5 billion U.S. dollars.