By 2034, the gross federal debt of the United States is projected to be about 54.39 trillion U.S. dollars. This would be an increase of around 21 trillion U.S. dollars from 2023, when the federal debt was around 33 trillion U.S. dollars.

The federal debt of the U.S.

The federal debt, also called the national debt or public debt, is the amount of debt held by the United States government. This debt may be to other countries, or to different departments within the government itself. The public debt of the United States has increased significantly over the past 30 years, as it was around 3.2 trillion U.S. dollars in 1990 and surpassed 30 trillion dollars for the first time in 2022. When broken down per capita, the national debt amounted to about 80,885 U.S. dollars of debt per person in the United States in 2021.

The problem of the federal debt

Over the past decade, the federal debt limit in the United States has increased significantly. The U.S. debt ceiling can only be changed by an act of Congress which is then signed by the president. The raising of the ceiling has become a recurring political issue in recent years, especially during times when the Presidency and chambers of Congress are controlled by different parties.

The debt ceiling is a tool that allows the Treasury to issue bonds without congressional approval, allowing for efficiency in the way that the government pays for programs and services. It is thought to be further valuable in that it keeps federal finances in check. However, when the two parties are unable to come to an agreement on raising the debt ceiling, the government comes to a shutdown because they can no longer fund themselves. The Republican Party in particular often positions itself against raising the federal debt ceiling, characterizing themselves as the party of fiscal conservativism. However, analyses have shown that both parties have contributed to the country's debt in almost equal measures.

The statistic shows the national debt of the United States from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. The amount of the debt of the United States amounted to around 35.25 trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. National debt of the United States National debt in the United States is a topic of much debate and controversy, primarily due to large amounts of unnecessary spending. Despite the fact that the United States had the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world in 2016, along with being one of the most developed powerhouses in the world, the country suffers in many economical aspects. When analyzing the country’s imports and exports, the United States has recorded a trade deficit for more than a decade as of 2015, meaning that its imports exceeded its exports every year. However, despite being significantly affected by the world economic crisis in 2008, the country’s trade balance noticeably improved in 2009, almost halving the country’s total trade deficit. An economical aspect that did not improve during the world economic crisis was the country’s unemployment rate. The number of unemployed in the United States increased greatly in 2009 and continued to rise in 2010, however finally stabilized in the following years and has since declined yearly. When considering the total population of the United States, which amounted to roughly 322 million in 2015, a large percentage of citizens, who are capable of work, have been left without a job for roughly 7 years.

The U.S. debt held by the public amounted to 24.24 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, which was about 97.3 percent of the U.S. GDP. The forecast predicts an increase in public debt up to 48.3 trillion U.S. dollars in 2034, which would be about 116 percent of the U.S. GDP. The actual total debt accrued by the U.S. annually can be accessed here.

Graph and download economic data for Projection of General government gross debt for United States (GGGDTPUSA188N) from 2025 to 2030 about projection, gross, debt, government, and USA.

The national debt of Turkmenistan is approximately ************ U.S. dollars in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1997 and 2025A total increase by approximately ************ U.S. dollars can be observed between 1997 and 2025. The data emphasizes however that this increase did not happen continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030In 2030 the national debt will stand at roughly ************ U.S. dollars, according to forecasts. This indicates an overall increase by approximately ************ U.S. dollars since 2025. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.

This statistic shows the national debt of Greece from 2020 to 2023, with projections until 2030. In 2023, the national debt in Greece was around 420.4 billion U.S. dollars. In a ranking of debt to GDP per country, Greece is currently ranked third. Greece's struggle after the financial crisis Greece is a developed country in the EU and is highly dependent on its service sector as well as its tourism sector in order to gain profits. After going through a large economic boom from the 1950s to the 1970s as well as somewhat high GDP growth in the early to mid 2000s, Greece’s economy took a turn for the worse and struggled intensively, primarily due to the Great Recession, the Euro crisis as well as its own debt crisis. National debt within the country saw significant gains over the past decades, however roughly came to a halt due to financial rescue packages issued from the European Union in order to help Greece maintain and improve their economical situation. The nation’s continuous rise in debt has overwhelmed its estimated GDP over the years, which can be attributed to poor government execution and unnecessary spending. Large sums of financial aid were taken from major European banks to help balance out these government-induced failures and to potentially help refuel the economy to encourage more spending, which in turn would decrease the country’s continuously rising unemployment rate. Investors, consumers and workers alike are struggling to see a bright future in Greece, whose chances of an economic comeback are much lower than that of other struggling countries such as Portugal and Italy. However, Greece's financial situation might improve in the future, as it is estimated that at least its national debt will decrease - slowly, but steadily. Still, since its future participation in the European Union is in limbo as of now, these figures can only be estimates, not predictions.

In 2025, the ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Greece is approximately 142.17 percent.Fluctuating rise between 1980 and 2025A comparison to the earliest shown observation from 1980 reveals a total increase by approximately 119.33 percentage points. The trajectory from 1980 to 2025 shows however that this increase did not happen continuously.Continuous decline between 2025 and 2030The ratio will stand at close to 125.07 percent in 2030, according to forecasts. Compared to 2025 this is an overall decrease by approximately 17.10 percentage points. This decrease reflects a consistent falling trend.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

This statistic shows the national debt of the United Kingdom from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the national debt in the United Kingdom was about 3.91 trillion U.S. dollars. Reduction of the national debt and recovery of the economy in the UK The debt of the United Kingdom, which amounted to around 1,600 billion pounds in 2014 - more than it has ever been - is projected to keep rising. Since the economic recession of 2007-08, economic growth in the United Kingdom has been slow, but it has been able to recover. In 2014, the United Kingdom recorded a 2.8 percent growth rate. Many believe that if the economy is stable, the government will reduce spending and not accrue any more debt, and it can indeed be seen that while government spending continues to increase, the gap between spending and revenue is projected to get smaller. If the government were to earn more than it spends, it could use the money left over to pay the national debt and start to reduce it. However, what is even more important is the size of the debt in relation to the size of the country's economy; if the debt grows slower than the economy, the debt to GDP ratio can still fall, despite a budget deficit. The ratio of government expenditure to GDP indicates that the economy is recovering at a faster rate than government expenditure, with the ratio decreasing significantly over the last decade and the national debt in relation to GDP being expected to decrease further as well - albeit slowly. This should help relieve concerns over the United Kingdom’s mounting debt, but for some debt reduction is just not fast enough.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of the Philippines stands at approximately 58.14 percent in 2025.Fluctuating decline between 1993 and 2025A total decrease by approximately 15.73 percentage points can be seen between 1993 and 2025. This decrease however did not happen continuously.Continuous decline between 2025 and 2030In 2030 the ratio will amount to around 52.47 percent, according to forecasts. There is an overall decrease by approximately 5.67 percentage points since 2025. This decrease reflects a consistent falling trend.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Depicted is the ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of France which amounts to approximately 116.30 percent in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1980 and 2025Between 1980 and 2025 a total increase by approximately 95 percentage points can be observed. This increase however did not happen continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030In 2030 the ratio will stand at roughly 128.39 percent, according to forecasts. This indicates an overall increase by approximately 12.09 percentage points since 2025. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

The here depicted national debt of Germany lies at approximately ************* U.S. dollars in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1991 and 2025Between 1991 and 2025 a total increase by approximately ************* U.S. dollars can be observed. This increase however did not happen continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030The national debt will stand at close to ************* U.S. dollars in 2030, according to forecasts. Compared to 2025 this is an overall increase by approximately ************* U.S. dollars. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.

This statistic shows the national debt of Brazil from 2019 to 2023 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2029. The figures refer to the whole country and include the debts of the state, the communities, the municipalities and the social insurances. In 2023, the national debt of Brazil amounted to approximately 84.68 percent of the GDP.

Brazil's economy

Brazil has one of the largest economies in the world by gross domestic product ) and Purchasing Power Parity. In 2014, the Brazil's gross domestic product amounted to around 2.24 trillion U.S. dollars. However, it is estimated that by 2030, Brazil will have the fourth highest gross domestic product in the world.

In 2014, the United States reported the largest gross domestic product worldwide. However, the estimated national debt of the United States in 2014 was over 105 percent of the gross domestic product, while the estimated national debt of Brazil was approximately 66 percent the same year. Even though the national debt of Brazil has slightly decreased over the last decade, it still remains relatively high. A country's national debt refers to the whole country and includes the debts of the state, the communities, the municipalities and the social insurances. In Brazil, the high national debt is also due to country's trade deficit. In 2013, Brazil’s trade deficit amounted to an estimated 3.3 percent of the GDP, adding up to approximately 8.3 billion U.S. dollars in total.

The national debt in China was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 10.6 trillion U.S. dollars (+63.47 percent). After the tenth consecutive increasing year, the national debt is estimated to reach 27.2 trillion U.S. dollars and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the national debt was continuously increasing over the past years.The indicator describes the general government gross debt which consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future.Find more key insights for the national debt in countries like Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea.

The here depicted national debt of Mexico stands at approximately ************* U.S. dollars in 2025.Continuous rise between 1996 and 2025Compared to the earliest depicted observation from 1996 there is a total increase by approximately ************* U.S. dollars. From the pattern between 1996 and 2025 it becomes clear that this increase furthermore happened continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030The national debt will lie at around ************* U.S. dollars in 2030, according to forecasts. There is an overall increase by approximately ************** U.S. dollars since 2025. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.

The national debt in South Korea was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 329.7 billion U.S. dollars (+33.95 percent). After the tenth consecutive increasing year, the national debt is estimated to reach 1.3 trillion U.S. dollars and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the national debt was continuously increasing over the past years.The indicator describes the general government gross debt which consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future.Find more key insights for the national debt in countries like Japan, China, and Hong Kong SAR China.

Depicted is the national debt of Ireland which amounts to approximately 219.96 billion U.S. dollars in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1990 and 2025Compared to the earliest depicted observation from 1990 there is a total increase by approximately 183.09 billion U.S. dollars. From the pattern between 1990 and 2025 it becomes clear that this increase however did not happen continuously.Continuous decline between 2025 and 2030In 2030 the national debt will stand at roughly 204.73 billion U.S. dollars, according to forecasts. This indicates an overall decrease by approximately 15.23 billion U.S. dollars since 2025. This decrease reflects a consistent falling trend.

The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

This statistic shows the national debt of Spain from 2020 to 2023, with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt in Spain was around 1,780.48 billion U.S. dollars. For comparison, the Greek debt amounted to approximately 401.71 billion U.S. dollars that same year. Spanish economy The Spanish economy, though in a state of turmoil, has been one of the world’s largest and most important economies. As a member of the European Union and the World Trade Organization, Spain often plays an important role in modern day economics. Spain maintains several economic strengths, some of which include a modern high-tech infrastructure as well as an abundance of exports, which rank as some of the highest in the world. Additionally, Spain’s economical sectors, principally built upon tourism and automobiles, also rank amongst some of the most significant around the globe. Tourism plays an important role in Spain’s economy, with millions of tourists visiting the plentiful amount of beaches during the summer and historical sites all year round. In the past, Spain was considered the most frequently visited country in the world, however, it fell several places in the past couple years, primarily because of the country’s ongoing economical struggles. Tourism is arguably the most significant sector in Spain, making up a large percentage of the country’s entire GDP. The Spanish automobile industry has receded for several years,but still makes notable contributions to the economy and has some of the more powerful car manufacturers in the world.

The here depicted national debt of Thailand is approximately ************** U.S. dollars in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1996 and 2025A total increase by approximately ************** U.S. dollars can be seen between 1996 and 2025. This increase however did not happen continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030The national debt will amount to close to *********** U.S. dollars in 2030, according to forecasts. Compared to 2025 this is an overall increase by approximately ************* U.S. dollars. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.

In 2025, the national debt of Russia lies at approximately ************** U.S. dollars.Fluctuating rise between 1997 and 2025A total increase by approximately ************** U.S. dollars can be observed between 1997 and 2025. The data emphasizes however that this increase did not happen continuously.Continuous rise between 2025 and 2030The national debt will stand at roughly ************** U.S. dollars in 2030, according to forecasts. This indicates an overall increase by approximately ************** U.S. dollars since 2025. This growth reflects a steady upward trend.