On October 29, 1929, the U.S. experienced the most devastating stock market crash in it's history. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 set in motion the Great Depression, which lasted for twelve years and affected virtually all industrialized countries. In the United States, GDP fell to it's lowest recorded level of just 57 billion U.S dollars in 1933, before rising again shortly before the Second World War. After the war, GDP fluctuated, but it increased gradually until the Great Recession in 2008. Real GDP Real GDP allows us to compare GDP over time, by adjusting all figures for inflation. In this case, all numbers have been adjusted to the value of the US dollar in FY2012. While GDP rose every year between 1946 and 2008, when this is adjusted for inflation it can see that the real GDP dropped at least once in every decade except the 1960s and 2010s. The Great Recession Apart from the Great Depression, and immediately after WWII, there have been two times where both GDP and real GDP dropped together. The first was during the Great Recession, which lasted from December 2007 until June 2009 in the US, although its impact was felt for years after this. After the collapse of the financial sector in the US, the government famously bailed out some of the country's largest banking and lending institutions. Since recovery began in late 2009, US GDP has grown year-on-year, and reached 21.4 trillion dollars in 2019. The coronavirus pandemic and the associated lockdowns then saw GDP fall again, for the first time in a decade. As economic recovery from the pandemic has been compounded by supply chain issues, inflation, and rising global geopolitical instability, it remains to be seen what the future holds for the U.S. economy.

The Covid-19 pandemic saw growth fall by 2.2 percent, compared with an increase of 2.5 percent the year before. The last time the real GDP growth rates fell by a similar level was during the Great Recession in 2009, and the only other time since the Second World War where real GDP fell by more than one percent was in the early 1980s recession. The given records began following the Wall Street Crash in 1929, and GDP growth fluctuated greatly between the Great Depression and the 1950s, before growth became more consistent.

In 1938, the year before the Second World War, the United States had, by far, the largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). The five Allied Great Powers that emerged victorious from the war, along with the three Axis Tripartite Pact countries that were ultimately defeated made up the eight largest independent economies in 1938.

When values are converted into 1990 international dollars, the U.S. GDP was over 800 billion dollars in 1938, which was more than double that of the second largest economy, the Soviet Union. Even the combined economies of the UK, its dominions, and colonies had a value of just over 680 billion 1990 dollars, showing that the United States had established itself as the world's leading economy during the interwar period (despite the Great Depression).

Interestingly, the British and Dutch colonies had larger combined GDPs than their respective metropoles, which was a key motivator for the Japanese invasion of these territories in East Asia during the war. Trade with neutral and non-belligerent countries also contributed greatly to the economic development of Allied and Axis powers throughout the war; for example, natural resources from Latin America were essential to the American war effort, while German manufacturing was often dependent on Swedish iron supplies.

Throughout the Second World War, the United States consistently had the largest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world. Additionally, U.S. GDP grew significantly throughout the war, whereas the economies of Europe and Japan saw relatively little growth, and were often in decline. The impact of key events in the war is also reflected in the trends shown here - the economic declines of France and the Soviet Union coincide with the years of German invasion, while the economies of the three Axis countries experienced their largest declines in the final year of the war.

In the build up to the Second World War, the United States was the major power with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the world. In 1938, the United States also had the highest overall GDP in the world, and by a significant margin, however differences in GDP per person were much smaller. Switzerland In terms of countries that played a notable economic role in the war, the neutral country of Switzerland had the highest GDP per capita in the world. A large part of this was due to the strength of Switzerland's financial system. Most major currencies abandoned the gold standard early in the Great Depression, however the Swiss Franc remained tied to it until late 1936. This meant that it was the most stable, freely convertible currency available as the world recovered from the Depression, and other major powers of the time sold large amounts of gold to Swiss banks in order to trade internationally. Switzerland was eventually surrounded on all sides by Axis territories and lived under the constant threat of invasion in the war's early years, however Swiss strategic military planning and economic leverage made an invasion potentially more expensive than it was worth. Switzerland maintained its neutrality throughout the war, trading with both sides, although its financial involvement in the Holocaust remains a point of controversy. Why look at GDP per capita? While overall GDP is a stronger indicator of a state's ability to fund its war effort, GDP per capita is more useful in giving context to a country's economic power in relation to its size and providing an insight into living standards and wealth distribution across societies. For example, Germany and the USSR had fairly similar GDPs in 1938, whereas Germany's per capita GDP was more than double that of the Soviet Union. Germany was much more industrialized and technologically advanced than the USSR, and its citizens generally had a greater quality of life. However these factors did not guarantee victory - the fact that the Soviet Union could better withstand the war of attrition and call upon its larger population to replenish its forces greatly contributed to its eventual victory over Germany in 1945.

United States GDP: GCE: State & Local: Consumption Expenditure data was reported at 2,510.829 USD bn in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,403.775 USD bn for 2023. United States GDP: GCE: State & Local: Consumption Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 182.248 USD bn from Dec 1929 (Median) to 2024, with 96 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,510.829 USD bn in 2024 and a record low of 4.685 USD bn in 1936. United States GDP: GCE: State & Local: Consumption Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.A006: NIPA 2023: GDP by Expenditure: Current Price: Annual.

United States GDP: Average: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data was reported at 1,454.400 USD bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,355.900 USD bn for 2007. United States GDP: Average: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 75.150 USD bn from Dec 1929 (Median) to 2008, with 80 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,454.400 USD bn in 2008 and a record low of 4.600 USD bn in 1936. United States GDP: Average: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.A176: NIPA 2003: GDP by Expenditure: Annual Average.

United States GDP: PCE: Services: Consumption Exp of Nonprofit Inst Serving HH data was reported at 301.400 USD bn in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 291.900 USD bn for 2011. United States GDP: PCE: Services: Consumption Exp of Nonprofit Inst Serving HH data is updated yearly, averaging 11.700 USD bn from Dec 1929 (Median) to 2012, with 84 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 301.400 USD bn in 2012 and a record low of 0.900 USD bn in 1936. United States GDP: PCE: Services: Consumption Exp of Nonprofit Inst Serving HH data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.A111: NIPA 2009: GDP by Expenditure: Annual Average: Current Price.

Graph and download economic data for Supplements to wages and salaries: Federal unemployment tax (CON1501A027NBEA) from 1936 to 2023 about supplements, salaries, tax, federal, wages, unemployment, GDP, and USA.

United States GDP: 2000p: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data was reported at 1,021.200 USD bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,008.000 USD bn for 2007. United States GDP: 2000p: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 385.250 USD bn from Dec 1929 (Median) to 2008, with 80 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,021.200 USD bn in 2008 and a record low of 97.600 USD bn in 1936. United States GDP: 2000p: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.A176: NIPA 2003: GDP by Expenditure: Annual Average.

United States GDP: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data was reported at 1,530.800 USD bn in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,518.000 USD bn for 2011. United States GDP: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 97.100 USD bn from Dec 1929 (Median) to 2012, with 84 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,530.800 USD bn in 2012 and a record low of 4.600 USD bn in 1936. United States GDP: GCE: State and Local: Consumption Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.A225: NIPA 2009: GDP by Expenditure: Current Price: Annual.

Graph and download economic data for Government social benefits: to persons: Federal: Benefits from social insurance funds: Railroad retirement (TRP2501A027NBEA) from 1936 to 2023 about retirement, railroad, social assistance, insurance, benefits, federal, government, GDP, and USA.

In the past four centuries, the population of the United States has grown from a recorded 350 people around the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1610, to an estimated 331 million people in 2020. The pre-colonization populations of the indigenous peoples of the Americas have proven difficult for historians to estimate, as their numbers decreased rapidly following the introduction of European diseases (namely smallpox, plague and influenza). Native Americans were also omitted from most censuses conducted before the twentieth century, therefore the actual population of what we now know as the United States would have been much higher than the official census data from before 1800, but it is unclear by how much. Population growth in the colonies throughout the eighteenth century has primarily been attributed to migration from the British Isles and the Transatlantic slave trade; however it is also difficult to assert the ethnic-makeup of the population in these years as accurate migration records were not kept until after the 1820s, at which point the importation of slaves had also been illegalized. Nineteenth century In the year 1800, it is estimated that the population across the present-day United States was around six million people, with the population in the 16 admitted states numbering at 5.3 million. Migration to the United States began to happen on a large scale in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major waves coming from Ireland, Britain and Germany. In some aspects, this wave of mass migration balanced out the demographic impacts of the American Civil War, which was the deadliest war in U.S. history with approximately 620 thousand fatalities between 1861 and 1865. The civil war also resulted in the emancipation of around four million slaves across the south; many of whose ancestors would take part in the Great Northern Migration in the early 1900s, which saw around six million black Americans migrate away from the south in one of the largest demographic shifts in U.S. history. By the end of the nineteenth century, improvements in transport technology and increasing economic opportunities saw migration to the United States increase further, particularly from southern and Eastern Europe, and in the first decade of the 1900s the number of migrants to the U.S. exceeded one million people in some years. Twentieth and twenty-first century The U.S. population has grown steadily throughout the past 120 years, reaching one hundred million in the 1910s, two hundred million in the 1960s, and three hundred million in 2007. In the past century, the U.S. established itself as a global superpower, with the world's largest economy (by nominal GDP) and most powerful military. Involvement in foreign wars has resulted in over 620,000 further U.S. fatalities since the Civil War, and migration fell drastically during the World Wars and Great Depression; however the population continuously grew in these years as the total fertility rate remained above two births per woman, and life expectancy increased (except during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918).

Since the Second World War, Latin America has replaced Europe as the most common point of origin for migrants, with Hispanic populations growing rapidly across the south and border states. Because of this, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites, which has been the most dominant ethnicity in the U.S. since records began, has dropped more rapidly in recent decades. Ethnic minorities also have a much higher birth rate than non-Hispanic whites, further contributing to this decline, and the share of non-Hispanic whites is expected to fall below fifty percent of the U.S. population by the mid-2000s. In 2020, the United States has the third-largest population in the world (after China and India), and the population is expected to reach four hundred million in the 2050s.

GDP：政府消费支出和总投资：州和地方政府：消费支出在12-01-2024达2,510.829十亿美元，相较于12-01-2023的2,403.775十亿美元有所增长。GDP：政府消费支出和总投资：州和地方政府：消费支出数据按年更新，12-01-1929至12-01-2024期间平均值为182.248十亿美元，共96份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-2024，达2,510.829十亿美元，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-1936，为4.685十亿美元。CEIC提供的GDP：政府消费支出和总投资：州和地方政府：消费支出数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Bureau of Economic Analysis，数据归类于全球数据库的美国 – Table US.A006: NIPA 2023: GDP by Expenditure: Current Price: Annual。