The house price-to-income ratio in the United States has reached concerning levels, with the index hitting ***** in the second quarter of 2025. This indicates that house prices have outpaced income growth by *****percent since 2015, highlighting a growing affordability crisis in the housing market. The widening gap between home prices and wages is putting homeownership out of reach for many Americans, particularly as real wages have remained stagnant. Rising home prices and stagnant wages While average annual real wages in the United States have increased slightly since 2014, home prices have soared. The median sales price of existing single-family homes reached a record-high in 2024, representing a substantial increase over the past five years. This disparity between wage growth and home price appreciation has led to a significant decrease in housing affordability across the country. Affordability challenges in the U.S. housing market The U.S. Housing Affordability Index, which measures whether a family earning the median income can afford a median-priced home, plummeted in 2024, marking the second-worst year for homebuyers since records began. This decline in affordability is reflected in homebuyer sentiment, with homebuyer sentiment plummeting.

Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.

United States US: Price to Income Ratio: sa data was reported at 130.892 2015=100 in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 129.315 2015=100 for 2023. United States US: Price to Income Ratio: sa data is updated yearly, averaging 113.539 2015=100 from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2024, with 55 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 132.929 2015=100 in 1979 and a record low of 90.287 2015=100 in 2012. United States US: Price to Income Ratio: sa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.OECD.AHPI: House Price Index: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Annual. Nominal house prices divided by nominal disposable income per head. Net household disposable income is used. The population data come from the OECD national accounts database.

Buenos Aires, Argentina, was the least affordable city in South America in the first half of 2022 to buy an apartment. The ratio measures the number of years needed for a two-earner household where one person works full time and one person works half-time to buy a 90-square meter apartment. It assumes the property has the average square meter price for the city and that home buyers earn the average net salary. Montevideo, Uruguay, was one of the most affordable cities, where it took about nine years to buy an apartment.

Price to Rent Ratio in the United States increased to 134.20 in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 133.60 in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Price to Rent Ratio.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• US house prices grew 5.2% YoY in Dec 2024, following an increase of 5.4% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1992 to Dec 2024, with an average growth rate of 5.4%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 17.7% in Sep 2021 and a record low of -12.4% in Dec 2008.

Graph and download economic data for Real Residential Property Prices for United States (QUSR628BIS) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about residential, HPI, housing, real, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Housing Affordability Index (Fixed) (FIXHAI) from Jul 2024 to Jul 2025 about fixed, housing, indexes, and USA.

Price to Income Ratio：SA在12-01-2024达130.8922015=100，相较于12-01-2023的129.3152015=100有所增长。Price to Income Ratio：SA数据按年更新，12-01-1970至12-01-2024期间平均值为113.5392015=100，共55份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-1979，达132.9292015=100，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-2012，为90.2872015=100。CEIC提供的Price to Income Ratio：SA数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development，数据归类于全球数据库的美国 – Table US.OECD.AHPI: House Price Index: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Annual。

New Zealand has *** of the highest house price-to-income ratios in the world; nonetheless, since the first quarter of 2022, the country's house price-to-income ratio started to trend downward. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the ratio was *****, a slight decrease from the same quarter of the previous year. This ratio was calculated by dividing nominal house prices by nominal disposable income per head, and is considered a measure of affordability. Homeownership dream New Zealand has been in what is widely considered a housing bubble. The disproportionately large increases in residential house prices have placed the dream of owning their own home out of reach for many in the country. In 2024, around ** percent of residential properties were sold for over a million New Zealand dollars. The majority of mortgage lending in the country went to owner-occupiers where the property was not their first home, with first-home buyers often struggling to secure a loan. In general, only New Zealand residents and citizens can buy homes in the country to live in, with new regulations tightening investment activity in that market. Rent affordability Due to New Zealand's high property prices, many individuals and families are stuck renting for prolonged periods. However, with rent prices increasing across the country and the share of monthly income spent on rent trending upwards in tandem with a highly competitive rental market, renting is becoming a less appealing prospect for many. The Auckland and Bay of Plenty regions had the highest weekly rent prices across the country as of December 2024, with the Southland region recording the lowest rent prices per week.

This dataset provides values for PRICE TO RENT RATIO reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Graph and download economic data for All-Transactions House Price Index for New York (NYSTHPI) from Q1 1975 to Q2 2025 about appraisers, NY, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Price-Earnings-Ratio Time Series for Farmland Partners Inc. Farmland Partners Inc. is an internally managed real estate company that owns and seeks to acquire high-quality North American farmland and makes loans to third-party farmers (both tenant and non-tenant) and landowners secured by farm real estate and/or other agricultural related assets. As of March 31, 2025, the Company owned and/or managed approximately 139,200 acres of farmland in 16 states, including Arkansas, California, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Texas and West Virginia. In addition, the Company owns land and buildings for four agriculture equipment dealerships in Ohio leased to Ag Pro under the John Deere brand. The Company elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2014.

Out of a total of *** million housing units in New York City in 2021, approximately ******* homes had housing costs between ** and ** percent of the household budget. New York City is notoriously known for its shortage of affordable housing: Overall, for a large percentage of New York City residents, housing costs exceeded ** percent.

Graph and download economic data for Residential Property Prices for Canada (QCAN628BIS) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about Canada, residential, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, and price.

Graph and download economic data for Real Residential Property Prices for Denmark (QDKR628BIS) from Q1 1970 to Q1 2025 about Denmark, residential, HPI, housing, real, price index, indexes, and price.

The homebuyer sentiment in the United States worsened substantially in 2021 and remained low for all age groups until 2025. As of January 2025, the homebuyer outlook was the worst for people in the age group 35 to 44, with a net homebuyer sentiment of negative 58. This means that the share of respondents who thought it was a bad time to buy a home outweighed the share of respondents who said the contrary by 58 percent. The decline in sentiment is correlated with the falling homeowner affordability. In 2023, the U.S. homeowner affordability index fell to the lowest level on record.

US Census American Community Survey (ACS) 2016, 5-year estimates of the key housing characteristics of Congressional Districts (115th US Congress) geographic level in Orange County, California. The data contains 406 fields for the variable groups H01: Housing occupancy (universe: total housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H02: Units in structure (universe: total housing units, table X25, 11 fields); H03: Population in occupied housing units by tenure by units in structure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H04: Year structure built (universe: total housing units, table X25, 15 fields); H05: Rooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H06: Bedrooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 21 fields); H07: Housing tenure by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 51 fields); H08: Total population in occupied housing units by tenure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H09: Vacancy status (universe: vacant housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H10: Occupied housing units by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H11: Year householder moved into unit (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H12: Vehicles available (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H13: Housing heating fuel (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 10 fields); H14: Selected housing characteristics (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 9 fields); H15: Occupants per room (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H16: Housing value (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 32 fields); H17: Price asked for vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units (universe: vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units, table X25, 28 fields); H18: Mortgage status (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 10 fields); H19: Selected monthly owner costs, SMOC (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 45 fields); H20: Selected monthly owner costs as a percentage of household income, SMOCAPI (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 26 fields); H21: Contract rent distribution and rent asked distribution in dollars (universe: renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent and vacant, for rent, and rented not occupied housing units, table X25, 7 fields); H22: Gross rent (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 28 fields), and; X23: Gross rent as percentage of household income (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 11 fields). The US Census geodemographic data are based on the 2016 TigerLines across multiple geographies. The spatial geographies were merged with ACS data tables. See full documentation at the OCACS project github page (https://github.com/ktalexan/OCACS-Geodemographics).

Price-To-Sales-Ratio Time Series for Franklin BSP Realty Trust Inc. Franklin BSP Realty Trust, Inc., a real estate finance company, originates, acquires, and manages a portfolio of commercial real estate debt investments secured by properties located in the United States and internationally. The company originates conduit loans; and invests in commercial real estate securities, as well as owns real estate acquired through foreclosure and deed in lieu of foreclosure and purchased for investment. It also invests in commercial real estate debt investments, which includes first mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, bridge loans, and other loans related to commercial real estate. The company qualifies as a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes. It generally would not be subject to federal corporate income taxes if it distributes at least 90% of its taxable income to its stockholders. Franklin BSP Realty Trust, Inc. was incorporated in 2012 and is headquartered in New York, New York.

US Census American Community Survey (ACS) 2021, 5-year estimates of the key housing characteristics of Congressional Districts (116th US Congress) geographic level in Orange County, California. The data contains 406 fields for the variable groups H01: Housing occupancy (universe: total housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H02: Units in structure (universe: total housing units, table X25, 11 fields); H03: Population in occupied housing units by tenure by units in structure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H04: Year structure built (universe: total housing units, table X25, 15 fields); H05: Rooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H06: Bedrooms (universe: total housing units, table X25, 21 fields); H07: Housing tenure by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 51 fields); H08: Total population in occupied housing units by tenure (universe: total population in occupied housing units, table X25, 3 fields); H09: Vacancy status (universe: vacant housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H10: Occupied housing units by race of householder (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 8 fields); H11: Year householder moved into unit (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H12: Vehicles available (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 18 fields); H13: Housing heating fuel (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 10 fields); H14: Selected housing characteristics (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 9 fields); H15: Occupants per room (universe: occupied housing units, table X25, 13 fields); H16: Housing value (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 32 fields); H17: Price asked for vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units (universe: vacant for sale only, and sold not occupied housing units, table X25, 28 fields); H18: Mortgage status (universe: owner-occupied units, table X25, 10 fields); H19: Selected monthly owner costs, SMOC (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 45 fields); H20: Selected monthly owner costs as a percentage of household income, SMOCAPI (universe: owner-occupied housing units with or without a mortgage, table X25, 26 fields); H21: Contract rent distribution and rent asked distribution in dollars (universe: renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent and vacant, for rent, and rented not occupied housing units, table X25, 7 fields); H22: Gross rent (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 28 fields), and; X23: Gross rent as percentage of household income (universe: occupied units paying rent, table X25, 11 fields). The US Census geodemographic data are based on the 2021 TigerLines across multiple geographies. The spatial geographies were merged with ACS data tables. See full documentation at the OCACS project GitHub page (https://github.com/ktalexan/OCACS-Geodemographics).