The annual value of new banknotes printed in the United States varied significantly between 2002 and 2023, showing a clear downward trend in recent years. The peak was in 2012, when the Bureau of Engraving and Printing produced banknotes valued at ***** billion U.S. dollars. During the quantitative easing of 2021, ***** billion U.S. dollars worth of banknotes were printed, marking the third-highest figure within the period. By 2023, the value of new banknotes printed had dropped by half, reaching ***** billion U.S. dollars. At the same time, the value of currency in circulation reached **** trillion U.S. dollars in 2023.

Money Supply M0 in the United States decreased to 5648600 USD Million in May from 5732900 USD Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The annual volume of new banknotes printed in the United States decreased generally after 2008. In 2022, *********** U.S. dollar banknotes were printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in the United States. This was the second lowest volume of banknotes printed during the observed period. At the same time, the total volume of currency in circulation increased steadily throughout the observed period and exceeded ********** banknotes in 2022.

Graph and download economic data for Currency in Circulation (CURRCIR) from Aug 1917 to Jun 2025 about currency and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Value of Notes Printed by Bureau of Engraving and Printing (NOTEVALUE) from 1993 to 2024 about printing, issues, notes, currency, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Base: Currency in Circulation (MBCURRCIR) from Jan 1959 to May 2025 about monetary base, currency, and USA.

Money Supply M2 in the United States increased to 21942 USD Billion in May from 21862.40 USD Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

United States - Currency in Circulation was 2385.15400 Bil. of $ in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Currency in Circulation reached a record high of 2385.15400 in May of 2025 and a record low of 3.71400 in August of 1917. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Currency in Circulation - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Base: Total (BOGMBASE) from Jan 1959 to May 2025 about monetary base and USA.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest *** trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars by June 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached ***** percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by *************, inflation had declined to *** percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at **** percent in ***********, before the first rate cut since ************** occurred in **************. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of ***** billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the ***** billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of ****** billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Graph and download economic data for Volume of Notes Printed by Bureau of Engraving and Printing (NOTEVOLUME) from 1994 to 2024 about printing, issues, notes, currency, and USA.

The total value of currency in circulation in the United States reached approximately *** trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, marking a slight increase from the previous year. Over the observed period, the value of currency rose steadily, with a notable spike in 2020. In 2023, the overall value of 100-dollar bills in circulation accounted for **** trillion U.S. dollars.

United States - Monetary Base; Currency in Circulation was 2378.00000 Mil. of $ in April of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Monetary Base; Currency in Circulation reached a record high of 2378.00000 in April of 2025 and a record low of 31.20000 in February of 1959. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Monetary Base; Currency in Circulation - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Money Supply M1 in the United States increased to 18712.60 USD Billion in May from 18667.60 USD Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M1 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The number of notes printed in a Fiscal Year by denomination

The value of M2 money supply in the U.S. amounted to 20.86 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, which was a slight decrease compared to the previous year. While between 2000 and 2019, the M2 money supply increased at a relatively slow pace, there was an exceptionally sharp increase in 2020, which was the result of the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The total value of U.S. dollars in circulation saw significant growth between 2000 and 2023, with 100-dollar bills making up the bulk of the total. By December 31, 2023, the value of 100-dollar bills in circulation surpassed 1.8 trillion U.S. dollars. In comparison, the total value of U.S. currency in circulation in 2023 was around 2.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

Money Supply M0 in Canada decreased to 226781 CAD Million in April from 229799 CAD Million in March of 2025. This dataset provides - Canada Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, China’s monetary authority, the People’s Bank of China, issued more than ** trillion yuan which was the highest amount issued in one year so far. Over the past years, the value of printed money increased steadily. The issuing of currency was one function of a central bank. Maintaining price stability One of the main policy objectives of the People’s Bank of China was to maintain price stability. Typically, countries set the desired inflation target and the central bank implements the necessary policies to achieve the said target. Usually, China keeps its inflation target at around ***** percent, but in 2021, the inflation rate dropped to under *** percent. If the inflation rate is too low, central banks can issue more currency and decrease the interest rate. In the opposite scenario, if the inflation rate is too high central banks try to reduce the amount of money in circulation by increasing the interest rate or decreasing bond prices. Managing the economy In capitalist market economies, economies usually undergo a boom and bust cycle. Central banks attempt to counteract this cyclical development to soften the impact for its citizens. For instance, the Chinese government aims to maintain an unemployment rate of around **** percent. However, crises such as the 2008 financial crisis and the outbreak of COVID-19 have an unforeseen impact on the economy. To lower the employment rate, the People’s Bank engaged specific monetary policies to stimulate the economy with the aim of increasing job creation.

In 2023, there were a total of **** billion U.S. dollar notes in circulation, roughly *** million more than in the previous year. Of these, **** billion were 100-dollar bills, which had the highest volume in circulation. This was followed by the one-dollar bill, with **** billion in circulation. During the observed period, the largest increase in the volume of currency in circulation occurred in 2020, as part of the quantitative easing measures introduced by the Federal Reserve.