The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6818 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 0.08% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 0.50%, though it remains 12.70% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

This dataset encapsulates a detailed examination of market dynamics over a five-year period, focusing on the fluctuation of prices and trading volumes across a diversified portfolio. It covers various sectors including energy commodities like natural gas and crude oil, metals such as copper, platinum, silver, and gold, cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin and Ethereum, and key stock indices and companies like the S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, Apple, Tesla, Microsoft, Google, Nvidia, Berkshire Hathaway, Netflix, Amazon, and Meta Platforms. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for analyzing trends and patterns in global markets.

Date: The date of the recorded data, formatted as DD-MM-YYYY. Natural_Gas_Price: Price of natural gas in USD per million British thermal units (MMBtu). Natural_Gas_Vol.: Trading volume of natural gas Crude_oil_Price: Price of crude oil in USD per barrel. Crude_oil_Vol.: Trading volume of crude oil Copper_Price: Price of copper in USD per pound. Copper_Vol.: Trading volume of copper Bitcoin_Price: Price of Bitcoin in USD. Bitcoin_Vol.: Trading volume of Bitcoin Platinum_Price: Price of platinum in USD per troy ounce. Platinum_Vol.: Trading volume of platinum Ethereum_Price: Price of Ethereum in USD. Ethereum_Vol.: Trading volume of Ethereum S&P_500_Price: Price index of the S&P 500. Nasdaq_100_Price: Price index of the Nasdaq 100. Nasdaq_100_Vol.: Trading volume for the Nasdaq 100 index Apple_Price: Stock price of Apple Inc. in USD. Apple_Vol.: Trading volume of Apple Inc. stock Tesla_Price: Stock price of Tesla Inc. in USD. Tesla_Vol.: Trading volume of Tesla Inc. stock Microsoft_Price: Stock price of Microsoft Corporation in USD. Microsoft_Vol.: Trading volume of Microsoft Corporation stock Silver_Price: Price of silver in USD per troy ounce. Silver_Vol.: Trading volume of silver Google_Price: Stock price of Alphabet Inc. (Google) in USD. Google_Vol.: Trading volume of Alphabet Inc. stock Nvidia_Price: Stock price of Nvidia Corporation in USD. Nvidia_Vol.: Trading volume of Nvidia Corporation stock Berkshire_Price: Stock price of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. in USD. Berkshire_Vol.: Trading volume of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. stock Netflix_Price: Stock price of Netflix Inc. in USD. Netflix_Vol.: Trading volume of Netflix Inc. stock Amazon_Price: Stock price of Amazon.com Inc. in USD. Amazon_Vol.: Trading volume of Amazon.com Inc. stock Meta_Price: Stock price of Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook) in USD. Meta_Vol.: Trading volume of Meta Platforms, Inc. stock Gold_Price: Price of gold in USD per troy ounce. Gold_Vol.: Trading volume of gold

Image attribute : Image by Freepik

Graph and download economic data for Index of Common Stock Prices, New York Stock Exchange for United States (M11007USM322NNBR) from Jan 1902 to May 1923 about New York, stock market, indexes, and USA.

The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6849 points on November 28, 2025, gaining 0.54% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 0.60%, though it remains 13.54% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on November of 2025.

The US_Stock_Data.csv dataset offers a comprehensive view of the US stock market and related financial instruments, spanning from January 2, 2020, to February 2, 2024. This dataset includes 39 columns, covering a broad spectrum of financial data points such as prices and volumes of major stocks, indices, commodities, and cryptocurrencies. The data is presented in a structured CSV file format, making it easily accessible and usable for various financial analyses, market research, and predictive modeling. This dataset is ideal for anyone looking to gain insights into the trends and movements within the US financial markets during this period, including the impact of major global events.

Key Features and Data Structure

The dataset captures daily financial data across multiple assets, providing a well-rounded perspective of market dynamics. Key features include:

• Commodities: Prices and trading volumes for natural gas, crude oil, copper, platinum, silver, and gold.
• Cryptocurrencies: Prices and volumes for Bitcoin and Ethereum, including detailed 5-minute interval data for Bitcoin.
• Stock Market Indices: Data for major indices such as the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100.
• Individual Stocks: Prices and volumes for major companies including Apple, Tesla, Microsoft, Google, Nvidia, Berkshire Hathaway, Netflix, Amazon, and Meta.

The dataset’s structure is designed for straightforward integration into various analytical tools and platforms. Each column is dedicated to a specific asset's daily price or volume, enabling users to perform a wide range of analyses, from simple trend observations to complex predictive models. The inclusion of intraday data for Bitcoin provides a detailed view of market movements.

Applications and Usability

This dataset is highly versatile and can be utilized for various financial research purposes:

• Market Analysis: Track the performance of key assets, compare volatility, and study correlations between different financial instruments.
• Risk Assessment: Analyze the impact of commodity price movements on related stock prices and evaluate market risks.
• Educational Use: Serve as a resource for teaching market trends, asset correlation, and the effects of global events on financial markets.

The dataset’s daily updates ensure that users have access to the most current data, which is crucial for real-time analysis and decision-making. Whether for academic research, market analysis, or financial modeling, the US_Stock_Data.csv dataset provides a valuable foundation for exploring the complexities of financial markets over the specified period.

Acknowledgements:

This dataset would not be possible without the contributions of Dhaval Patel, who initially curated the US stock market data spanning from 2020 to 2024. Full credit goes to Dhaval Patel for creating and maintaining the dataset. You can find the original dataset here: US Stock Market 2020 to 2024.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6825 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 0.18% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 0.39%, though it remains 12.82% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The value of the DJIA index amounted to ****** at the end of June 2025, up from ********* at the end of March 2020. Global panic about the coronavirus epidemic caused the drop in March 2020, which was the worst drop since the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008. Dow Jones Industrial Average index – additional information The Dow Jones Industrial Average index is a price-weighted average of 30 of the largest American publicly traded companies on New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, and includes companies like Goldman Sachs, IBM and Walt Disney. This index is considered to be a barometer of the state of the American economy. DJIA index was created in 1986 by Charles Dow. Along with the NASDAQ 100 and S&P 500 indices, it is amongst the most well-known and used stock indexes in the world. The year that the 2018 financial crisis unfolded was one of the worst years of the Dow. It was also in 2008 that some of the largest ever recorded losses of the Dow Jones Index based on single-day points were registered. On September 29, 2008, for instance, the Dow had a loss of ****** points, one of the largest single-day losses of all times. The best years in the history of the index still are 1915, when the index value increased by ***** percent in one year, and 1933, year when the index registered a growth of ***** percent.

Stock Data of Top USA Companies: Apple, Tesla, Amazon

👨‍💻 Author: Azhar Saleem

"https://github.com/azharsaleem18" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=github" alt="GitHub Profile"> "https://www.kaggle.com/azharsaleem" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/Kaggle-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=kaggle" alt="Kaggle Profile"> "https://www.linkedin.com/in/azhar-saleem/" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/LinkedIn-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=linkedin" alt="LinkedIn Profile">
"https://www.youtube.com/@AzharSaleem19" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/YouTube-Profile-red?style=for-the-badge&logo=youtube" alt="YouTube Profile"> "https://www.facebook.com/azhar.saleem1472/" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/Facebook-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=facebook" alt="Facebook Profile"> "https://www.tiktok.com/@azhar_saleem18" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/TikTok-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=tiktok" alt="TikTok Profile">
"https://twitter.com/azhar_saleem18" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/Twitter-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=twitter" alt="Twitter Profile"> "https://www.instagram.com/azhar_saleem18/" target="_blank"> https://img.shields.io/badge/Instagram-Profile-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=instagram" alt="Instagram Profile"> "mailto:azharsaleem6@gmail.com"> https://img.shields.io/badge/Email-Contact%20Me-red?style=for-the-badge&logo=gmail" alt="Email Contact">

Dataset Description

This dataset provides daily stock data for some of the top companies in the USA stock market, including major players like Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Tesla, and others. The data is collected from Yahoo Finance, covering each company’s historical data from its starting date until today. This comprehensive dataset enables in-depth analysis of key financial indicators and stock trends for each company, making it valuable for multiple applications.

Column Descriptions

The dataset contains the following columns, consistent across all companies:

• Date: The date of the stock data entry.
• Open: The stock's opening price for the day.
• High: The highest price reached during the trading day.
• Low: The lowest price during the trading day.
• Close: The stock’s closing price for the day.
• Volume: The total number of shares traded on that day.
• Dividends: Any dividends paid out on that day.
• Stock Splits: Records stock split events, if any, on that day.

Potential Use Cases

1. Machine Learning & Deep Learning:

   • Stock Price Prediction: Use historical prices to train models for forecasting future stock prices.
   • Sentiment Analysis and Price Correlation: Combine with external sentiment data to predict price movements based on market sentiment.
   • Anomaly Detection: Detect unusual price patterns or volume spikes using classification algorithms.

2. Data Science:

   • Trend Analysis: Identify long-term trends for each company or compare trends between companies.
   • Volatility Analysis: Calculate volatility to assess risk and return patterns over time.
   • Correlation Analysis: Compare stock performance across companies to study market relationships.

3. Data Analysis:

   • Historical Performance: Review historical data to understand growth trends, market impact of stock splits, and dividends.
   • Seasonal Patterns: Analyze data for seasonal trends or recurring patterns across years.
   • Investment Strategy Backtesting: Test various investment strategies based on historical data to assess potential profitability.

4. Financial Research:

   • Economic Impact Studies: Investigate how major events affected stock prices across top companies.
   • Sector-Specific Analysis: Identify performance differences across sectors, such as tech, healthcare, and retail.

This dataset is a powerful tool for analysts, researchers, and financial enthusiasts, offering versatility across multiple domains from stock analysis to algorithmic trading models.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index dropped around ***** points in the four weeks from February 12 to March 11, 2020, but has since recovered and peaked at ********* points as of November 24, 2024. In February 2020 - just prior to the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the DJIA index stood at a little over ****** points. U.S. markets suffer as virus spreads The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a turbulent period for stock markets – the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite also recorded dramatic drops. At the start of February, some analysts remained optimistic that the outbreak would ease. However, the increased spread of the virus started to hit investor confidence, prompting a record plunge in the stock markets. The Dow dropped by more than ***** points in the week from February 21 to February 28, which was a fall of **** percent – its worst percentage loss in a week since October 2008. Stock markets offer valuable economic insights The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a stock market index that monitors the share prices of the 30 largest companies in the United States. By studying the performance of the listed companies, analysts can gauge the strength of the domestic economy. If investors are confident in a company’s future, they will buy its stocks. The uncertainty of the coronavirus sparked fears of an economic crisis, and many traders decided that investment during the pandemic was too risky.

Graph and download economic data for Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) from 2015-12-02 to 2025-12-01 about stock market, average, industry, and USA.

Stock market index in the USA, September, 2025 The most recent value is 199.97 points as of September 2025, an increase compared to the previous value of 194.61 points. Historically, the average for the USA from January 1960 to September 2025 is 46.08 points. The minimum of 2.98 points was recorded in June 1962, while the maximum of 199.97 points was reached in September 2025. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

The Dow Jones U.S. Completion Total Stock Market Index

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

All data acquired on December 11th 2023

1) Ticker: Stock symbol identifying the company.

2) Company: Name of the company.

3) Sector: Industry category to which the company belongs.

4) Industry: Specific sector or business category of the company.

5) Country: Country where the company is based.

6) Market Cap: Total market value of a company's outstanding shares.

7) Price: Current stock price.

8) Change (%): Percentage change in stock price.

9) Volume: Number of shares traded.

10) Price to Earnings Ratio: Ratio of stock price to earnings per share.

11) Price to Earnings: Price-to-earnings ratio based on past earnings.

12) Forward Price to Earnings: Expected price-to-earnings ratio.

13) Price/Earnings to Growth: Ratio of P/E to earnings growth.

14) Price to Sales: Ratio of stock price to annual sales.

15) Price to Book: Ratio of stock price to book value.

16) Price to Cash: Ratio of stock price to cash per share.

17) Price to Free Cash Flow: Ratio of stock price to free cash flow.

18) Earnings Per Share This Year (%): Percentage change in earnings per share for the current year.

19) Earnings Per Share Next Year (%): Percentage change in earnings per share for the next year.

20) Earnings Per Share Past 5 Years (%): Percentage change in earnings per share over the past 5 years.

21) Earnings Per Share Next 5 Years (%): Estimated percentage change in earnings per share over the next 5 years.

22) Sales Past 5 Years (%): Percentage change in sales over the past 5 years.

23) Dividend (%): Dividend yield as a percentage of the stock price.

24) Return on Assets (%): Percentage return on total assets.

25) Return on Equity (%): Percentage return on shareholder equity.

26) Return on Investment (%): Percentage return on total investment.

27) Current Ratio: Ratio of current assets to current liabilities.

28) Quick Ratio: Ratio of liquid assets to current liabilities.

29) Long-Term Debt to Equity: Ratio of long-term debt to shareholder equity.

30) Debt to Equity: Ratio of total debt to shareholder equity.

31) Gross Margin (%): Percentage difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.

32) Operating Margin (%): Percentage of operating income to revenue.

33) Profit Margin: Percentage of net income to revenue.

34) Earnings: Net income of the company.

35) Outstanding Shares: Total number of shares issued by the company.

36) Float: Tradable shares available to the public.

37) Insider Ownership (%): Percentage of company owned by insiders.

38) Insider Transactions: Recent insider buying or selling activity.

39) Institutional Ownership (%): Percentage of company owned by institutional investors.

40) Float Short (%): Percentage of tradable shares sold short by investors.

41) Short Ratio: Number of days it would take to cover short positions.

42) Average Volume: Average number of shares traded daily.

43) Performance (Week) (%): Weekly stock performance percentage.

44) Performance (Month) (%): Monthly stock performance percentage.

45) Performance (Quarter) (%): Quarterly stock performance percentage.

46) Performance (Half Year) (%): Semi-annual stock performance percentage.

47) Performance (Year) (%): Annual stock performance percentage.

48) Performance (Year to Date) (%): Year-to-date stock performance percentage.

49) Volatility (Week) (%): Weekly stock price volatility percentage.

50) Volatility (Month) (%): Monthly stock price volatility percentage.

51) Analyst Recommendation: Analyst consensus recommendation on the stock.

52) Relative Volume: Volume compared to the average volume.

53) Beta: Measure of stock price volatility relative to the market.

54) Average True Range: Average price range of a stock.

55) Simple Moving Average (20) (%): Percentage difference from the 20-day simple moving average.

56) Simple Moving Average (50) (%): Percentage difference from the 50-day simple moving average.

57) Simple Moving Average (200) (%): Percentage difference from the 200-day simple moving average.

58) Yearly High (%): Percentage difference from the yearly high stock price.

59) Yearly Low (%): Percentage difference from the yearly low stock price.

60) Relative Strength Index: Momentum indicator measuring the speed and change of price movements.

61) Change from Open (%): Percentage change from the opening stock price.

62) Gap (%): Percentage difference between the previous close and the current open price.

63) Volume: Total number of shares traded.

The US capital market exchange ecosystem, encompassing exchanges like the NYSE, NASDAQ, and Cboe, is a robust and dynamic sector experiencing significant growth. Driven by factors such as increasing retail investor participation fueled by technological advancements and democratization of access to financial markets (e.g., through commission-free trading apps), and a surge in IPOs and other capital-raising activities by both established and emerging companies, the market demonstrates substantial expansion potential. The diversification of financial instruments beyond traditional equities and debt into areas like derivatives and ETFs further contributes to market expansion. Institutional investors, including hedge funds and mutual funds, continue to play a pivotal role, driving trading volume and liquidity. While regulatory changes and macroeconomic uncertainties pose potential restraints, the overall outlook remains positive, with a projected CAGR exceeding 8% for the forecast period 2025-2033. Technological innovations, including AI-driven trading algorithms and blockchain technology for enhanced security and transparency, are reshaping the landscape, promoting efficiency and attracting further investment. The segment breakdown reveals a substantial contribution from both primary and secondary markets, with equity trading likely holding a larger market share compared to debt instruments in the US context. Regional analysis highlights the dominance of North America, particularly the United States, due to its mature financial markets and large pool of both retail and institutional investors. However, other regions, including Europe and Asia-Pacific, are demonstrating increasing participation and growth, fueled by economic expansion and the rising middle class in emerging economies. The competitive landscape is characterized by established players alongside emerging fintech companies offering innovative trading platforms and services. This competition fosters innovation and enhances market efficiency, benefiting both investors and businesses seeking capital. The ongoing evolution of the ecosystem necessitates ongoing adaptation and strategic planning for all participants, ensuring relevance and profitability in a rapidly changing environment. Notable trends are: Increasing Capitalization in Equity Market Driving the Capital Market.

US Stock Market Data (21st November 2023 – 2nd February 2024)

Overview

This dataset provides detailed historical data on the US stock market, covering the period from 21st November 2023 to 2nd February 2024. It includes daily performance metrics for major stocks and indices, enabling investors, analysts, and researchers to study short-term market trends, fluctuations, and patterns.

Dataset Contents

The dataset contains the following key attributes for each trading day:

Date: The trading date.

Ticker: Stock ticker symbol (e.g., AAPL for Apple, MSFT for Microsoft).

Open Price: The price at which the stock opened for trading.

Close Price: The price at which the stock closed for trading . High Price: The highest price reached during the trading session.

Low Price: The lowest price reached during the trading session.

Adjusted Close Price: The closing price adjusted for splits and dividend payouts.

Trading Volume: The total number of shares traded on that day.

Highlights

Time Period: Covers daily data for over two months of trading activity.

Market Scope: Includes data from a diverse set of stocks, industries, and sectors, reflecting the broader US market trends.

Indices and Major Stocks: Tracks key indices (e.g., S&P 500, NASDAQ) and major stocks across various sectors .

Potential Applications

Analyzing short-term market performance trends. Developing trading strategies or backtesting investment models. Exploring the impact of macroeconomic events on stock performance. Studying sector-wise performance in the US stock market.

Data Source

The data has been sourced from publicly available market records, ensuring reliability and accuracy. Each data point represents an official trading record from the respective exchange.

Usage Notes

The dataset is intended for educational, analytical, and research purposes only. Users should be mindful of potential market anomalies or external factors influencing data during this time frame.

Acknowledgments

Special thanks to the organizations and platforms that make financial market data accessible for analysis and research.

Graph and download economic data for Dow-Jones Industrial Stock Price Index for United States (M1109BUSM293NNBR) from Dec 1914 to Dec 1968 about stock market, industry, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Throughout the 1920s, prices on the U.S. stock exchange rose exponentially, however, by the end of the decade, uncontrolled growth and a stock market propped up by speculation and borrowed money proved unsustainable, resulting in the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. This set a chain of events in motion that led to economic collapse - banks demanded repayment of debts, the property market crashed, and people stopped spending as unemployment rose. Within a year the country was in the midst of an economic depression, and the economy continued on a downward trend until late-1932.

It was during this time where Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was elected president, and he assumed office in March 1933 - through a series of economic reforms and New Deal policies, the economy began to recover. Stock prices fluctuated at more sustainable levels over the next decades, and developments were in line with overall economic development, rather than the uncontrolled growth seen in the 1920s. Overall, it took over 25 years for the Dow Jones value to reach its pre-Crash peak.

Snapshot img

North America Rolling Stock Market Size 2025-2029

The North America rolling stock market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.93 billion at a CAGR of 4.1% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by the surging demand for freight wagons, underpinned by the low transportation cost of freight. This dynamic is particularly notable in the context of the growing demand for raw materials and finished goods, necessitating the transportation of large volumes over long distances. However, the market faces significant challenges. Stringent safety and environmental regulations for rolling stock pose substantial hurdles for manufacturers and operators. These regulations require substantial investments in research and development, as well as the adoption of advanced technologies to ensure compliance.
Additionally, the need for continuous innovation to meet evolving customer needs and regulatory requirements adds to the market's complexity. Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities must navigate these challenges effectively, focusing on the development of safe, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective rolling stock solutions.

What will be the size of the North America Rolling Stock Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
Request Free Sample

The North American railway market is experiencing significant advancements, with railroad electrification gaining momentum. Body shells and suspension systems are being upgraded for enhanced passenger comfort, while tunnel boring technology facilitates the expansion of rail networks. Axle assemblies, trucks (bogies), and wheel sets undergo continuous improvement for optimal track stability and condition monitoring. Climate control systems ensure passenger comfort in extreme temperatures, and accessibility features cater to diverse user needs. Seating capacity is a key consideration in train scheduling and route optimization. Railroad construction incorporates advanced braking systems, fire suppression systems, and security measures. Power substations and overhead catenery are essential components of electric traction motors, enabling efficient energy transfer.
Track alignment and geometry are crucial for ensuring optimal train performance and safety. Bridge construction and track renewal are ongoing processes to maintain the integrity of the railway infrastructure. Suspension systems, body shells, and wheel sets are integral to maintaining track stability, while axle assemblies and trucks (bogies) facilitate smooth train movement. Railroad electrification, passenger information systems, and route optimization contribute to the overall efficiency and productivity of the railway sector. Accessibility features, climate control, and passenger comfort are essential considerations for enhancing the user experience. Braking systems, track alignment, and track renewal are critical for ensuring safety and reliability.
Suspension systems, axle assemblies, and wheel sets undergo continuous improvement for optimal train performance. Railway electrification, tunnel boring, and bridge construction are driving the expansion of railway networks. Seating capacity, train scheduling, and route optimization are essential for efficient rail operations. Track condition monitoring, climate control, and passenger information systems are key components of modern railway infrastructure. Fire suppression systems, security systems, and suspension systems are integral to ensuring train safety and passenger comfort. Track alignment, track renewal, and axle assemblies are crucial for maintaining optimal train performance. Electric traction motors, overhead catenery, and power substations facilitate efficient energy transfer and train movement.
The North American railway market is witnessing advancements in railroad electrification, suspension systems, and passenger comfort. Bridge construction, track renewal, and train scheduling are essential for maintaining the integrity and efficiency of railway infrastructure. Axle assemblies, wheel sets, and braking systems are critical components for optimal train performance. Climate control, passenger comfort, and accessibility features are essential considerations for modern railway infrastructure. Railroad electrification, track alignment, and route optimization are key drivers of railway expansion and efficiency. Suspension systems, axle assemblies, and wheel sets are integral to maintaining optimal train performance and safety.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Rapid transit vehicles
  Railroad cars
  Locomotives

This dataset provides a comprehensive, pre-processed collection of U.S. stock market data, specifically curated for quantitative analysis, financial modeling, and machine learning applications focused on volatility and asset pricing. It is optimized to include essential price and volume change metrics, along with market fundamentals, to facilitate efficient research.

The data is collected into previous 1000 & 3500 market open days since 10/12/2025. Note for a stock to be in each dataset it must have at least 1000 & 3500 days of history. The source data is located at https://stooq.com/db/h/ and an extract script can be found in my accompanying notebook.

📊 Key Data Fields & Structure

The time-series data files (log_change.pkl) are optimized for quantitative modeling, where raw prices are replaced by daily change metrics to capture volatility and momentum efficiently.

Time-Series (3D NumPy Array Structure)

The 3D array (trimmed_market_data_log_change_1000.pkl) is structured as (Days, Features, Tickers) and contains the following 5 features per day:

ticker

date

log_Ret (Close-to-Close): Logarithmic return, ln(Closet​/Closet−1​). Used for overall volatility and total return.

log_Vol: Log change in volume, ln(Volt​/Volt−1​). Used to measure trading activity change.

OC_Log_Change (Open-to-Close): Intraday logarithmic return, ln(Closet​/Opent​). Used to isolate intraday volatility from overnight gaps.

HL_Range_Pct: Daily High-Low range normalized by previous close, (Hight​−Lowt​)/Closet−1​. Used as a proxy for realized daily volatility (Parkinson-like measure).

Fundamentals (market_fundamentals.csv)

This file contains point in time cross-sectional data, including fields like:

Ticker

Company Name (e.g., Agilent Technologies, Inc.)

marketCap

sector

industry

Read using pd.read_pickle('')

💡 Potential Use Cases

Volatility Forecasting: Use the historical time-series features (Log_Ret, HL_Range_Pct) to train models (e.g., GARCH, machine learning) to predict future volatility.

Alpha Generation: Develop trading signals based on the cross-sectional fundamentals combined with recent momentum/volatility changes.

Anomaly Detection: Use the difference between overnight return (implied by CC minus OC) to detect potential mispricings or significant after-hours news impact.

Factor Modeling: Construct stock factors based on market capitalization, price levels, and the novel volatility features provided.