The seasonally-adjusted national unemployment rate is measured on a monthly basis in the United States. In February 2025, the national unemployment rate was at 4.1 percent. Seasonal adjustment is a statistical method of removing the seasonal component of a time series that is used when analyzing non-seasonal trends. U.S. monthly unemployment rate According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics - the principle fact-finding agency for the U.S. Federal Government in labor economics and statistics - unemployment decreased dramatically between 2010 and 2019. This trend of decreasing unemployment followed after a high in 2010 resulting from the 2008 financial crisis. However, after a smaller financial crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, unemployment reached 8.1 percent in 2020. As the economy recovered, the unemployment rate fell to 5.3 in 2021, and fell even further in 2022. Additional statistics from the BLS paint an interesting picture of unemployment in the United States. In November 2023, the states with the highest (seasonally adjusted) unemployment rate were the Nevada and the District of Columbia. Unemployment was the lowest in Maryland, at 1.8 percent. Workers in the agricultural and related industries suffered the highest unemployment rate of any industry at seven percent in December 2023.

The unemployment rate in fiscal year 2204 rose to 3.9 percent. The unemployment rate of the United States which has been steadily decreasing since the 2008 financial crisis, spiked to 8.1 percent in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The annual unemployment rate of the U.S. since 1990 can be found here. Falling unemployment The unemployment rate, or the part of the U.S. labor force that is without a job, fell again in 2022 after peaking at 8.1 percent in 2020 - a rate that has not been seen since the years following the 2008 financial crisis. The financial crash caused unemployment in the U.S. to soar from 4.6 percent in 2007 to 9.6 percent in 2010. Since 2010, the unemployment rate had been steadily falling, meaning that more and more people are finding work, whether that be through full-time employment or part-time employment. However, the affects of the COVID-19 pandemic created a spike in unemployment across the country. U.S. unemployment in comparison Compared to unemployment rates in the European Union, U.S. unemployment is relatively low. Greece was hit particularly hard by the 2008 financial crisis and faced a government debt crisis that sent the Greek economy into a tailspin. Due to this crisis, and the added impact of the pandemic, Greece still has the highest unemployment rate in the European Union.

In 2023, it was estimated that over 161 million Americans were in some form of employment, while 3.64 percent of the total workforce was unemployed. This was the lowest unemployment rate since the 1950s, although these figures are expected to rise in 2023 and beyond. 1980s-2010s Since the 1980s, the total United States labor force has generally risen as the population has grown, however, the annual average unemployment rate has fluctuated significantly, usually increasing in times of crisis, before falling more slowly during periods of recovery and economic stability. For example, unemployment peaked at 9.7 percent during the early 1980s recession, which was largely caused by the ripple effects of the Iranian Revolution on global oil prices and inflation. Other notable spikes came during the early 1990s; again, largely due to inflation caused by another oil shock, and during the early 2000s recession. The Great Recession then saw the U.S. unemployment rate soar to 9.6 percent, following the collapse of the U.S. housing market and its impact on the banking sector, and it was not until 2016 that unemployment returned to pre-recession levels. 2020s 2019 had marked a decade-long low in unemployment, before the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic saw the sharpest year-on-year increase in unemployment since the Great Depression, and the total number of workers fell by almost 10 million people. Despite the continuation of the pandemic in the years that followed, alongside the associated supply-chain issues and onset of the inflation crisis, unemployment reached just 3.67 percent in 2022 - current projections are for this figure to rise in 2023 and the years that follow, although these forecasts are subject to change if recent years are anything to go by.

Graph and download economic data for Unemployment Rate for United States (M0892BUSM156SNBR) from Jan 1940 to Dec 1946 about unemployment, rate, and USA.

In 1990, the unemployment rate of the United States stood at 5.6 percent. Since then there have been many significant fluctuations to this number - the 2008 financial crisis left millions of people without work, as did the COVID-19 pandemic. By the end of 2022 and throughout 2023, the unemployment rate came to 3.6 percent, the lowest rate seen for decades. However, 2024 saw an increase up to four percent. For monthly updates on unemployment in the United States visit either the monthly national unemployment rate here, or the monthly state unemployment rate here. Both are seasonally adjusted. UnemploymentUnemployment is defined as a situation when an employed person is laid off, fired or quits his work and is still actively looking for a job. Unemployment can be found even in the healthiest economies, and many economists consider an unemployment rate at or below five percent to mean there is 'full employment' within an economy. If former employed persons go back to school or leave the job to take care of children they are no longer part of the active labor force and therefore not counted among the unemployed. Unemployment can also be the effect of events that are not part of the normal dynamics of an economy. Layoffs can be the result of technological progress, for example when robots replace workers in automobile production. Sometimes unemployment is caused by job outsourcing, due to the fact that employers often search for cheap labor around the globe and not only domestically. In 2022, the tech sector in the U.S. experienced significant lay-offs amid growing economic uncertainty. In the fourth quarter of 2022, more than 70,000 workers were laid off, despite low unemployment nationwide. The unemployment rate in the United States varies from state to state. In 2021, California had the highest number of unemployed persons with 1.38 million out of work.

In February 2025, the unemployment rate for those aged 16 and over in the United States came to 4.5 percent. Service occupations had an unemployment rate of 6.3 percent in that month. The underemployment rate of the country can be accessed here and the monthly unemployment rate here. Unemployment by occupation in the U.S. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics publish data on the unemployment situation within certain occupations in the United States on a monthly basis. According to latest data released from May 2023, transportation and material moving occupations experienced the highest level of unemployment that month, with a rate of around 5.6 percent. Second ranked was farming, fishing, and forestry occupations with a rate of 4.9 percent. Total (not seasonally adjusted) unemployment was reported at 3.6 percent in March 2023. Other data on the U.S. unemployment rate by industry and class of worker shows comparable results. It should be noted that the data were not seasonally adjusted to account for normal seasonal fluctuations in unemployment. The monthly unemployment by occupation data can be compared to the seasonally adjusted monthly unemployment rate. In March 2023, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was 3.5 percent, which was an increase from the previous month. The annual unemployment rate in 2022 was 3.6 percent, down from a high of 9.6 in 2010. Unemployment in the United States trended downward after the coronavirus pandemic, and is now experiencing consistently low rates - a sign of economic stability. Individuals who opt to leave the workforce and stop looking for employment are not included among the unemployed. The civilian labor force participation rate in the U.S. rose to 62.2 percent in 2022, down from 67.1 percent in 2000, before the financial crisis.

Graph and download economic data for Real-time Sahm Rule Recession Indicator (SAHMREALTIME) from Dec 1959 to Jul 2025 about recession indicators, academic data, and USA.

Long-term unemployment surged in the United States in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008) and Great Recession (2008-2009). The long-term unemployment rate did not fall below its pre-Great Recession levels until March 2020, which was caused by the surge in the numbers of regular unemployed persons in the U.S., not by a decrease in the absolute number of long-term unemployed. Long-term unemployment is defined as a worker who is seeking work having been unemployed for 27 weeks or longer. This is a serious problem in the United States as many long-term unemployed workers have low levels of educational attainment, have worked in declining industries in the past (such as some primary or manufacturing sectors), or come from minority groups. Active labor market policies are used to address these issues, with schemes such as training and job-sharing schemes aiming to improve the job prospects of the long-term unemployed. The question of whether automation and other structural changes to the economy are causing a secular increase in long-term unemployment is a key issue facing the U.S. in the 21st century.

Unemployment Rate in Canada remained unchanged at 6.90 percent in July. This dataset provides - Canada Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

IntroductionThrough variations in reporting volume and discursive strategies, the media communicates risks to the public and shapes perceptions during crises.MethodsThis study conducted a corpus-based, quantitative analysis of topoi in American newspapers during the 2008 financial crisis and the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, comparing media representations of unemployment.ResultsIt identifies four recurrent topoi common to both crises that characterize media coverage of unemployment. However, differences in other recurring topics reflect variations in the distinct causes of the crises, unemployment dynamics, and social policy responses.DiscussionThese findings highlight the media’s distinct influences on the evolution of each crisis and its portrayal of unemployment. By examining how media strategies shape discourse on unemployment, this study deepens our understanding of the interplay between media, discourse analysis, and crisis management during major economic disruptions.

This study, integrating sentiment, emotion, discourse, and timeline analyses together, conducts a corpus-based sentiment analysis of the news articles on unemployment from the New York Times in 2020, to capture the emotional dynamics conveyed by the newspaper as the pandemic-induced unemployment developed in the US. The results reveal that positive sentiment in the news articles on unemployment is significantly higher than negative sentiment. In emotion analysis, “trust” and “anticipation”rank the first and second among the eight emotions, while “fear”and “sadness” top the negative emotions. Complemented with a discourse analysis approach, the study reveals that the change of the sentiments and emotions over time is linked with the evolution of the pandemic and unemployment, the policy response as well as the protests against ethnic inequalities. This study highlights the important role mainstream news media play in information dissemination and solution-focused reportage at the time of severe crisis.This dataset contains 14 documents for the data of 2 sentiments and 8 emotions, generated by Python. It includes NRC lexicon categories for the sentiments and emotions in the study (data1-10), top 10 high-frequency words associated to the sentiments and emotions in each of the 12 subcorpora (data11-12), and monthly values of the sentiments and emotions in 2020 (data 13-14).

Unemployment Rate in India decreased to 5.20 percent in July from 5.60 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - India Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Social services provision is countercyclical; it proliferates during economic downturns and periods of crisis when assistance and funding are most needed. The pandemic was one such crisis. It exacerbated the need for social assistance, including family counseling and crisis intervention services. Federal funding from the CARES Act supported the funding, benefiting nonprofit establishments and those qualified for government funds, supporting revenue volatility that rose from low to near-high levels, with demand experiencing a significant jump. The industry quickly adapted to meet demand because of the fragmented nature of service provision and the diversity of services offered (counseling, rehabilitation, shelter and food, crisis intervention and self-help). It expanded with growth in the number of establishments and employment. As the drop in the unemployment rate and gains in per capita disposable income offset the drop in federal funding for social services later in the period, industry-wide revenue is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.5%, reaching $73.1 billion in 2025, including a revenue gain of 2.6% in 2025 alone. Advances in the quality and scope of telehealth have impacted industry costs, competition and services. The ability to conduct counseling sessions remotely reduces service interruption from cancellations or missed appointments, saving revenue. Telehealth innovations permit the expansion of markets, leading to economies of scale. Increased familiarity with telehealth has encouraged remote services and spurred entry, heightening competition while bringing needed services to underserved locations. Developments in artificial intelligence applications strengthen the quality of services by offering immediate strategies to clients when live respondents are unavailable. The industry is poised for growth but at a slower pace. Poverty and crime rates are forecast to drop, dampening the need for some services. The declining unemployment rate and increasing per capita disposable income will positively impact consumers’ discretionary funds. Telehealth options are expanding, but the impact of competition for skilled workers and operations costs are expected to climb and erode profit. With some reduction expected in social services expenditures - barring any significant shift in government policy away from programs that provide crisis services or drastic declines in funding for other industry services - industry revenue is expected to expand at a CAGR of 1.3% through 2030 to an estimated $78.0 billion.

We study supply and demand shocks in a disaggregated model with multiple sectors, multiple factors, input-output linkages, downward nominal wage rigidities, credit-constraints, and a zero lower bound. We use the model to understand how the Covid-19 crisis, an omnibus supply and demand shock, affects output, unemployment, and inflation, and leads to the coexistence of tight and slack labor markets. We show that negative sectoral supply shocks are stagflationary, whereas negative demand shocks are deflationary, even though both can cause Keynesian unemployment. Furthermore,complementarities in production amplify Keynesian spillovers from supply shocks but mitigate them for demand shocks. This means that complementarities reduce the effectiveness of aggregate demand stimulus. In a stylized quantitative model of the US, we find supply and demand shocks each explain about half the reduction in real GDP from February to May, 2020. Although there was as much as 6% Keynesian unemployment, this was concentrated incertain markets. Hence, aggregate demand stimulus is one quarter as effective as in a typical recession where all labor markets are slack.

Analysis of ‘Okun's Law’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/youneseloiarm/okuns-law on 28 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Context

The importance of Okun's Law at the economic level especially when we talk about the problem of Unemployment, this model helps us to know how to remove or reduce the problem of unemployment. further, it can give us more information about the type of unemployment. However, for this version of Data, I based on the several countries to know the special elements with them when we apply the same model. that's why I choose annual frequentists because we do have not the same volume of data for all countries that I had to choose it.

Content

First of all, this data is available for everyone, just install wbdata package in your notebook. So this data has 4 features that are really important to build Okun's Law model. GDP growth: Gross Domestic Products growth (annual %) Unemployment_TLF: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) Unemployment_AEF :: Unemployment with advanced education, female (% of female labor force with advanced education) Unemployment_AEM: Unemployment with advanced education, male (% of male labor force with advanced education) Unemployment_AET : Unemployment with advanced education (% of total labor force with advanced education)

Acknowledgements

Okun's Law model is like this :

Unemployment = beta * GDP Growth + alpha

Inspiration

As you know the data is not enough, so we need to use the Bayesian approach to estimate these coefficients.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

The statistic shows the distribution of the workforce across economic sectors in the United States from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, 1.57 percent of the workforce in the US was employed in agriculture, 19.34 percent in industry and 79.09 percent in services. See U.S. GDP per capita for more information. American workforce A significant majority of the American labor force is employed in the services sector, while the other sectors, industry and agriculture, account for less than 20 percent of the US economy. However, the United States is among the top exporters of agricultural goods – the total value of US agricultural exports has more than doubled since 2000. A severe plunge in the employment rate in the US since 1990 shows that the American economy is still in turmoil after the economic crisis of 2008. Unemployment is still significantly higher than it was before the crisis, and most of those unemployed and looking for a job are younger than 25; youth unemployment is a severe problem for the United States, many college or university graduates struggle to find a job right away. Still, the number of employees in the US since 1990 has been increasing slowly, with a slight setback during and after the recession. Both the number of full-time and of part-time workers have increased during the same period. When looking at the distribution of jobs among men and women, both project the general downward trend. A comparison of the employment rate of men in the US since 1990 and the employment rate of women since 1990 shows that more men tend to be employed than women.

With the collapse of the U.S. housing market and the subsequent financial crisis on Wall Street in 2007 and 2008, economies across the globe began to enter into deep recessions. What had started out as a crisis centered on the United States quickly became global in nature, as it became apparent that not only had the economies of other advanced countries (grouped together as the G7) become intimately tied to the U.S. financial system, but that many of them had experienced housing and asset price bubbles similar to that in the U.S.. The United Kingdom had experienced a huge inflation of housing prices since the 1990s, while Eurozone members (such as Germany, France and Italy) had financial sectors which had become involved in reckless lending to economies on the periphery of the EU, such as Greece, Ireland and Portugal. Other countries, such as Japan, were hit heavily due their export-led growth models which suffered from the decline in international trade. Unemployment during the Great Recession As business and consumer confidence crashed, credit markets froze, and international trade contracted, the unemployment rate in the most advanced economies shot up. While four to five percent is generally considered to be a healthy unemployment rate, nearing full employment in the economy (when any remaining unemployment is not related to a lack of consumer demand), many of these countries experienced rates at least double that, with unemployment in the United States peaking at almost 10 percent in 2010. In large countries, unemployment rates of this level meant millions or tens of millions of people being out of work, which led to political pressures to stimulate economies and create jobs. By 2012, many of these countries were seeing declining unemployment rates, however, in France and Italy rates of joblessness continued to increase as the Euro crisis took hold. These countries suffered from having a monetary policy which was too tight for their economies (due to the ECB controlling interest rates) and fiscal policy which was constrained by EU debt rules. Left with the option of deregulating their labor markets and pursuing austerity policies, their unemployment rates remained over 10 percent well into the 2010s. Differences in labor markets The differences in unemployment rates at the peak of the crisis (2009-2010) reflect not only the differences in how economies were affected by the downturn, but also the differing labor market institutions and programs in the various countries. Countries with more 'liberalized' labor markets, such as the United States and United Kingdom experienced sharp jumps in their unemployment rate due to the ease at which employers can lay off workers in these countries. When the crisis subsided in these countries, however, their unemployment rates quickly began to drop below those of the other countries, due to their more dynamic labor markets which make it easier to hire workers when the economy is doing well. On the other hand, countries with more 'coordinated' labor market institutions, such as Germany and Japan, experiences lower rates of unemployment during the crisis, as programs such as short-time work, job sharing, and wage restraint agreements were used to keep workers in their jobs. While these countries are less likely to experience spikes in unemployment during crises, the highly regulated nature of their labor markets mean that they are slower to add jobs during periods of economic prosperity.

Analysis of ‘Problem Resolution Offices’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/3c0fc6f2-03c4-4ad9-8968-6e012e4b6f02 on 26 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

This dataset covers ballots 351-53, and 355-56 spanning January, March, May, September, and October 1972. The dataset contains the data resulting from these polls in ASCII. The ballots are as follows: 351 - January This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country and throughout the world. There are also questions regarding class favouring laws, the welfare system and guaranteed annual income. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: the amount of U.S. capital in Canada; the approval of guaranteed annual income; the best political party for the future; class favouring laws in Canada; conditions of today versus the past year; how respondents feel about the United States; opinion of NDP leader David Lewis; opinion of Stanfield; opinion of Trudeau; respect for the United Nations; the seriousness of governmental leaks to the press; the seriousness of Quebec separation; the strength of Quebec separation; welfare system ratings; and what influences voting choices. Basic demographic variables are also included. 352 - March This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. Topics of interest include: emigrating from Canada, political involvement, Trudeau vs Stanfield as potential prime minister, the right to strike, opinions on the Liberal term, government support for less populated provinces, how the U.S. conceives of its relationship with Canada, voting behavior, voting outcomes, whether political parties should be financially transparent, and pollution. Basic demographic variables are also included. 353 - May This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political issues, bilingualism and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: the agreement to clear the pollution in the Great Lakes; bilingualism in Canada; the degree of interest in the next Federal election; expanding the NHL; the greatest threat to the future; the importance of basic human rights; the most important problem in Canada; political position (left wing-right wing); the productivity of Canadian workers; the option of remaining on unemployment insurance instead of working; the problem of inflation; the problem of unemployment; whether or not Trudeau conduct is appropriate in parliament; and if the United States sincerely respects the Canadian identity. Basic demographic variables are also included. 355 - September This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and the upcoming Federal election. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the problems facing Canada and the availability of birth control for teens. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: accepting Ugandan refugees; the availability of birth control to teens; the best political party to handle the problems facing Canada; confidence in United States' problem solving; being eligible to vote; giving provinces more power; what influences voting decisions; interest in the Federal election; the likelihood of voting in the Federal election; M.P.'s voting habits; the most important problem facing Canada; the political party with the best leader; the political party with the best policies; voluntary wage restraint; and women having the right to choose an abortion. Basic demographic variables are also included. 356 - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions on political issues within the country; such as voting habits and issues regarding the upcoming Federal election. There are also questions regarding tax relief, inflation and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: the amount of taxes paid by corporations; the certainty of voting in the upcoming Federal election; corporate tax relief; the ease at which to get unemployment insurance; the improved Canadian economy; improvements in inflation; the increase of unemployment insurance; the interest in the upcoming Federal election; the leader with the best campaign; Lewis's criticism of corporate tax; the most sincere leader; and whether or not a respondents name is on the voters list. Basic demographic variables are also included.