The EUR/USD exchange rate rose to 1.1802 on September 23, 2025, up 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has strengthened 1.62%, and is up by 5.46% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Luxembourg STATEC: Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: EUR/USD data was reported at 1.110 EUR/USD in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.090 EUR/USD for 2020. Luxembourg STATEC: Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: EUR/USD data is updated yearly, averaging 1.115 EUR/USD from Dec 2018 (Median) to 2021, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.230 EUR/USD in 2018 and a record low of 1.090 EUR/USD in 2020. Luxembourg STATEC: Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: EUR/USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.M009: Foreign Exchange Rate: Forecast: The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg.

BMF Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar: Annual Average data was reported at 1.100 USD/EUR in 2027. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.100 USD/EUR for 2026. BMF Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar: Annual Average data is updated yearly, averaging 1.100 USD/EUR from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2027, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.200 USD/EUR in 2022 and a record low of 1.100 USD/EUR in 2027. BMF Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar: Annual Average data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.M007: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar: Forecast.

The euro-to-dollar exchange rate fluctuated significantly in 2022, reaching its lowest recorded value since 2008 during that time. Figures were different later in the year, however, with a rate of 1.16 USD recorded at the end of August 27, 2025. The average (standardized) measure is based on the calculation of many observations throughout the period in question. It is therefore different from an annual measure at a point, which reflects concrete values as of end of the year.EstablishmentThe euro, which was established in 1992, introduced in non-physical form in 1999 and finally rolled out in 2002, is used by 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of countries is otherwise known as the eurozone or euro area. By 2018, the total value of euro currency in circulation was almost 1.2 trillion euros, or over 3.4 thousand euros per capita.Euro to USDBetween 2001 and 2008, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the U.S. dollar noted a steep increase. In 2008, the euro to U.S. dollar annual average exchange rate was equal to 1.47, which meant that one euro could buy 1.47 U.S. dollars. By 2019, this value had decreased overall, to a value of 1.12 which meant that one euro could buy 1.12 U.S. dollars. Similar dynamics in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate were also reflected in the monthly exchange rate recently.

The official currency of Ireland is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Ireland - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data was reported at 1.180 USD/EUR in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.130 USD/EUR for 2017. Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 1.155 USD/EUR from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2018, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.180 USD/EUR in 2018 and a record low of 1.130 USD/EUR in 2017. Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.M009: Foreign Exchange Rate: Forecast: The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg.

The Euro to Australian exchange rate history reveals a peak in March 2020 before declining well until mid-2022. Exchange rates fluctuate against each other constantly. As of August 20, 2025, the exchange rate was valued at 1.8 Australian dollars per euro. The rate at which one currency performs against another depends on the demand that it generates at any given time. Exchange rates are affected by several factors, including international trade, tourism, and geopolitical tensions.Euro gains strength against the Brexit PoundOne good example of geopolitical risks negatively impacting the strength of a currency is to look at the British Pound post Brexit referendum. The average annual exchange rate of the Euro to GBP increased significantly between 2015 and 2018.The Euro vs. the worldSince 2016, the euro has performed well against various other currencies. The Euro to U.S. dollar had seen its annual average exchange rate increase by 0.07 between 2016 and 2018, after slightly decreasing in 2019. Against the Indian Rupee, the Euro had performed even better, with the average annual exchange rate equaling 78.84 in 2019.

ECB Projection: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data was reported at 1.140 EUR/USD in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.140 EUR/USD for 2020. ECB Projection: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 1.140 EUR/USD from Dec 2018 (Median) to 2021, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.180 EUR/USD in 2018 and a record low of 1.140 EUR/USD in 2021. ECB Projection: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Central Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.M003: European Central Bank: Foreign Exchange Rate: Projection.

Luxembourg LU: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data was reported at 1.058 EUR/USD in 2026. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.058 EUR/USD for 2025. Luxembourg LU: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data is updated yearly, averaging 1.099 EUR/USD from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2026, with 67 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.468 EUR/USD in 2008 and a record low of 0.683 EUR/USD in 1985. Luxembourg LU: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Annual. EXCH - Exchange rate, USD per national currency (1/EXCHUD)

The official currency of Monaco is the Euro. EURO EXCHANGE RATE - EUR/USD - MONACO - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

The euro to Swiss franc exchange rate history suggests the currencies remained nearly unchanged since the summer of 2020. As of August 20, 2025, one euro was 0.94 Swiss francs. Between 2002 and 2007, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the Swiss franc noted an increase. In 2007, for instance, one euro could buy over 1.6 Swiss francs. By 2021, this value had decreased to a value of roughly 1.1. Nevertheless, this was not the lowest point, as the exchange rate was its lowest in May 2015.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to EURO data was reported at 1.123 EUR/USD in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.081 EUR/USD for Mar 2025. United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to EURO data is updated monthly, averaging 1.171 EUR/USD from Jan 1999 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 316 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.576 EUR/USD in Jul 2008 and a record low of 0.853 EUR/USD in Oct 2000. United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to EURO data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M: Spot Exchange Rate.

The official currency of Portugal is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Portugal - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this article is to model a minute series of exchange rates for the EUR/USD pair using the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and ARIMA-GARCH methods and evaluate which one offers better forecasts for a five-minute horizon. Originality/value: Despite being a successful technique in other branches of science, the application of SSA in finance is quite new. Furthermore, exchange rate modeling is a complex problem, comprising statistical concepts and properties. However, despite the complexity, the analysis of this series is extremely important for several agents playing, directly or indirectly, a role in the economy and the financial market. Design/methodology/approach: Time series models were estimated using the ARIMA-GARCH and SSA techniques, taking into account three samples of the ask exchange rate (closing): uptrend, downtrend, and no well-defined trend. Findings: The forecasts carried out by the SSA were the ones closest to the original observations for the three cases. Regarding the quality measurements, SSA obtained the best results for both uptrend and downtrend samples; for the sample with no well-defined trend, the findings indicated that the ARIMA-GARCH technique attained better results. However, it was concluded that the SSA forecasts, regarding exchange rates during the studied period, are more appropriate than the ones obtained by the ARIMA-GARCH model, regardless of the market movement.

Ireland IE: Exchange Rate: National Currency per USD data was reported at 0.946 USD/EUR in 2026. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.946 USD/EUR for 2025. Ireland IE: Exchange Rate: National Currency per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 0.847 USD/EUR from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2026, with 37 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.117 USD/EUR in 2001 and a record low of 0.684 USD/EUR in 2008. Ireland IE: Exchange Rate: National Currency per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Annual. EXCHUD - Exchange rate, national currency per USD

Lithuania LT: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data was reported at 1.058 EUR/USD in 2026. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.058 EUR/USD for 2025. Lithuania LT: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data is updated yearly, averaging 1.124 EUR/USD from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2026, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.469 EUR/USD in 2008 and a record low of 0.863 EUR/USD in 1999. Lithuania LT: Exchange Rate: USD per National Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Lithuania – Table LT.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Annual. EXCH - Exchange rate, USD per national currency (1/EXCHUD)

Key information about Spain Exchange Rate against USD

• Spain Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.920 (USD/EUR) in May 2023, compared with 0.912 USD/EUR in the previous month.
• Spain Exchange Rate against USD data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to May 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 1.173 in Oct 2000 and a record low of 0.234 in Mar 1957.

CEIC extends history for monthly average Exchange Rate against USD. Federal Reserve Board provides average Exchange Rate against USD. Spain joined the Euro zone on January 1st, 1999 with fixed conversion rate of 1 EUR = 166.386 ESP. Exchange Rate against USD prior to January 1999 is re-calculated using the fixed conversion rate. Exchange Rate against USD prior to January 1973 is sourced from the International Monetary Fund.


Key information about Spain Exchange Rate against USD

• In the latest reports, Spain Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: EURIBOR: 3 Months was reported at -0.573 % pa in Nov 2021.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Long Term Interest Rate: Month Avg: Spain: ECB Harmonised) was reported at 3.410 % pa in May 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Main Refinancing Operations) was set at 3.750 % pa in May 2023.

Slovakia SK: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Single Hit Scenario data was reported at 0.511 USD/EUR in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.511 USD/EUR for 2020. Slovakia SK: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Single Hit Scenario data is updated yearly, averaging 0.505 USD/EUR from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2021, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.565 USD/EUR in 2004 and a record low of 0.315 USD/EUR in 1992. Slovakia SK: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Single Hit Scenario data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Annual. PPP - Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD

Key information about European Union Exchange Rate against USD

• European Union Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.920 (USD/EUR) in May 2023, compared with 0.912 USD/EUR in the previous month.
• EU Exchange Rate against USD data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1999 to May 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 1.173 in Oct 2000 and a record low of 0.635 in Jul 2008.

Federal Reserve Board provides monthly average Exchange Rate against USD.


Key information about European Union Exchange Rate against USD

• In the latest reports, EU Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: EURIBOR: 3 Months was reported at -0.573 % pa in Nov 2021.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Government Bond Yield: Monthly Average: Euro: 10 Years) was reported at 3.206 % pa in May 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Main Refinancing Operations) was set at 3.750 % pa in May 2023.