The Census of Agriculture is a complete count of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. Even small plots of land - whether rural or urban - growing fruit, vegetables or some food animals count if $1,000 or more of such products were raised and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the Census year. The Census of Agriculture, taken only once every five years, looks at land use and ownership, operator characteristics, production practices, income and expenditures. For America's farmers and ranchers, the Census of Agriculture is their voice, their future, and their opportunity. The Census Data Query Tool (CDQT) is a web-based tool that is available to access and download table level data from the Census of Agriculture Volume 1 publication. The data found via the CDQT may also be accessed in the NASS Quick Stats database. The CDQT is unique in that it automatically displays data from the past five Census of Agriculture publications. The CDQT is presented as a "2017 centric" view of the Census of Agriculture data. All data series that are present in the 2017 dataset are available within the CDQT, and any matching data series from prior Census years will also display (back to 1997). If a data series is not included in the 2017 dataset, then data cells will remain blank in the tool. For example, one of the data series had a label change from "Operator" to "Producer." This means that data from prior Census years labelled "Operator" will not show up where the label has changed to “Producer” for 2017. The new Census Data Query Tool application can be used to query Census data from 1997 through 2017. Data are searchable by Census table and are downloadable as CSV or PDF files. 2017 Census Ag Atlas Maps are also available for download. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: 2017 Census of Agriculture - Census Data Query Tool (CDQT). File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Quick_Stats/CDQT/chapter/1/table/1 The Census Data Query Tool (CDQT) is a web based tool that is available to access and download table level data from the Census of Agriculture Volume 1 publication. The data found via the CDQT may also be accessed in the NASS Quick Stats database. The CDQT is unique in that it automatically displays data from the past five Census of Agriculture publications. The CDQT is presented as a "2017 centric" view of the Census of Agriculture data. All data series that are present in the 2017 dataset are available within the CDQT, and any matching data series from prior Census years will also display (back to 1997). If a data series is not included in the 2017 dataset, then data cells will remain blank in the tool. For example, one of the data series had a label change from "Operator" to "Producer." This means that data from prior Census years labelled "Operator" will not show up where the label has changed to "Producer" for 2017. Using CDQT:

Upon entering the CDQT, a data table is present. Changing the parameters at the top of the data table will retrieve different combinations of Census Chapter, Table, State, or County (when selecting Chapter 2). For the U.S., Volume 1, US/State Chapter 1 will include only U.S. data; Chapter 2 will include U.S. and State level data. For a State, Volume 1 US/State Level Data Chapter 1 will include only the State level data; Chapter 2 will include the State and county level data. Once a selection is made, press the “Update Grid” button to retrieve the new data table. Comma-separated values (CSV) download, compatible with most spreadsheet and database applications: to download a CSV file of the data as it is currently presented in the data grid, press the "CSV" button in the "Export Data" section of the toolbar. When CSV is chosen, data will be downloaded as numeric. To view the source PDF file for the data table, press the "View PDF" button in the toolbar.

Abstract

For more than 150 years, the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, conducted the census of agriculture. However, the 2002 Appropriations Act transferred the responsibility from the Bureau of the Census to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The 2007 Census of Agriculture for the U.S. Virgin Islands is the second census in the U.S. Virgin Islands conducted by NASS. The census of agriculture is taken to obtain agricultural statistics for each county, State (including territories and protectorates), and the Nation. The first U.S. agricultural census data were collected in 1840 as a part of the sixth decennial census. From 1840 to 1920, an agricultural census was taken as a part of each decennial census. Since 1920, a separate national agricultural census has been taken every 5 years. The 2007 census is the 14th census of agriculture of the U.S. Virgin Islands. The first, taken in 1920, was a special census authorized by the Secretary of Commerce. The next agriculture census was taken in 1930 in conjunction with the decennial census, a practice that continued every 10 years through 1960. The 1964 Census of Agriculture was the first quinquennial (5-year) census to be taken in the U.S. Virgin Islands. In 1976, Congress authorized the census of agriculture to be taken for 1978 and 1982 to adjust the data-reference year to coincide with the 1982 Economic Censuses covering manufacturing, mining, construction, retail trade, wholesale trade, service industries, and selected transportation activities. After 1982, the agriculture census reverted to a 5-year cycle. Data in this publication are for the calendar year 2007, and inventory data reflect what was on hand on December 31, 2007. This is the same reference period used in the 2002 census. Prior to the 2002 census, data was collected in the summer for the previous 12 months, with inventory items counted as what was on hand as of July 1 of the year the data collection was done.

Objectives: The census of agriculture is the leading source of statistics about the U.S. Virgin Islands’s agricultural production and the only source of consistent, comparable data at the island level. Census statistics are used to measure agricultural production and to identify trends in an ever changing agricultural sector. Many local programs use census data as a benchmark for designing and evaluating surveys. Private industry uses census statistics to provide a more effective production and distribution system for the agricultural community.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit was a farm, defined as "any place from which USD 500 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would had been sold, during the calendar year 2007". According to the census definition, a farm is essentially an operating unit, not an ownership tract. All land operated or managed by one person or partnership represents one farm. In the case of tenants, the land assigned to each tenant is considered a separate farm, even though the landlord may consider the entire landholding to be one unit rather than several separate units.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

(a) Method of Enumeration As in the previous censuses of the U.S. Virgin Islands, a direct enumeration procedure was used in the 2007 Census of Agriculture. Enumeration was based on a list of farm operators compiled by the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Agriculture. This list was compiled with the help of the USDA Farm Services Agency located in St. Croix. The statistics in this report were collected from farm operators beginning in January of 2003. Each enumerator was assigned a list of individuals or farm operations from a master enumeration list. The enumerators contacted persons or operations on their list and completed a census report form for all farm operations. If the person on the list was not operating a farm, the enumerator recorded whether the land had been sold or rented to someone else and was still being used for agriculture. If land was sold or rented out, the enumerator got the name of the new operator and contacted that person to ensure that he or she was included in the census.

(b) Frame The census frame consisted of a list of farm operators compiled by the U.S. Virgin Islands DA. This list was compiled with the help of the USDA Farm Services Agency, located in St. Croix.

(c) Complete and/or sample enumeration methods The census was a complete enumeration of all farm operators registered in the list compiled by the United States of America in the CA 2007.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire (report form) for the CA 2007 was prepared by NASS, in cooperation with the DA of the U.S. Virgin Islands. Only one questionnaire was used for data collection covering topics on:

• Land owned
• Land use
• Irrigation
• Conservation programs and crop insurance
• Field crops
• Bananas, coffee, pineapples and plantain crops
• Hay and forage crops
• Nursery, Greenhouse, Floriculture, Sod and tree seedlings
• Vegetables and melons
• Hydroponic crops
• Fruit
• Root crops
• Cattle and calves
• Poultry
• Hogs and pigs
• Aquaculture
• Other animals and livestock products
• Value of sales
• Organic agriculture
• Federal and commonwealth agricultural program payments
• Income from farm-related sources
• Production expenses
• Farm labour
• Fertilizer and chemicals applied
• Market value of land and buildings
• Machinery, equipment and buildings
• Practices
• Type of organization
• Operator characteristics

The questionnaire of the 2007 CA covered 12 of the 16 core items' recommended for the WCA 2010 round.

Cleaning operations

DATA PROCESSING The processing of the 2007 Census of Agriculture for the U.S. Virgin Islands was done in St. Croix. Each report form was reviewed and coded prior to data keying. Report forms not meeting the census farm definition were voided. The remaining report forms were examined for clarity and completeness. Reporting errors in units of measures, illegible entries, and misplaced entries were corrected. After all the report forms had been reviewed and coded, the data were keyed and subjected to a thorough computer edit. The edit performed comprehensive checks for consistency and reasonableness, corrected erroneous or inconsistent data, supplied missing data based on similar farms, and assigned farm classification codes necessary for tabulating the data. All substantial changes to the data generated by the computer edits were reviewed and verified by analysts. Inconsistencies identified, but not corrected by the computer, were reviewed, corrected, and keyed to a correction file. The corrected data were then tabulated by the computer and reviewed by analysts. Prior to publication, tabulated totals were reviewed by analysts to identify inconsistencies and potential coverage problems. Comparisons were made with previous census data, as well as other available data. The computer system provided the capability to review up-to-date tallies of all selected data items for various sets of criteria which included, but were not limited to, geographic levels, farm types, and sales levels. Data were examined for each set of criteria and any inconsistencies or potential problems were then researched by examining individual data records contributing to the tabulated total. W hen necessary, data inconsistencies were resolved by making corrections to individual data records.

Sampling error estimates

The accuracy of these tabulated data is determined by the joint effects of the various nonsampling errors. No direct measures of these effects have been obtained; however, precautionary steps were taken in all phases of data collection, processing, and tabulation of the data in an effort to minimize the effects of nonsampling errors.

The National Agricultural Statistics Service 2012 Census of AgriculturePrepared by Larry Heard, NMCDC, larryheard@gmail.comSource: United States Department of Agriculture 2012 Census of Agriculture, http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/The Census of Agriculture provides a detailed picture every five years of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them.Maps and statistics from the 2012 Census of Agriculture are organized into five broad categories:Crops and Plants – Data on harvested acreage for major field crops, hay, and other forage crops, as well as acreage data for vegetables, fruits, tree nuts, and berries.Economics – Data on agriculture sales, farm income, government payments from conservation and farm programs, amounts received from loans, a broad range of production expenses, and value of buildings and equipment.Farms – Information on farm size, ownership, and Internet access, as well as data on total land in farms, land use, irrigation, fertilized cropland, and enrollment in crop insurance programs.Livestock and Animals – Statistics on cattle and calves, cows and heifers, milk cows, and other cattle, as well as hogs, sheep, goats, horses, and broilers.Operators – Statistics on hired farm labor, tenure, land rented or leased, primary occupation of farm operator, and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and residence location.

Quick Stats is the National Agricultural Statistics Service's (NASS) online, self-service tool to access complete results from the 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012 Censuses of Agriculture as well as the best source of NASS survey published estimates. The census collects data on all commodities produced on U.S. farms and ranches, as well as detailed information on expenses, income, and operator characteristics. The surveys that NASS conducts collect information on virtually every facet of U.S. agricultural production.

The Quick Stats Database is the most comprehensive tool for accessing agricultural data published by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). It allows you to customize your query by commodity, location, or time period. You can then visualize the data on a map, manipulate and export the results as an output file compatible for updating databases and spreadsheets, or save a link for future use. Quick Stats contains official published aggregate estimates related to U.S. agricultural production. County level data are also available via Quick Stats. The data include the total crops and cropping practices for each county, and breakouts for irrigated and non-irrigated practices for many crops, for selected States. The database allows custom extracts based on commodity, year, and selected counties within a State, or all counties in one or more States. The county data includes totals for the Agricultural Statistics Districts (county groupings) and the State. The download data files contain planted and harvested area, yield per acre and production. NASS develops these estimates from data collected through:

hundreds of sample surveys conducted each year covering virtually every aspect of U.S. agriculture

the Census of Agriculture conducted every five years providing state- and county-level aggregates Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Quick Stats database. File Name: Web Page, url: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/ Dynamic drill-down filtered search by Commodity, Location, and Date range, beginning with Census or Survey data. Filter lists are refreshed based upon user choice allowing the user to fine-tune the search.

The NASS Census of Agriculture is a comprehensive dataset produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). Conducted every five years, the census gathers detailed data on America’s farming and ranching operations. It covers a wide range of topics, including land use and ownership, farm and operator characteristics, production practices, income, expenditures, and the types and quantities of crops and livestock produced. The primary purpose of the Census of Agriculture is to provide accurate, objective, and meaningful statistical information that supports agricultural policy-making, business decisions, research, and rural development. It serves as a key resource for government agencies, policymakers, researchers, agribusinesses, and farmers themselves, helping to track trends and inform decisions at national, state, and county levels. Key features of the dataset include its breadth and depth—data are collected from all U.S. farms and ranches, regardless of size—and its granularity, offering insights down to the county level. The census uniquely gives voice to all agricultural producers, ensuring even small and specialized operations are represented, making it an essential tool for understanding the evolving landscape of American agriculture.

Abstract

For 156 years (1840 - 1996), the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census was responsible for collecting census of agriculture data. The 1997 Appropriations Act contained a provision that transferred the responsibility for the census of agriculture from the Bureau of the Census to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The 2007 Census of Agriculture is the 27th Federal census of agriculture and the third conducted by NASS. The first agriculture census was taken in 1840 as part of the sixth decennial census of population. The agriculture census continued to be taken as part of the decennial census through 1950. A separate middecade census of agriculture was conducted in 1925, 1935, and 1945. From 1954 to 1974, the census was taken for the years ending in 4 and 9. In 1976, Congress authorized the census of agriculture to be taken for 1978 and 1982 to adjust the data reference year so that it coincided with other economic censuses. This adjustment in timing established the agriculture census on a 5-year cycle collecting data for years ending in 2 and 7. Agriculture census data are used to:

• Evaluate, change, promote, and formulate farm and rural policies and programs that help agricultural producers; • Study historical trends, assess current conditions, and plan for the future; • Formulate market strategies, provide more efficient production and distribution systems, and locate facilities for agricultural communities; • Make energy projections and forecast needs for agricultural producers and their communities; • Develop new and improved methods to increase agricultural production and profitability; • Allocate local and national funds for farm programs, e.g. extension service projects, agricultural research, soil conservation programs, and land-grant colleges and universities; • Plan for operations during drought and emergency outbreaks of diseases or infestations of pests. • Analyze and report on the current state of food, fuel, feed, and fiber production in the United States.

American Samoa is one of the territories collectively referred as the "US Outlying areas". The 2008 American Samoa Census of Agriculture was conducted by personal interviews of all farm operations on the list of commercial farms, and supplemented by an area sample of the remaining households. The purpose of the area sample was to efficiently accountfor farms not on the commercialfarmlist and provide an accurate measure of the agricultural activity in American Samoa.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit for the CA 2008 was the farm, an operating unit defined as any place from which USD 1 000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

i. Methodological modality for conducting the census The classical approach was used in the CA 2008.

ii. sample design The design of the sample for the 2008 Census of Agriculture made use of materials and information available from the American Samoa Department of Commerce. These included detailed maps of all the islands in the territory, up-to-date map-spotting (location on a map) of all households in the territory, a system of numbering each household to provide it a unique identifier, and identification of householdswhich were on the list of commercial farms. The households that were on the list of commercial farms were excluded from the universe used to select the area sample. A random sample of the remaining households was selected, using the available maps with the household identification information. It was determined that a 20 percent sample would be optimal. A serpentine selection methodology, starting at a point determined by the generation of a random number, was used to select the area sample.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Research instrument

One questionnaire was used which collected information on:

• Land owned
• Field crops
• Fruit
• Root crops
• Cattle and calves
• Poultry
• Aquaculture
• Expenditure
• Production expenses
• Machinery, equipment and buildings
• Household characteristics

Cleaning operations

1. DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING The completed forms were scanned and Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) was used to retrieve categorical responses and to identify the other answer zones in which some type of mark was present. The edit system determined the best value to impute for reported responses that were deemed unreasonable and for required responses that were absent. The complex edit ensured the full internal consistency of the record. After tabulation and review of the aggregates, a comprehensive disclosure review was conducted. Cell suppression was used to protect the cells that were determined to be sensitive to a disclosure of information.

2. CENSUS DATA QUALITY NASS conducted an extensive program to follow-up all non-response. NASS also used capture-recapture methodology to adjust for under-coverage, non-response, and misclassification. To implement capture-recapture methods, two independent surveys were required --the 2012 Census of Agriculture (based on the Census Mail List) and the 2012 June Agricultural Survey (based on the area frame). Historically, NASS has been careful to maintain the independence of these two surveys.

Data appraisal

The complete data series from the 2008 Census of Agriculture is available from the NASS website free of charge in multiple formats, including Quick Stats 2.0 - an online database to retrieve customized tables with Census data at the national, state and county levels. The 2012 Census of Agriculture provides information on a range of topics, including agricultural practices, conservation, organic production, as well as traditional and specialty crops.

The Census of Agriculture provides a detailed picture every five years of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. Conducted by USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, the 2012 Census of Agriculture collected more than six million data items directly from farmers. The Ag Census Web Maps application makes this information available at the county level through a few clicks. The maps and accompanying data help users visualize, download, and analyze Census of Agriculture data in a geospatial context.

The Census of Agriculture highlight key agricultural metrics for US states and counties. Percentage metrics included were calculated as follows: Percent of harvested cropland in cover crops = (cover crops acres)/((harvested cropland)+(failed crops)-(alfalfa))Percent of total tilled cropland using no-till = (no-till acreage)/(no till + reduced till + conventional till)Percent of tilled cropland using conservation tillage = (no till + reduced till acreage)/(no till + reduced till + conventional till)Percent of agricultural land in conservation easement = (conservation easement acres that excludes CRP)/((land in farms) – (CRP WRP FWP CREP acres))Percent of agricultural land in Conservation Reserve Program = (Conservation Reserve Program acres / cropland acres + Conservation Reserve Program acres ))*100Note, that counties for the Census of Agriculture are different than standard US Census Bureau counties; for example, cities in Virginia such as Harrisonburg, VA are rolled into the respective county and counties in Alaska are rolled into regions with their own district/region FIPS codes, etc. Also note, some counties have no data as one or more of the input variables included suppression.These data have been made publicly available from an authoritative source other than this Atlas and data should be obtained directly from that source for any re-use. See the original metadata from the authoritative source for more information about these data and use limitations. The authoritative source of these data can be found at the following location: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/Ag_Census_Web_Maps/Data_download/index.php

The Census of Agriculture highlight key agricultural metrics for US states and counties. Percentage metrics included were calculated as follows: Percent of harvested cropland in cover crops = (cover crops acres)/((harvested cropland)+(failed crops)-(alfalfa))Percent of total tilled cropland using no-till = (no-till acreage)/(no till + reduced till + conventional till)Percent of tilled cropland using conservation tillage = (no till + reduced till acreage)/(no till + reduced till + conventional till)Percent of agricultural land in conservation easement = (conservation easement acres that excludes CRP)/((land in farms) – (CRP WRP FWP CREP acres))Percent of agricultural land in Conservation Reserve Program = (Conservation Reserve Program acres / cropland acres + Conservation Reserve Program acres ))*100Note, that counties for the Census of Agriculture are different than standard US Census Bureau counties; for example, cities in Virginia such as Harrisonburg, VA are rolled into the respective county and counties in Alaska are rolled into regions with their own district/region FIPS codes, etc. Also note, some counties have no data as one or more of the input variables included suppression.These data have been made publicly available from an authoritative source other than this Atlas and data should be obtained directly from that source for any re-use. See the original metadata from the authoritative source for more information about these data and use limitations. The authoritative source of these data can be found at the following location: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/Ag_Census_Web_Maps/Data_download/index.php

Abstract

This dataset includes data from the 2012 and 2017 USDA Census of Agriculture for American Indian Reservations combined into a single flatfile spreadsheet. The 2012 data was obtained through a special tabulation request from the USDA NASS and the 2017 data was tabulated by hand and double-checked for errors. The 2012 Census included data for only 76 reservations and the 2017 census includes data for only 75.

The Census for American Indian Reservations includes all farms and ranches within the boundaries of the Reservation but does not not distinguish between farmers and ranchers operating on Trust land with those operating in fee or deeded lands within Reservation boundaries. Furthermore, the published Census reports only quantified each variable for “Native” and “Reservation Total” and failed to report statistics for “Non-native” which conceals the extreme disparity that exists on Native American Reservations. While we have submitted a special tabulation request to the USDA NASS for the data on non-native operators, in the mean time, we have included a provisional calculation for “Non-native” producers, making it possible to analyze the racial disparity in agriculture on Native Lands. Additionally, the way the data is presented by the USDA it makes it difficult to aggregate the data for one or all reservations (e.g. the big picture). This data and dashboard, while only representing a fraction of tribal lands, represents the most complete source of data for agriculture on native lands. Additionally, we have added a GEOID column so each reservation's data can be joined with US Census Tiger spatial boundary for American Indian Areas.

This file contains data on race, ethnicity, and gender of U.S. farm and ranch operators collected by the 2007 Census of Agriculture.

The National Agricultural Statistics Service 2012 Census of Agriculture - AnimalsPrepared by Larry Heard, NMCDC, larryheard@gmail.comSource: United States Department of Agriculture 2012 Census of Agriculture, http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/The Census of Agriculture provides a detailed picture every five years of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them.Maps and statistics from the 2012 Census of Agriculture are organized into five broad categories:Crops and Plants – Data on harvested acreage for major field crops, hay, and other forage crops, as well as acreage data for vegetables, fruits, tree nuts, and berries.Economics – Data on agriculture sales, farm income, government payments from conservation and farm programs, amounts received from loans, a broad range of production expenses, and value of buildings and equipment.Farms – Information on farm size, ownership, and Internet access, as well as data on total land in farms, land use, irrigation, fertilized cropland, and enrollment in crop insurance programs.Livestock and Animals – Statistics on cattle and calves, cows and heifers, milk cows, and other cattle, as well as hogs, sheep, goats, horses, and broilers.Operators – Statistics on hired farm labor, tenure, land rented or leased, primary occupation of farm operator, and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and residence location.ArcGIS Map Service: http://arcgis-ersarcgism3xl-1157953884.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com/arcgis/rest/services/NASS/livestockanimals/MapServer

This dataset contains estimates of proportional area of 18 major crops for each county in the United States at roughly decadal time steps between 1840 and 2017, and was used for analyses of historical changes in crop area, diversity, and distribution published in:Crossley, MS, KD Burke, SD Schoville, VC Radeloff. (2020). Recent collapse of crop belts and declining diversity of US agriculture since 1840. Global Change Biology (in press).The original data used to curate this dataset was derived by Haines et al. (ICPSR 35206) from USDA Agricultural Census archives (https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/). This dataset builds upon previous work in that crop values are georeferenced and rectified to match 2012 county boundaries, and several inconsistencies in the tabular-formatted data have been smoothed-over. In particular, smoothing included conversion of values of production (e.g. bushels, lbs, typical of 1840-1880 censuses) into values of area (using USDA NASS yield data), imputation of missing values for certain crop x county x year combinations, and correcting values for counties whose crop totals exceeded the possible land area.Please contact the PI, Mike Crossley, with any questions or requests: mcrossley3@gmail.com

The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) conducts hundreds of surveys every year and prepares reports covering virtually every aspect of U.S. agriculture. Production and supplies of food and fiber, prices paid and received by farmers, farm labor and wages, farm finances, chemical use, and changes in the demographics of U.S. producers are only a few examples.

Abstract

For more than 150 years, the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, conducted the census of agriculture. However, the 1997 Appropriations Act transferred the responsibility from the Bureau of the Census to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The 2007 Census of Agriculture for Guam is the second census to be conducted by the National Agricultural Statistics Service. The census of agriculture is taken to obtain agricultural statistics for each county, State (including territories and protectorates), and the Nation. The first U.S. agricultural census data were collected in 1840 as a part of the sixth decennial census. From 1840 to 1920, an agricultural census was taken as a part of each decennial census. Since 1920, a separate national agricultural census has been taken every 5 years.

The 2007 census is the 14th census of agriculture of Guam. The first, taken in 1920, was a special census authorized by the Secretary of Commerce. The next agriculture census was taken in 1930 in conjunction with the decennial census, a practice that continued every 10 years through 1960. The 1964 Census of Agriculture was the first quinquennial (5-year) census to be taken in Guam. In 1976, Congress authorized the census of agriculture to be taken for 1978 and 1982 to adjust the data-reference year to coincide with other economic censuses. After 1982, the agriculture census reverted to a 5-year cycle for the years ending in 2 and 7.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit was the farm defined as any place that raised or produced any agricultural products for sale or home consumption.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The census was a complete enumeration of all farm operators registered in the list compiled by the Guam Department of Agriculture. It was conducted by means of face to face interview filling paper questionnaires. The census frame was a list of farm operators compiled by the Guam Department of Agriculture.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Research instrument

One questionnaire was used which collected information on:

• Land owned
• Field crops
• Fruit
• Root crops
• Cattle and calves
• Poultry
• Aquaculture
• Expenditure
• Production expenses
• Machinery, equipment and buildings
• Household characteristics

Cleaning operations

Processing: The processing of the 2007 Census of Agriculture for Guam was done by NASS. Each report form was reviewed and coded prior to data keying. Report forms not meeting the census farm definition were voided. The remaining report forms were examined for accuracy, consistency, and completeness. Reporting errors in computations, units of measures, data inconsistencies, and misplaced entries were corrected. Missing information was derived using reported data for similar type and size farms in nearby areas. After all the report forms had been reviewed and coded, the data were keyed and subjected to a thorough computer edit. The edit performed comprehensive checks for consistency and reasonableness, corrected erroneous or inconsistent data, supplied missing data based on similar farms, and assigned farm classification codes necessary for tabulating the data. All substantial changes to the data generated by the computer edits were reviewed and verified by analysts. Inconsistencies were reviewed, corrected, and keyed to a correction file. The corrected data were then tabulated by the computer and reviewed by analysts. Prior to publication, tabulated totals were reviewed by analysts to identify inconsistencies and potential coverage problems. Comparisons were made with previous census data, as well as other available data. The computer system provided the capability to review up-to-date tallies of all selected data items for various sets of criteria which included, but were not limited to, geographic levels, farm types, and sales levels. Data were examined for each set of criteria and a write-up (criticism) was produced for data that were inconsistent. Each criticism was then researched by examining individual data records contributing to the tabulated total. W hen necessary, data inconsistencies were resolved by carrying corrections to data records.

Data appraisal

No Post Enumeration Survey (PES) was performed. Quality checks included strict field supervision, clerical screening for farm activity, follow-up of non respondents, keying and transmittal of completed report forms, computerized editing of inconsistent and missing data, review and correction of individual records referred from the computer edit, review and correction of tabulated data, and electronic data processing.

NASS USDA estimates the irrigated croplands at county level every five years. But this estimation does not provide the geospatial information of the irrigated croplands. To provide a comprehensive, consistent, and timely geospatially detailed information about irrigated cropland conterminous U.S. (CONUS), the “Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Irrigated Agriculture Dataset for the United States (MIrAD-US)” product was produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center with funding from several USGS programs (National Land Imaging and National Water-Quality Assessment). A primary objective was to identify, and map irrigated agricultural areas to factor into water quality studies and drought monitoring investigations. This product uses three primary data inputs, (a) USDA county-level irrigation area statistics for 2002, (b) annual peak eMODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and (c) a land cover mask for agricultural lands derived from NLCD to map the spatial distribution of irrigated lands across the conterminous United States. The MIrAD Version 4 offers the datasets for the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017 at 250-m and 1-km spatial resolutions. The validation of MIrAD-US is a challenge because no other single-source current datasets are available at a national scale for comparison. Thus, this dataset should be considered provisional until a formal accuracy assessment can be completed. The product update is planned for every 5 years, synchronized with the update of the Census of Agriculture by the U.S Department of Agriculture (USDA) but contingent upon availability of Collection 6 (C6) Aqua eMODIS data and funding.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) area sampling frame is a delineation of all parcels of land for the purpose of later sampling the parcels. The area frame is constructed by visually interpreting satellite imagery to divide a state into homogenous land use areas (strata) based on percent cultivated. The strata are typically defined as low, medium or high percent cultivated, non-agricultural land, urban use, agri-urban, or water. The boundaries of the strata usually follow identifiable features such as roads, railroads and waterways. The strata boundaries do not coincide with any political boundaries, with the exception of state boundaries. This site provides links to download ESRI shape and symbology layer files, as well as low resolution JPEG or higher resolution PDF images for each state. Also included in the FAQ are how to cite the data set, time period, how geographic features are represented and described, originators and contributors, contacts to address questions about the data, how the data set was created (previous works, e.g. USGS topographic quadrangles, US Census Bureau, space imagery, etc.), data generation-, processing-, and modification methods, and similar or related data. Applicable legal restrictions on access or use of the data and disclaimers are provided. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Land Use Strata - Selected States. File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Research_and_Science/stratafront2b.php This site provides links to download ESRI shape and symbology layer files, as well as low resolution JPEG or higher resolution PDF images for each state.

In the United States, agroforestry is commonly defined as a suite of land management practices that intentionally integrate woody plants (trees, shrubs, vines, etc.) with crop and/or animal production systems. Understanding agroforestry adoption in the United States is critical to serve as a baseline of existing agroforestry systems and for future planning purposes. There is growing interest in identifying where future systems are most likely to occur. Since 2017, the Census of Agriculture (COA) from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) has asked whether farm operations have agroforestry. While the COA does not differentiate the type of agroforestry used (e.g., windbreak, silvopasture, forest farming, alley cropping, riparian forest buffer) it does provide county-level numbers of farm operations practicing agroforestry. These raw numbers, available from the NASS website in tabular format, can then be joined to county-level geospatial data to provide thematic maps. This data publication includes vector polygon spatial data in multiple formats that includes the number of farm operations reporting agroforestry, the total number of farms, and the percentage of farm operations reporting agroforestry for each county in the U.S. in 2017 and 2022. The change in the proportion of farms reporting agroforestry from 2017 to 2022 is also included.The raw data were produced by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Survey (NASS) Census of Agriculture (COA.) The COA is completed every 5 years and is a count of U.S. farms and ranches from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year. It also looks at land use, ownership, production practices, income, and other characteristics. The 2017 COA was the first census to ask if producers have any of the five common agroforestry practices (windbreak, silvopasture, forest farming, alley cropping, riparian forest buffer.) NASS included the same agroforestry question in the 2022 COA, allowing for the first national-level trend analysis for agroforestry extent in the United States. The National Agroforestry Center published the first maps depicting the agroforestry results from the COA in 2017 and have now created a new series of maps to reflect newly published agroforestry data from the 2022 COA. In addition, maps showing change in agroforestry at the national scale have been created, using data from the 2017 and 2022 COA. The purpose of this project was to use the raw census numbers to create a spatial layer for visualization, mapping, and analysis purposes.For more information about these data, see Kellerman et al. (2025) and Smith et al. (2022).

The first edition of these data, Kellerman (2023, https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0044) contains 2017 data. This second edition includes the same 2017 data, but a different source for county boundaries was used (more details below), as well as the addition to 2022 data.

The statistical information in the "Financial Characteristics of Horticultural Farms" dataset provides an overview of farm business financial performance (such as income statements, balance sheets, and financial ratios) for 1987 through 1991 as sources from USDA's Annual Farm Costs and Return Survey (FCRS). These FCRS data are "industry-level" estimates for all growers of nonedible horticultural crops and, with the exception of cut Christmas tree farms, data are not available for subsectors such as nursery plant farms and cut flower farms. However, detailed financial data are available by year, by economic classes, and by region.

Collection Organization: Economic Research Service.

Collection Methodology: USDA Annual Farm Costs and Return Survey, Census of Agriculture.

Collection Frequency: Annually.

Update Characteristics: Updated in its entirety.

STATISTICAL INFORMATION:

The data reside in 76 LOTUS 1-2-3 worksheet files, 8 Lotus Freelance Graphics files, and one ASCII text file. LANGUAGE:

English ACCESS/AVAILABILITY:

Data Center: USDA Economic Research Service Dissemination Media: Diskette, Internet gopher, Internet home page File Format: ASCII, Lotus/dBase Access Instructions: Call NASS at 1-800-999-6779 for historical series data available on diskette. For historical series data available online, connect to the Internet home page at Cornell University.

    URL: 'http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/homepage.do'

Access to the data or reports may be achieved through the ERS-NASS information system:

    WWW:

'http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/homepage.do'

For subscription direct to an e-mail address, send an e-mail message to:

     usda-reports@usda.mannlib..cornell.edu

Type the word "lists" (without quotes) in the body of the message.