Background This bibliometric analysis examines the top 50 most-cited articles on COVID-19 complications, offering insights into the multifaceted impact of the virus. Since its emergence in Wuhan in December 2019, COVID-19 has evolved into a global health crisis, with over 770 million confirmed cases and 6.9 million deaths as of September 2023. Initially recognized as a respiratory illness causing pneumonia and ARDS, its diverse complications extend to cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, hematological, neurological, endocrinological, ophthalmological, hepatobiliary, and dermatological systems. Methods Identifying the top 50 articles from a pool of 5940 in Scopus, the analysis spans November 2019 to July 2021, employing terms related to COVID-19 and complications. Rigorous review criteria excluded non-relevant studies, basic science research, and animal models. The authors independently reviewed articles, considering factors like title, citations, publication year, journal, impact factor, authors, study details, and patient demographics. Results The focus is primarily on 2020 publications (96%), with all articles being open-access. Leading journals include The Lancet, NEJM, and JAMA, with prominent contributions from Internal Medicine (46.9%) and Pulmonary Medicine (14.5%). China played a major role (34.9%), followed by France and Belgium. Clinical features were the primary study topic (68%), often utilizing retrospective designs (24%). Among 22,477 patients analyzed, 54.8% were male, with the most common age group being 26–65 years (63.2%). Complications affected 13.9% of patients, with a recovery rate of 57.8%. Conclusion Analyzing these top-cited articles offers clinicians and researchers a comprehensive, timely understanding of influential COVID-19 literature. This approach uncovers attributes contributing to high citations and provides authors with valuable insights for crafting impactful research. As a strategic tool, this analysis facilitates staying updated and making meaningful contributions to the dynamic field of COVID-19 research. Methods A bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles about COVID-19 complications was conducted in July 2021 using all journals indexed in Elsevier’s Scopus and Thomas Reuter’s Web of Science from November 1, 2019 to July 1, 2021. All journals were selected for inclusion regardless of country of origin, language, medical speciality, or electronic availability of articles or abstracts. The terms were combined as follows: (“COVID-19” OR “COVID19” OR “SARS-COV-2” OR “SARSCOV2” OR “SARS 2” OR “Novel coronavirus” OR “2019-nCov” OR “Coronavirus”) AND (“Complication” OR “Long Term Complication” OR “Post-Intensive Care Syndrome” OR “Venous Thromboembolism” OR “Acute Kidney Injury” OR “Acute Liver Injury” OR “Post COVID-19 Syndrome” OR “Acute Cardiac Injury” OR “Cardiac Arrest” OR “Stroke” OR “Embolism” OR “Septic Shock” OR “Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation” OR “Secondary Infection” OR “Blood Clots” OR “Cytokine Release Syndrome” OR “Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome” OR “Vaccine Induced Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome” OR “Aspergillosis” OR “Mucormycosis” OR “Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia Anaemia” OR “Immune Thrombocytopenia” OR “Subacute Thyroiditis” OR “Acute Respiratory Failure” OR “Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome” OR “Pneumonia” OR “Subcutaneous Emphysema” OR “Pneumothorax” OR “Pneumomediastinum” OR “Encephalopathy” OR “Pancreatitis” OR “Chronic Fatigue” OR “Rhabdomyolysis” OR “Neurologic Complication” OR “Cardiovascular Complications” OR “Psychiatric Complication” OR “Respiratory Complication” OR “Cardiac Complication” OR “Vascular Complication” OR “Renal Complication” OR “Gastrointestinal Complication” OR “Haematological Complication” OR “Hepatobiliary Complication” OR “Musculoskeletal Complication” OR “Genitourinary Complication” OR “Otorhinolaryngology Complication” OR “Dermatological Complication” OR “Paediatric Complication” OR “Geriatric Complication” OR “Pregnancy Complication”) in the Title, Abstract or Keyword. A total of 5940 articles were accessed, of which the top 50 most cited articles about COVID-19 and Complications of COVID-19 were selected through Scopus. Each article was reviewed for its appropriateness for inclusion. The articles were independently reviewed by three researchers (JRP, MAM and TS) (Table 1). Differences in opinion with regard to article inclusion were resolved by consensus. The inclusion criteria specified articles that were focused on COVID-19 and Complications of COVID-19. Articles were excluded if they did not relate to COVID-19 and or complications of COVID-19, Basic Science Research and studies using animal models or phantoms. Review articles, Viewpoints, Guidelines, Perspectives and Meta-analysis were also excluded from the top 50 most-cited articles (Table 1). The top 50 most-cited articles were compiled in a single database and the relevant data was extracted. The database included: Article Title, Scopus Citations, Year of Publication, Journal, Journal Impact Factor, Authors, Number of Authors, Department Affiliation, Number of Institutions, Country of Origin, Study Topic, Study Design, Sample Size, Open Access, Non-Original Articles, Patient/Participants Age, Gender, Symptoms, Signs, Co-morbidities, Complications, Imaging Modalities Used and outcome.

Malaria control and elimination Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - Malaria control & elimination - Malaria has been a curse to human life since ancient times. Our understanding about this deadly pathogen has increased yet we are not able to eradicate malaria successfully. The death toll increment on a regular basis and emergence of evolved new parasite raised the concern tremendously. Malaria Control and Elimination journal is a peer reviewed and open access, critique and fully exemplified journal which aim to scaffold underlying and enforced aspects of malaria research in equatorial and other arena. This open access journal will provide researchers, scholars and academicians with a forum for publication of research advances, in the form of original articles, review articles, case reports, short communications, etc. Extensive global research and on growing understanding about malaria requires a common podium for exchange of information among the authors and the readers. Malaria Control and Elimination journal offers excellent scope for exchanging such information. This journal considers articles in the areas of medicine for malaria, malaria control, cerebral malaria, malaria vaccines, antimalarial, neonatal malaria, malaria parasites,etc. advances in discovery, development and implementation of drugs, vaccines and mosquito control measures and any other related aspects for elimination of malaria which will regularly involve multi-disciplinary collaborations with laboratories and public education. Indexed In CAS Source Index (CASSI) Google Scholar Genamics JournalSeek RefSeek Hamdard University EBSCO A-Z Publons Relevant Topics Cerebral Malaria Cerebral Malaria Changing Trends In Malaria Changing Trends In Malaria Controlled Release Controlled Release Diseases Review Articles Diseases Review Articles Elimination Elimination Febrile Illness Febrile Illness Haematology Scholarly Journal Haematology Scholarly Journal Imported Malaria Imported Malaria Malaria Malaria Malaria Diagnostics Malaria Diagnostics Mosquito Larvae Mosquito Larvae Non-Communicable Diseases Non-Communicable Diseases Plasmodium Vivax Plasmodium Vivax Role Of Malaria In Community Medicine Distributors Role Of Malaria In Community Medicine Distributors Terminal Elimination Terminal Elimination

The COMMUNITY pandemic surveillance cohort is a longitudinal cohort study including 2149 healthcare workers and 118 COVID-19 patients. Dataset includes: 1. Serological data at baseline April-May 2020 and at follow-up every four month (ongoing). 2. Data on memory T cell responses 3. Register data from Swedish vaccination register (VAL Vaccinera) and national communicable diseases register SmiNet (Public Health Agency of Sweden). 3. Self-reported symptoms compatible with COVID-19 since 1 January 2020, occupation, work location and exposure to patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 prior to blood sampling (healthcare workers). 3. Clinical data including co-morbidities, disease severity, on-going medications, demography (COVID-19 patients).

Abstract The COMMUNITY pandemic surveillance cohort was initiated in April 2020 and comprises 2149 healthcare workers and 118 COVID-19 patients. Blood samples are collected every four months. Serological and cellular immune responses are continuously mapped to demography, vaccination(s) and prior infection. qPCR screening programs, including viral sequencing and culturing, are conducted during time points with high viral transmission and in response to the threat of emerging variants of concern (VOC). The COMMUNITY pandemic surveillance cohort is conducted through close collaborations within the SciLifeLab community, the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Armed Forces.

Publications Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on vaccine-induced immune responses over time. Havervall S, Marking U, Greilert-Norin N et al. Clinical & Translational Immunology 2022;11(4):e1388. https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1388 Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses Up to Six Months Following Homologous or Heterologous Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccines. Marking U, Havervall S, Greilert-Norin N, et al. Vaccines 2022;10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030359 A cell-free high throughput assay for assessment of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Mravinacova S, Jönsson M, Christ W, Klingström J . et al. New biotechnology 2022;66():46-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2021.10.002 Long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific and cross-reactive cellular immune responses correlate with humoral responses, disease severity, and symptomatology. Laurén I, Havervall S, Ng H, Lord M, Pettke A, Greilert-Norin et al. Immunity, inflammation and disease 2022;10(4):e595. https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.595 Persistent endotheliopathy in the pathogenesis of long COVID syndrome: Comment from von Meijenfeldt et al. Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Havervall S, Adelmeijer J, Thalin C, Lisman T JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 2022;20(1):267-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15580 Robust humoral and cellular immune responses and low risk for reinfection at least 8 months following asymptomatic to mild COVID-19. Havervall S, Ng H, Falk Aj, Greilert-Norin et al. JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022;291(1):72-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13387 SARS-CoV-2 induces a durable and antigen specific humoral immunity after asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 infection. Havervall S, Jernbom Falk A, Klingström J et al.. PloS one 2022;17(1):e0262169. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262169 A Model Predicting Mortality of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients Four Days After Admission: Development, Internal and Temporal-External Validation. Heber S, Pereyra D, Schrottmaier Wc et al.Assinger A Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2021;11():795026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.795026 An evaluation of a FluoroSpot assay as a diagnostic tool to determine SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses. Mangsbo Sm, Havervall S, Laurén I et al. PloS one. 2021;16(9):e0258041. https/doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258041 Antibody responses after a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Havervall S, Marking U, Greilert-Norin N, Ng H, Gordon M, Salomonsson Ac, Hellström C, Pin E, Blom K, Mangsbo S, Phillipson M, Klingström J, Hober S, Nilsson P, Åberg M, Thålin C. EBioMedicine 2021;70():103523. htttps//doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103523 Circulating Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are of Prognostic Value in Patients With COVID-19. Ng H, Havervall S, Rosell A, Aguilera K, Parv K, Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Lisman T, Mackman N, Thålin C, Phillipson M. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2021;41(2):988-994. https/doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315267 COVID-19 is Associated with an Acquired Factor XIII Deficiency. Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Havervall S, Adelmeijer J, Lundström A, Magnusson M, Mackman N, Thalin C, Lisman T. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2021;121(12):1668-1669. https://doi.org/ 10.1055/a-1450-8414 Elevated factor V activity and antigen levels in patients with Covid-19 are related to disease severity and 30-day mortality. Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Havervall S, Adelmeijer J, Lundström A, et al. American Journal of Hematology 2021;96(4):E98-E100. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26085 Patients With COVID-19 Have Elevated Levels of Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Tissue Factor Activity That Is Associated With Severity and Mortality-Brief Report Rosell A, Havervall S, Von Meijenfeldt F, et al. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2021;41(2):878-882 . https://doi.org/10.1002/rth2.12462 Prothrombotic changes in patients with COVID-19 are associated with disease severity and mortality Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Havervall S, Adelmeijer J et al. Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis 2021;5(1):132-141 Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is transiently elevated in COVID-19 and correlates with specific inflammatory and endothelial markers Lundström A, Ziegler L, Havervall S. et al. Journal of Medical Virology 2021;93(10):5908-5916 Sustained prothrombotic changes in COVID-19 patients 4 months after hospital discharge. Von Meijenfeldt Fa, Havervall S, Adelmeijer J, et al. Blood Advances 2021;5(3):756-759. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003968 Symptoms and Functional Impairment Assessed 8 Months After Mild COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers Havervall et al. JAMA 2021;325(19):2015-2016. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.5612 Systematic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay. Hober S, Hellstrom C, Olofsson J et al. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY 2021;10(7):e1312.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1312 SARS-CoV-2 exposure, symptoms and seroprevalence in healthcare workers in Sweden. Rudberg As, Havervall S, Månberg A, Jernbom Falk A, et al. C. Nature Communications 2020;11(1):5064 https:/doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18848-0

AimWithin the context of increasing mental distress noted since the beginning of the COVID19 pandemic, the study aims at analysing the relationship between mental health, vaccine distrust and vaccine hesitancy in South Africa.Subject and methodsThe study uses nationally representative panel data of 3241 individuals interviewed prior to and during the COVID19 pandemic. The study uses a range of regression techniques including logit, mediation and gradient-boosted causal mediation models to identify the causal relationship while accounting for selection bias.ResultsThe results of multivariate logit regression reveal that vaccine distrust is the most important predictor of vaccine hesitancy [Coeff: 3.420, CI 3.122, 3.717]. Mental distress is not found to be a significant driver in a fully specified logit model, pointing to the need to analyse the pathways through which mental distress impacts vaccine hesitancy. The mediation regression undertaken for this purpose finds that the mental distress has a positive and significant association with vaccine distrust [Coeff: 0.027, CI: 0.0029, 0.052]. The increased vaccine distrust in turn results in increased vaccine hesitancy [Coeff: 0.661, CI: 0.611, 0.711]. The results of mediation regression therefore indicate strong and significant mediation effects, whereby mental health effects vaccine hesitancy through the mediating variable of vaccine distrust. These results are robust to the gradient boosted causal mediation model which establishes strong and significant indirect effects [Coeff: 0.015, CI: 0.01, 0.019], whereby mental health effects vaccine hesitancy through the mediating variable of vaccine distrust.ConclusionThe study concludes that mental health impacts on vaccine intention through the mediating role of vaccine distrust. The findings indicate that individuals at high risk of depression are more concerned regarding the safety of vaccines, which in turn feeds into vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, depressive symptoms impact on vaccine hesitancy through the mediating factor of vaccine distrust.

Nature Biotechnology Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - Nature Biotechnology is interested in the best research from across the field of Biotechnology; our broad scope ensures that work published reaches the widest possible audience. All editorial decisions are made by a team of full-time professional editors. Nature Biotechnology is a monthly journal covering the science and business of biotechnology. It publishes new concepts in technology/methodology of relevance to the biological, biomedical, agricultural and environmental sciences as well as covers the commercial, political, ethical, legal, and societal aspects of this research. The first function is fulfilled by the peer-reviewed research section, the second by the expository efforts in the front of the journal. We provide researchers with news about business; we provide the business community with news about research developments. The core areas in which we are actively seeking research papers include: molecular engineering of nucleic acids and proteins; molecular therapy (therapeutics genes, antisense, siRNAs, aptamers, DNAzymes, ribozymes, peptides, proteins); large-scale biology (genomics, functional genomics, proteomics, structural genomics, metabolomics, etc.); computational biology (algorithms and modeling), regenerative medicine (stem cells, tissue engineering, biomaterials); imaging technology; analytical biotechnology (sensors/detectors for analytes/macromolecules), applied immunology (antibody engineering, xenotransplantation, T-cell therapies); food and agricultural biotechnology; and environmental biotechnology. A comprehensive list of areas of interest is shown below. Strategies for controlling gene expression Strategies for manipulating gene structure Strategies for gene containment Technologies for analyzing gene function (e.g., arrays, SAGE) Technologies for analyzing gene structure/organization (e.g., molecular beacons) Chemogenomics or chemical genetics Pharmacogenomics/SNPs Computational analysis Technologies for analyzing/identifying protein structure/function (e.g., 2-D gels, mass spectrometry, yeast two-hybrid, SPR, NMR, arrays and chips) Structural genomics Computational analysis Technologies for analyzing/profiling metabolites (chromatography, mass spectrometry) Computational analysis Bioinformatics; algorithms; data deconvolution Modeling and systems biology: kinetics-based models and constraints-based models Rational approaches for proteins/antibodies/enzymes/drugs Molecular evolution Molecular breeding approaches Genetic manipulation of species of interest to modify or allow the production of a commercially or therapeutically relevant compound Computational analysis Mammalian cells Insect cells Bacteria Fungi Plant cells Targeting strategies Viral and nonviral vector strategies Reporter molecules Imaging approaches/technologies for visualizing whole animals, cells, or single molecules Computational analysis Gene therapy (targeting, expression, integration, immunogenicity) Antisense RNAi DNAzymes and ribozymes Nanomaterials for use in drug delivery or as therapeutics Nanomaterials for use in industrial biotechnology Nanosensors Nanosystems for imaging molecules and cells Antibody engineering T-cell therapies Therapies exploiting innate immunity (e.g. complement) Antigen delivery vectors and approaches Nucleic acid vaccines Computational analysis Stem cells Tissue engineering Therapeutic cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer) Xenotransplantation Biomaterials Approaches for detecting biological molecules Use of biological systems in detecting analytes Approaches for multiplexing and increasing throughput Selection/screening strategies for gene/proteins/drugs Microfluidics Engineering materials for biological application Molecular imprinting Biomimetics Nanotechnology Crop improvement (resistance to stress, disease, pests) Nutraceuticals Forest biotechnology Plant vaccines Plants as bioreactors Gene-containment strategies Transgenic animals Knockouts Reproductive cloning Biopharmaceutical and enzyme production Transgene targeting and expression strategies Bioremediation Biomining Phytoremediation Monitoring

Results of univariate and multivariate multinomial logistical regressions analyses of factors influencing change of impact of vaccination against COVID-19 on confusion about vaccination in general among staff members.

BackgroundThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with mutations in the spike protein has risen concerns about the efficacy of infection- or vaccine-induced antibodies and has posed a serious threat to global public health, education, travel and economy. Few studies have described the detailed characterizations of highly cited articles on SARS-CoV-2 variants.ObjectiveTo identify and characterize the 100 most-cited articles in SARS-CoV-2 variants research.Design and methodsArticles published recently were extracted from the web of science core collection database using a query based on MeSH terms and topics of SARS-CoV-2 and variants. Characteristics of the 100 most-cited articles were analyzed via the following parameters: publication number over year, number of citations, type of articles, authors, journal, journal impact factor, country, and topics covered in articles. In addition, clinical trials in these articles were also analyzed.ResultsThe majority of articles (66%) were published in 2021. Number of citations of the 100 most cited articles ranged from 1720 to 75 (median: 178.5). Mutations in the S protein such as D614G mutation and the B.1.1.7 (UK) and B.1.351 (South Africa) were the dominant variants in the 100 most cited articles. The United States, the United Kingdom, and South Africa had the strongest collaboration in the contribution of publication. Science, Cell, Nature and New England Journal of Medicine were mostly cited and the main direction in these top journals were vaccine neutralizing tests and efficacy evaluation studies. Response of antibody neutralization tests against variants was always weakened due to the presence of variants but the results of clinical trials were encouraging. Genomics information, spike protein structure confirmation and neutralization studies evaluating antibody resistance were highly represented in the 100 most cited articles in SARS-CoV-2 variants literature.Conclusions and relevanceAltogether, genomic information, epidemiology, immune neutralization, and vaccine efficacy studies of COVID-19 variants are the main research orientations in these articles and relevant results have been published in influential journals. Given the continuous evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 and the constant development in our understanding of the impact of variants, current working strategies and measures may be periodically adjusted.

• GDP  =  gross domestic product; I$  =  international dollars. Values represent the added cost of the 9-valent HPV vaccine at which the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (compared to current 2- or 4-valent vaccines) would be equal to 1x per capita GDP in each country.† Base case scenario  =  some benefits to prevent cervical cancer with unidentifiable types and multiple infections, defined as a function of the prevalence of the five targeted HPV types relative to the prevalence of all non-16/18 types, with 37.4% cross-protection against non-vaccine types.Impact of discount rate on thresholds of incremental cost (I$) per vaccinated girl associated with the 9-valent vaccine*.

The factors influencing respondents with risk(score>9) attitude to the vaccination.

Results of univariate and multivariate multinomial logistical regressions analyses of factors influencing change of impact of vaccination against COVID-19 on confusion about vaccination in general among staff members.

Base scenario: Coverage 70%, boosting to age 50, with 80% completion rates to boosters, no tapering in effect over time, and with an adult catch-up program in 18–30 years covering 50% of the population of that age, rate vaccination  = 0.3/3mths, vaccine effect on VL in 100% of people, duration of vaccine effect 5 years, age of introduction 15. For each row, one characteristic is made different from the base scenario. 95% CI shown in Table S1, along with further comparisons.Mean over 2040–2060 of on-going vaccine effect, HIV incidence (per 1000 person years and death rate (/100 person years) in the whole population, according to variations in vaccine implementation characteristics.

Intrapersonal factors.

Individual and group influences supporting quotes, by participant (with participant number and engagement with vaccination).

Significant factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination.

Vaccine or vaccination specific issues supporting quotes, by participant (with participant number and engagement with vaccination).

Primary reason for refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine, among unvaccinated respondents, by province.

Impact and vulnerabilities of COVID-19, past experience of vaccination and their association with the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine.

Logistic regression of factors influencing PwDs willingness to accept Covid-19 vaccine.

Incidence rate ratios for invasive pneumococcal disease, under 5 years of age, non-PCV13 serotypes, comparison of pre-vaccination period with three post-vaccination periods.

Communities that are historically marginalized and minoritized were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic due to long-standing social inequities. It was found that those who experience social vulnerabilities faced a heightened burden of COVID-19 morbidities and mortalities and concerningly lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination. The CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index (CDC-SVI) is a pivotal tool for planning responses to health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explores the associations between CDC-SVI and its corresponding themes with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Nevada counties. Additionally, the study discusses the utility of the CDC-SVI in the context of equitable vaccine uptake in a pandemic setting. We examined the linear association between the 2020 CDC-SVI (including the composite score and the four themes) and COVID-19 vaccine uptake (including initial and complete vaccinations) for the seventeen Nevada counties. These associations were further examined for spatial-varied effects. Each CDC-SVI theme was negatively correlated with initial and complete COVID-19 vaccine uptake (crude) except for minority status, which was positively correlated. However, all correlations were found to be weak. Excessive vaccination rates among some counties are not explained by the CDC-SVI. Overall, these findings suggest the CDC-SVI themes are a better predictor of COVID-19 vaccine uptake than the composite SVI score at the county level. Our findings are consistent with similar studies. The CDC-SVI is a useful measure for public health preparedness, but with limitations. Further understanding is needed of which measures of social vulnerability impact health outcomes.