View data of the frequency at which one unit of currency purchases domestically produced goods and services within a given time period.

United States - Velocity of M2 Money Stock was 1.38700 Ratio in January of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Velocity of M2 Money Stock reached a record high of 2.19200 in July of 1997 and a record low of 1.12800 in April of 2020. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Velocity of M2 Money Stock - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Velocity of M1 Money Stock (M1V) from Q1 1959 to Q1 2025 about velocity, M1, monetary aggregates, and USA.

Calculated as the ratio of quarterly nominal GDP (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP) to the quarterly average of M2 money stock (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2SL).

The velocity of money is the frequency at which one unit of currency is used to purchase domestically- produced goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it is the number of times one dollar is spent to buy goods and services per unit of time. If the velocity of money is increasing, then more transactions are occurring between individuals in an economy. The frequency of currency exchange can be used to determine the velocity of a given component of the money supply, providing some insight into whether consumers and businesses are saving or spending their money. There are several components of the money supply,: M1, M2, and MZM (M3 is no longer tracked by the Federal Reserve); these components are arranged on a spectrum of narrowest to broadest. Consider M1, the narrowest component. M1 is the money supply of currency in circulation (notes and coins, traveler's checks [non-bank issuers], demand deposits, and checkable deposits). A decreasing velocity of M1 might indicate fewer short- term consumption transactions are taking place. We can think of shorter- term transactions as consumption we might make on an everyday basis.

Beginning May 2020, M2 consists of M1 plus (1) small-denomination time deposits (time deposits in amounts of less than $100,000) less IRA and Keogh balances at depository institutions; and (2) balances in retail MMFs less IRA and Keogh balances at MMFs. Seasonally adjusted M2 is constructed by summing savings deposits (before May 2020), small-denomination time deposits, and retail MMFs, each seasonally adjusted separately, and adding this result to seasonally adjusted M1. For more information on the H.6 release changes and the regulatory amendment that led to the creation of the other liquid deposits component and its inclusion in the M1 monetary aggregate, see the H.6 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h6.html) and Technical Q&As (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/h6_technical_qa.htm) posted on December 17, 2020.

MZM (money with zero maturity) is the broadest component and consists of the supply of financial assets redeemable at par on demand: notes and coins in circulation, traveler's checks (non-bank issuers), demand deposits, other checkable deposits, savings deposits, and all money market funds. The velocity of MZM helps determine how often financial assets are switching hands within the economy.

Graph and download economic data for Real M2 Money Stock (M2REAL) from Jan 1959 to May 2025 about M2, monetary aggregates, real, and USA.

Calculated as the ratio of quarterly nominal GDP (GDP (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP)) to the quarterly average of M1 money stock (M1SL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M1SL))

The velocity of money is the frequency at which one unit of currency is used to purchase domestically- produced goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it is the number of times one dollar is spent to buy goods and services per unit of time. If the velocity of money is increasing, then more transactions are occurring between individuals in an economy.

The frequency of currency exchange can be used to determine the velocity of a given component of the money supply, providing some insight into whether consumers and businesses are saving or spending their money. There are several components of the money supply,: M1, M2, and MZM (M3 is no longer tracked by the Federal Reserve); these components are arranged on a spectrum of narrowest to broadest. Consider M1, the narrowest component. M1 is the money supply of currency in circulation (notes and coins, demand deposits, and other liquid deposits). A decreasing velocity of M1 might indicate fewer short- term consumption transactions are taking place. We can think of shorter- term transactions as consumption we might make on an everyday basis.

Beginning May 2020, M1 consists of (1) currency outside the U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, and the vaults of depository institutions; (2) demand deposits at commercial banks (excluding those amounts held by depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign banks and official institutions) less cash items in the process of collection and Federal Reserve float; and (3) other liquid deposits, consisting of OCDs and savings deposits (including money market deposit accounts). Seasonally adjusted M1 is constructed by summing currency, demand deposits, and OCDs (before May 2020) or other liquid deposits (beginning May 2020), each seasonally adjusted separately. For more information on the H.6 release changes and the regulatory amendment that led to the creation of the other liquid deposits component and its inclusion in the M1 monetary aggregate, see the H.6 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h6.html) and Technical Q&As (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/h6_technical_qa.htm) posted on December 17, 2020.

The broader M2 component includes M1 in addition to saving deposits, certificates of deposit (less than $100,000), and money market deposits for individuals. Comparing the velocities of M1 and M2 provides some insight into how quickly the economy is spending and how quickly it is saving.

MZM (money with zero maturity) is the broadest component and consists of the supply of financial assets redeemable at par on demand: notes and coins in circulation, traveler’s checks (non-bank issuers), demand deposits, other checkable deposits, savings deposits, and all money market funds. The velocity of MZM helps determine how often financial assets are switching hands within the economy.

At the end of 2024, the M2 broad money supply in China amounted to over *** trillion yuan. Broad money supply had been growing consistently over the years. However, the overall growth rate of all money supply had been decreasing. Money is not money? In economic theory, the money supply describes the volume of currency that exists in a country. Even though it might sound counterintuitive, there are different types of money. For example, cash, saving deposits, or other liquid assets are then divided into tiers from M1 to M3. Thereby, M2 money or broad money comprised of cash and assets that can easily be converted into cash. The main application of M2 money is making payments and economic transactions. For mainstream economists, the volume of M1 and M2 money can indicate inflation. The mysterious case of money expansion in China The post-pandemic economic recovery has not materialized as the growth in the M2 money supply would have indicated in China. As a consequence of global anti-COVID-19 measures, China’s economic growth fell far below the country’s development targets. After another underperforming year in 2022, the M2 money supply grew by almost ** percent in the first quarter of 2023, but the GDP increased only by *** percent, which indicated that the money does not reach the real economy. Therefore, the Chinese economy could be in a liquidity trap or a balance sheet recession.

Money Supply M2 in Sweden increased to 4991180 SEK Million in May from 4979321 SEK Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - Sweden Money Supply M2- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for M2 for China (MYAGM2CNM189N) from Dec 1998 to Aug 2019 about M2, China, and monetary aggregates.

Money Supply M2 in Japan increased to 1268407.50 JPY Billion in June from 1267064.60 JPY Billion in May of 2025. This dataset provides - Japan Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Money Supply M2 in China increased to 325783.81 CNY Billion in May from 325173.93 CNY Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - China Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Money Supply M2 In the Euro Area increased to 15736672 EUR Million in May from 15696283 EUR Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area Money Supply M2 - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Key information about South Africa Money Supply M2

• South Africa Money Supply M2 was reported at 240.307 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 236.939 USD bn for Dec 2024
• South Africa Money Supply M2 data is updated monthly, averaging 57.685 USD bn from Mar 1965 to Jan 2025, with 719 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 254.433 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 4.026 USD bn in Mar 1965
• South Africa Money Supply M2 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Money Supply M2: USD: Monthly

CEIC converts monthly Money Supply M2 into USD. South African Reserve Bank provides Money Supply M2 in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

Money Supply M2 in Hungary decreased to 44632 HUF Billion in May from 44776.80 HUF Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - Hungary Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about New Zealand Money Supply M2

• New Zealand Money Supply M2 was reported at 242.023 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 240.664 USD bn for Dec 2024
• New Zealand Money Supply M2 data is updated monthly, averaging 82.112 USD bn from Mar 1988 to Jan 2025, with 443 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 271.161 USD bn in Mar 2022 and a record low of 21.409 USD bn in Sep 1988
• New Zealand Money Supply M2 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Money Supply M2: USD: Monthly

CEIC converts monthly Money Supply M2 into USD. The Reserve Bank of New Zealand provides Money Supply M2 in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

Money Supply M0 in the United States decreased to 5648600 USD Million in May from 5732900 USD Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Australia Money Supply M2

• Australia Money Supply M2 was reported at 1,955.356 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 1,932.222 USD bn for Dec 2024
• Australia Money Supply M2 data is updated monthly, averaging 208.209 USD bn from Mar 1965 to Jan 2025, with 719 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,133.477 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 11.548 USD bn in Mar 1965
• Australia Money Supply M2 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Money Supply M2: USD: Monthly: Seasonally Adjusted

CEIC converts monthly Money Supply M3 into USD. The Reserve Bank of Australia provides Money Supply M3 in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Money Supply M3 covers M1, all deposits at banks and certificates of deposits from the private non-Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions sector, and deposits with non-bank Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions.

Key information about Canada M2 Growth

• Canada Money Supply M2 increased 6.1 % YoY in Dec 2024, compared with a growth of 5.8 % in the previous month
• Canada Money Supply M2 growth data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1969 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 23.6 % in May 1974 and a record low of -1.8 % in Apr 1998

CEIC calculates M2 Growth Rate from monthly M2. The Bank of Canada provides M2 in local currency.


Further information about Canada M2 Growth

• In the latest reports, Canada Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 90.2 USD bn in Jan 2025
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 2.0 Months of Import in Dec 2024
• Canada Domestic Credit reached 4,531.7 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increased of 3.9 % YoY
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 0.6 % in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 0.5 % in the previous quarter
• Household Debt of Canada reached 2,110.9 USD bn in Dec 2024, accounting for 99.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Money Supply M2 in Brazil increased to 6854638 BRL Million in May from 6765154 BRL Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - Brazil Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

By the end of 2024, the M1 money supply in China amounted to over ** trillion yuan. M1 money supply includes cash and demand deposits.