During the displayed time period in Venezuela, the GINI coefficient, which reflects the degree of wealth distribution inequality, has exhibited an increasing trend, reaching a value of **** in 2017. This indicates a greater income disparity among the population.

This is the replication package for Astorga, Pablo. 2024. Revealing the diversity and complexity of long-term income inequality in Latin America: 1920-2011. Journal of Economic History, 84(4).This paper analyses and documents new long-term income inequality series for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela based on dynamic social tables with four occupational groups. This enables the calculation of comparable Overall (4 groups) and Labor Ginis (3 groups) with their between- and within-groups components. The main findings are: the absence of a unique inequality pattern over time; country outcomes characterized by trajectory diversity and level divergence during industrialization, and by commonality and convergence post 1980; the occurrence of inequality-levelling episodes with different timing and length; and significant changes in trends, but also evidence indicating persistence.

From 2017 to 2021, the share of households living under the poverty line in Venezuela has been surpassing 90 percent. In addition, more than six out of every ten households (67.97 percent) lived in extreme poverty in 2021. The overall household poverty rate in Venezuela has registered a steady growth from 2014 to 2019, after having remained relatively stable, below 40 percent, since 2005. Although poverty is widespread among the population as a whole, some groups are more vulnerable than others. That is the case of younger generations and particularly children: 98.03 percent of Venezuelans aged 15 or younger lived in poverty in 2021. An economy in disarray Venezuela, the country with the largest oil reserves in the world and whose economy has been largely dependent on oil revenues for decades, was once one of the most prosperous countries in Latin America. Today, hyperinflation and an astronomic public debt are only some of the many pressing concerns that affect the domestic economy. The socio-economic consequences of the crisis As a result of the economic recession, more than half of the population in every state in Venezuela lives in extreme poverty. This issue is particularly noteworthy in the states of Amazonas, Monagas, and Falcón, where the extreme poverty rate hovers over 80 percent. Such alarming levels of poverty, together with persistent food shortages, provoked a rapid increase in undernourishment, which was estimated at 17.9 percent between 2020 and 2022. The combination of humanitarian crisis, political turmoil and economic havoc led to the Venezuelan refugee and migrant crisis. As of 2020, more than five million Venezuelans had fled their home country, with neighboring Colombia being the main country of destination.

In the timeframe presented, there has been a general increase in the minimum wages in Venezuela. From April 2019 to May 2021, the minimum wage increased ****** percent. Since October 2021, the monetary expression of the Venezuelan bolivar changed by removing *** zeros from the currency.

Venezuela Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non-Resident Agents data was reported at -34,094,652.000 VEF th in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of -71,085,030.000 VEF th for 2013. Venezuela Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non-Resident Agents data is updated yearly, averaging -3,351,685.000 VEF th from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2014, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,219,518.000 VEF th in 2007 and a record low of -71,085,030.000 VEF th in 2013. Venezuela Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non-Resident Agents data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Venezuela. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Venezuela – Table VE.A003: SNA 1993: GDP: National Income.

In the timeframe presented, there has been a general uptick in the average monthly salary for Venezuelan employees, peaking at ******* USD in July 2024.

Venezuela GDP: Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non Resident Agents data was reported at -100,976.709 VES th in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of -5,163.078 VES th for 2016. Venezuela GDP: Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non Resident Agents data is updated yearly, averaging -45.979 VES th from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2017, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 52.195 VES th in 2007 and a record low of -100,976.709 VES th in 2017. Venezuela GDP: Net Operation of Primary Distribution of Income with Non Resident Agents data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Venezuela. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Venezuela – Table VE.A014: SNA 1993: GDP: Main Aggregates: Bolivar Soberano.

The statistic shows the distribution of employment in Venezuela by economic sector from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, 10.63 percent of the employees in Venezuela were active in the agricultural sector, 21.26 percent in industry and 70.91 percent in the service sector.