Abstract

The Sierra Leone Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) survey provides information for management of the Sierra Leone economy and society. It embodies the results of a household survey designed to produce indicators for social welfare in a cheaper and more regular way to provide instruments for continuous monitoring of the poverty alleviation programme. The CWIQ survey produces information for measuring key changes in social indicators for different population groups in particular Indicators of access, use and satisfaction with social services. The overall objective of the Sierra Leone CWIQ survey, 2007 was to provide timely information for monitoring the implementation of the Sierra Leone Poverty Reduction Strategy and to begin a process of capacity building for the design, implementation, processing and analysis of household surveys within Statistics Sierra Leone (SSL) to strengthen the Poverty Reduction Strategy Monitoring and Evaluation System. This report presents the major findings of the CWIQ survey carried out from 5 April-10 May 2007 by SSL. A sample size of 7,800 households, covering rural and urban areas, in all nineteen Local Councils of the four administrative regions of the country was selected from a total of 520 Enumeration Areas. Detailed information was collected on most aspects of poverty such as demographic characteristics, education, health, employment, household assets, household amenities, poverty predictors, children under five, maternal child health and agriculture. The major findings of the survey are summarized in the order of the relevant chapters of the report.

Geographic coverage

The CWIQ Survey covered all four Sierra Leone administrative regions and nineteen Local Councils. Five hundred and twenty (520) Enumeration Areas (E.A.s) covering rural and urban areas in each of the Local Councils were sampled. Fifteen households were sampled in each EA and resulted in an overall sample of 7,800 households.

Analysis unit

The survey design was based on a stratified two-stage sample design using existing SSL sampling frame (2004 Population and Housing Census). E.A.'s served as primary sampling units while households served as secondary sampling units. The survey design enabled reporting of results at Local Council, Regional and National levels.

Universe

The survey covered sampled households and all household members country-wide.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A total of 7,797 households were enumerated from a sample of 7,800 households, in 520 Enumeration Areas, giving the survey coverage rate of 98.4 percent (Table 1.2 of Appendix 1).For each enumeration area a reserve list of three household was selected for replacement due to refusals, respondents not at home, households not located, moved away among others. Only three Local Councils Kenema District, Kenema Town and Kambia District had 100% completed of the original households in the sample. The rest of the Local Council areas had some household replaced due to refusals or not found. The Southern Region had the highest level of replacement households of 3.3% and the Eastern Region had the lowest level of replacement of 0.1%. Nationally, 4,905 households were covered in the rural areas while 2,892 households were covered in the urban areas.

Sampling deviation

For each enumeration area a reserve list of three household was selected for replacement due to refusals, respondents not at home, households not located, moved away among others.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The survey instruments included the modified generic scannable CWIQ questionnaire; the interviewer's manual and supervisor's manual. CWIQ2007(24464): Sierra Leone 2007 Main Survey 19-03-2007 IMPORTANT Create a reference number by combining the household and questionnaire numbers. Write this number NOW on the top of all pages. Page 1 of 14 Q.1 INTERVIEWER'S NAME A.1 CLUSTER A.2 HOUSEHOLD A.3 SEQ. A.4 INTERVIEWER A.5 DATE A.6 TIME A.7 RESPONDENT Q.2 NAME OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD Q.3 PROVINCE/REGION Q.4 DISTRICT Statistics Sierra Leone A.J. Momoh Street Freetown, Sierra Leone Comments A - INTERVIEW INFORMATION C W I Q Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire I Q.5 LOCAL COUNCIL Q.6 CHIEFDOM/WARD Quest. N o. Hour Min. AM PM Member N o. A.8 RESULT Complete with selected household Complete with replacement - refusal Complete with replacement - not found Incomplete 1 2 3 4 A.9 INTERVIEW END Hour Min. AM PM PRINTING AND SHADING INSTRUCTIONS For optimum accuracy, please print carefully and avoid contact with the edges of the box. The following will serve as an example: Tel: 022-223287 Q.7 SECTION Q.8 VILLAGE/LOCALITY Day Mon th Y ear Reference Number 8862244644 CWIQ2007(24464): Sierra Leone 2007 Main Survey 19-03-2007 IF RESPONSE IS NO OR DON'T KNOW GO TO NEXT PERSON MEMBER NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Head B Page 2 of 14 - LIST OF HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS WRITE DOWN THE NAMES OF ALL PERSONS WHO NORMALLY LIVE AND EAT TOGETHER IN THIS HOUSEHOLD, STARTING WITH THE HEAD. B.1 Is [NAME] male or female? Male Female B.2 How long has [NAME] been away in the last 12 months? Never Less than 6 months 6 months or more B.3 What is [NAME]'s relationship to the head of household? Head Spouse Child Parent Other relative Not related B.4 How old was [NAME] at last birthday? (RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS.) B.9 Is [NAME]'s mother living in the household? Yes No What is [NAME]'s marital status? Never married Married(monogamous) Married(polygamous) Divorced Separated Widowed Is [NAME]'s father alive? Yes No Don't know B.7 Is [NAME]'s father living in the household? Yes No B.8 Is [NAME]'s mother alive? Yes No Don't know M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N IF RESPONSE IS NO OR DON'T KNOW GO TO B.8 M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N M F 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Y N X Y N Y N X Y N B.5 IF PERSON IS UNDER AGE 10 GO TO B.6 B.6 IF PERSON IS AGED 18 OR ABOVE GO TO NEXT PERSON Reference Number 7226244647 CWIQ2007(24464): Sierra Leone 2007 Main Survey 19-03-2007 GO TO NEXT PERSON GO TO NEXT PERSON MEMBER NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Page 3 of 14 C - EDUCATION Can [NAME] read and write in any language? Yes No C.2 Has [NAME] ever attended school? Yes No Why has [NAME] not started school? (YOU MUST MARK AT LEAST ONE ANSWER) a Too young b Too far away c Too expensive d Is working (home or job) e Useless/uninteresting f Illness g Other C.3 What is the highest grade [NAME] completed? C.4 Did [NAME] attend school last year? Yes No C.5 Is [NAME] currently in school? Yes No C.6 What is the current grade [NAME] is attending? C.7 Who runs the school [NAME] is attending? Government Religious organization Private Community Other C.8 Did [NAME] have any problems with school? (YOU MUST MARK AT LEAST ONE ANSWER) a No problem (satisfied) b Lack of books/supplies c Poor teaching d Not enough teachers e Teachers often absent f Lack of space g Facilities in bad condition h High fees i Other problem C.9 Why is [NAME] not currently in school? (YOU MUST MARK AT LEAST ONE ANSWER) a Completed school b Too far away c Too expensive d Is working (home or job) e Illness f Drug related problem g Pregnancy h Got married i Useless/uninteresting j Failed exam k Awaiting admission l Dismissed m Other C3 - Highest grade completed 00 None 01 Pre-school 11 P1 21 JSS1 31 University 12 P2 22 JSS2 41 Vocational 13 P3 23 JSS3 42 Teacher training 14 P4 24 SSS1 43 Technical 15 P5 25 SSS2 16 P6 26 SSS3 C6 - Current grade attending 01 Pre-school 11 P1 21 JSS1 31 University 12 P2 22 JSS2 41 Vocational 13 P3 23 JSS3 42 Teacher training 14 P4 24 SSS1 43 Technical 15 P5 25 SSS2 16 P6 26 SSS3 Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N 1 2 3 4 5 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y IF C5 RESPONSE IS NO GO TO C.9 IF C2 IS NO AND [NAME]IS BELOW 19 YEARS GO TO C.10; ELSE GO TO NEXT PERSON C.10 ASK C10 IF PERSON IS BELOW 19 YEARS C.1 ASK C.1 IF PERSON IS AGE 15 OR ABOVE OTHERWISE GO TO C.2 Reference Number 2017244640 CWIQ2007(24464): Sierra Leone 2007 Main Survey 19-03-2007 MEMBER NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Page 4 of 14 D - HEALTH D.1 Is [NAME] physically or mentally handicapped or disabled? Include person only if handicap prevents him or her from maintaining a significant activity or schooling. What sort of sickness/injury did [NAME] suffer? (YOU MUST MARK AT LEAST ONE ANSWER) D.5 What kind of health provider did [NAME] see? D.6 How did [NAME] pay for the consultation? a No need b Too expensive c Too far d Lack of confidence e Other D.8 Why did [NAME]

Abstract

The Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) is an instrument designed to collect minimum information not only for providing basic indicators for monitoring poverty alleviation programs, but more specifically for providing indicators for monitoring welfare and other social trends for the different sub-population groups across the country including provision of rapid information for programmes and policy decisions. This survey was designed to provide timely and reliable information on key economic and social indicators that underpins the planning, monitoring and revision of Government of Sierra Leone programmes, if the PRSP targets and goals are to be achieved.

The overall objective for conducting the CWIQ survey in Sierra Leone was to provide timely information for monitoring the implementation of the Sierra Leone Poverty Reduction Strategy and to begin a process of capacity building for the design, implementation, processing and analysis of household surveys within SSL to strengthen the Poverty Reduction Strategy Monitoring and Evaluation System.

The specific objectives included: - Elaborating main indicators for social welfare and basic needs of the socioeconomic groups of the population; - Identifying target groups for benefiting special action programmes designed by decision makers to address their needs; - Monitoring changes happening in the households’ welfare overtime; - Providing a database for social research; - Elaborating on numerous sector programmes aimed at improving the welfare of the population across the country; - Building models to stimulate the global impact of policy choices and the distribution of this impact.

Geographic coverage

National coverage, the survey design enabled reporting of results at Local Council, Regional and National levels.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children under 5

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2007 CWIQ Survey was carried out on a nationally representative sample of 7,800 households located in 520 E.A.s/Clusters. The survey was based on a stratified two stage sampling design using existing SSL sample frame (2004 Population and Housing Census). E.A.s were selected from each Local Council (LC). It should be stated that some of these LCs are rural areas while some are urban areas. In each LC, the first stage of sampling was a selection of E.A.s. The number of EAs selected in each LC was determined proportionately using the square root of the household population of the LC and that of the locality (Urban, Rural).

At the second stage of sampling, 15 households were selected for each EA for inclusion in the sample. The selection in each cluster included additional households, as substitutes, to take into account e.g. households that may have moved between the time of listing and the date of enumeration. Below is the distribution of total number of EAs, sampled EAs and total number of households in each LC.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Generic scannable CWIQ questionnaire supplied by the World Bank was modified and used for the CWIQ Pilot survey. The CWIQ Pilot survey questionnaire was further modified on the basis of experience during the pilot survey conducted just before the main survey. This modified questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument and contains pre-coded multiple-choice responses. The questionnaire is divided into modules covering subject areas including interview information, list of household members, education, health, employment, household assets, household amenities, poverty predictors, children under five, maternal child health and agriculture.

Cleaning operations

Data processing was organized to run concurrently with the fieldwork and commenced a week after the commencement of the fieldwork. The CWIQ data processing system resembled a typical survey data processing system with three main stages: data entry, validation and tabulation. Unique features if CWIQ data processing included use of optical scanners, eliminating the need for manually keying data; the system used a relational database management system (Microsoft Access) to store the survey data instead of text or proprietary file formats; The system was programmed in a general purpose programming language (Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications) instead of a generalized survey data processing package. The data processing procedure involved: Reception of questionnaire; Data preparation; Scanning and evaluation; Verification and committing; Conversion of data; and Validation of data.

Response rate

A total of 7,797 households were successfully enumerated from a sample of 7,800 households giving the survey coverage rate of 99.96 percent. Three households could not be located at the time of data processing.